Ingaba umntwana wakho omncinci ufumanisa kulula ukubiza amagama kunye namanani? Ngaba unokufunda amagama nangaphambi kokuba akwazi ukuthetha ngokufanelekileyo? Ukuba kunjalo, umntwana wakho unokufumana ingxaki ebizwa ngokuba yi-hyperlexia.
Ukuqonda i-Hyperlexia
I-Hyperlexia yi-syndrome ebonakalisa ukuthakazelisa kakhulu kunye neenobumba okanye iinombolo kunye nokukwazi ukufunda okuphambili. Abantwana be-Hyperlexic bafundela kumanqanaba angaphezu kwezo zakwabo abadala kunye nabo baqala ukufunda beselula, ngamanye amaxesha baneminyaka emibini.
Nangona abantwana be-hyperlexic beqhubile phambili ekufundeni izakhono, banokuqonda ukuqonda nokusebenzisa ulwimi oluthethiweyo. Ngokungafani nabanye abantwana, abantwana abaxhambileyo abafundi ukufunda indlela abantwana abaninzi abayenzayo ngayo. Nangona ininzi abantwana beqhubela phambili kwizandi zokufunda ukuya kumazwi kwizivakalisi, abantwana abaxhamlileyo bakhumbula izivakalisi, izivakalisi, okanye iingxoxo ezipheleleyo kumabonwakude, kumabhayisikobho okanye kwiincwadi. Ukuvakalisa ingcamango, abantwana kufuneka bakwazi ukudibanisa into abaye bayibamba ngekhanda ukudala imibhalo yokuqala.
Abantwana abanama-hyperlexic baneembukiselo ezibonakalayo kunye nezicatshulwayo, oku kuthetha ukuba bakhumbula ngokulula oko bakubona nokuva. Basebenzisa imemori yabo ukubanceda bafunde ulwimi. Baza kubakhombisa i-echolalia, okuphindaphindiweyo kwezivakalisi kunye nezivakalisi ngaphandle kokuqonda intsingiselo.
Ngenxa yobunzima babo ngolwimi oluthethiweyo, abantwana abaxhamlileyo abanqabile ukuba baqale ukuthetha.
Hyperlexia ne Autism
I-Hyperlexia ngezinye izihlandlo ye-autism. Ukuba umntwana wakho ene-hyperlexia nayo i-autistic, unokufumana iingxaki kunye nokuziphatha ngokufanelekileyo. Unokubonisa kwakhona ezinye iimpawu ze-autism eziquka:
- Indlela yokuzivuselela
- Indlela yokuziphatha
- Ikhonkco kunye nokucinga
- Ubunzima ngeengcamango ezingabonakaliyo
- Uphuhliso oluqhelekileyo de kwiinyanga ezili-18-24, zilandelwa ukulawula
- Kufuneka ugcine iinkqubo
- Unzima ukuguquka ukusuka komnye umsebenzi ukuya kwenye
Iinkalo ezongezelelweyo ze-autism zihlala ziquka ezi zilandelayo:
- Ukuzwela kwizandi, ukuhogela, nokuthintela
- Ukoyika okungavamile
- Ukuphulaphula okukhethiweyo (kunokubonakala ngathi iyisithulu)
Ngaba Bonke Abafundi Bokuqala Abafundi Bama-Hyperlexic?
Bonke abafundi bexesha elide baqinisekanga kakhulu. Abanye, eqinisweni, banesipho esifanelekileyo. Le nyaniso, nangona kunjalo, ayisoloko iqondwa.
USilberman noSilberman, oqala ukusebenzisa igama kwiphepha labo lakwa-1967 elithi "Hyperlexia: Izakhono zokuqonda amagama ezikhethekileyo kubantwana abancinci," kuchaza ukuqhubeka kokukwazi ukufunda kunye nabantwana abakhubazekileyo njenge- dyslexia kwelinye icala, abantwana abangenazo iingxaki zokufunda phakathi, kwaye ngolunye uphelo abantwana "banako ukuqonda amagama ngendlela ephakamileyo yokufundisa kunokuba kuboniswe amandla abo engqondo."
Ingxaki ngoku kuhlalutya kwe-hyperlexia kukuba ayikuziphendulela kubafundi abanesiphiwo, nangona kubandakanya kuzo kwinkcazo yohlobo lwe-hyperlexia. Yona yindlela enye ephethe isenzo "i-pathologized." Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu babona ingxaki apho kungekho ingxaki.
Indlela Yokukwazi Ukuba Umntwana Wakho Une-Hyperlexia
Ukuba umntwana wakho ungumfundi osekuqaleni, unokuzibuza ukuba umntwana wakho unempilo. Enyanisweni, unokuhlangana nabantu abakuxelela ukuba kufuneka ufune uncedo kumntwana wakho ukuxilonga nokunyanga le meko.
Kubalulekile, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhumbule ukuba i-hyperlexia yinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi. Khumbula, ukufunda okokuqala akuyena uphawu loxinzelelo. Nangona abantwana be-hyperlexic banomdla ngamazwi nakwiileta kwaye bafunda ukufunda ngaphandle kwemfundo ngokusemncinci kakhulu, ukuqonda kwabo akuqhelekanga ukufanisa amandla abo okuqonda amagama. Baphinde babonise iingxaki ngolwimi oluthethiweyo, kaninzi abakwazi ukubeka amagama ndawonye ukuvakalisa iingcamango zabo okanye ukuqonda ulwimi oluthethiweyo lwabanye.
Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-hyperlexia, kungengqiqweni ukubuza udokotela wakho wezilwanyana ukuba uthunyelwe ukuhlolwa. Ukuba umntwana wakho ungumfundi osekuqaleni, ukhetho lwakho olungcono kakhulu kukumkhuthaza ukuba abe namathuba amaninzi okuzonwabisa ukufunda!