Ukuba umntwana wakho wazalwa kwangaphambili, ukunyamekelwa kwabantwana owawucebileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho akusayi kuba yinto yokukhetha. Iintsana ezizalwe kusengaphambili ziyakwazi ukugula, kwaye izifo eziqhelekileyo ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye ne-RSV inokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu kwiintshaba. Ukongezelela, ezinye iinjongo zingase zibe neengxaki ezingapheliyo zezempilo okanye ukulibaziseka okuphuhlisayo okwenza kube lula kunzima ukunyamekela abantwana.
Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe ukunakekelwa kwabantwana kwintsana yakho engakabantwana, khuluma notitshala wakho wezilwanyana malunga nokuba zeziphi iintlobo zezicwangciso eziza kuba ngcono. Ezinye izithako zenza kakuhle kwizicwangciso zokunyamekela abantwana, kodwa abanye, ngokukodwa abo bazalwa ngokukhawuleza okanye abaneengxaki ezingaphezulu , banokuthi banamasosha omzimba angabuthathaka kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokunakekela abantwana. Ezinye izithaba zingahle zilibaleke kwiintlanganiso ezinkulu, kwaye iinkqubo ezizimeleyo zemfundo kunye neeshedyuli zoqeqesho zamathambo angqongqo ziyakhathaza umntwana kunye nomzali ofanayo.
Izinketho zokuNakekela abantwana
Abazali beintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha banamathuba amaninzi okunyamekela abantwana. Zonke zinenzuzo kunye neengxaki, ngoko-ke qwalasela inketho nganye phambi kokuthatha izigqibo.
- Umzali ekhaya: Nangona bobabini abazali beceba ukubuyela emsebenzini emva kokuzalwa komntwana wakho, qwa lasele ukuba ngaba umzali angahlala ekhaya kwiinyanga zokuqala okanye iminyaka yobomi bentsana yakho. Ukuba nomzali ekhaya kungaba ngumsindisi omkhulu wemali - iintsapho ezininzi zifuna imoto enye kuphela, ukutya kunokulungiswa kangcono ekhaya, kwaye izindleko zokunakekela abantwana ziyakunqandwa. Ukuba unenkxalabo yokufumana unonophelo lwexesha elipheleleyo lomntwana kwi-preemie yakho, jonga ngokucophelela kwiimali zakho ukuze ubone ukuba olu khetho lunokusebenza kwintsapho yakho.
- Umncedisi Wentsapho: Ukunikezela ilungu losapho umsebenzi wokunyamekela umntwana lwakho isigqibo esinzulu, kodwa kukhethwa okusebenza kakuhle kwiintsapho ezininzi. Iintsana ezisemandulo zifumana inzuzo yokuhlala kwindlu engenakufikelela kwiindawo ezincinci kwizifo kunye nezifo kwaye zinokufumana inqanaba eliphezulu lokukhula komntwana ukuphucula ukufunda nokuphuhlisa. Amalungu entsapho angaba nomzali ngokwahlukileyo kunoko, nangona kunjalo, okanye unokufumana iishedyuli ezahlukeneyo okanye imilinganiselo yondlo.
- IiNannies: I-nanny yinto enhle kubazali abangakwazi ukufumana iirhafu zeprayimenti ezihlawulisiweyo. Uninzi lwama-nannies baqeqeshwa ekuphuhlisweni kwabantwana, kwaye abanye banokubakho izatifikethi ezongezelelweyo kwiinkathalo ezisandul 'ukuzalwa. Baya kunceda i-preemie yakho ukuba ifunde kwaye ikhule ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Uninzi lwamannies ahlala emakhaya abo, nangona abanye behlala kumakhaya abo amakhasimende. Imirhumo yemali yesi-nanny iyahluka kakhulu kwindawo kodwa ingaba phakathi kwama-400 ukuya kwi-1 000 ngeveki.
- Iibini zee- Au: I-pair yebhanti iselula, umfundi wasemzini ofuna ukufumana ubomi kwelinye ilizwe. Bahlala kunye nosapho olusasazekayo kwaye banakekele abantwana bentsapho, befumana i-stipend ukuze bahlawule ezinye iindleko zabo zokuphila. Iintsapho eziziphetheyo zihlawula phakathi kweedola ezingama-300 ukuya kwii-350 ngeenyanga kwiintlawulo kunye nokuhlawulwa kwemali. Izibini eziphambili zebhanki zinika ukunakekelwa kwabantwana abanothando ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-45 ngeveki, kwikhaya lakho, ngelixa uzisa abantwana bakho kwiinkcubeko zangaphandle.
- Izixhobo Zokunakekelwa Kwabantwana: Izibonelelo zokunakekela abantwana zangaphakathi-ekhaya ziyahluka kakhulu. Amanye athile amashishini amancinci aqhutyelwa ngamama omama ahlala ekhaya azinakekela abantwana abancinane kuphela; Amanye amashishini amakhulu kunye nabancedisayo nabantwana abaninzi. Abanakekeli bekhaya bangenawo amava amaninzi abasebenzisana nabantwana kwaye banako ukubanceda abazali banakekele iintshaba zabo, nokuba nabo baneemfuno ezizodwa. Oku kudla ngokuba yinkqubo yokunyamekela abantwana ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwintsapho yakho ye-preemie.
- Amaziko okuNakekela iZondlo: Amaziko okunakekelwa kwezilwanyana anakekela uninzi lwabantwana kwiimeko zeqela. Abaninzi banikela iinkqubo zemfundo, ukutya okunempilo, kunye neeyure ezongezelelweyo kubazali abaneeshedyuli zomsebenzi ezingavamile. Basenamava abasebenzisana nabantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa, kwaye abazali abanemithwalo emininzi enzima akufanele baxhalabe ukuba umnakekeli wabo uhlala efuna ixesha lokukhusela iziko lokunakekelwa kwezilwanyana. Amaziko okunakekelwa kwondlo asebenza ngokusetyenziselwa ukulinganiswa kotitshala / abantwana ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yomntwana, kodwa iiklasi zinokudibaniswa ukuze abantwana abaninzi babekwe ndawonye.
Ngaphantsi
Xa ufuna ukunyamekela umntwana wakho osanda kuzalwa, akukho luhlobo olulodwa lokunakekelwa kwabantwana oluza kubonelela ngononophelo lomntwana wakho. Iinjongo zakho eziphambili ekufumaneni ukunakekelwa kwabantwana kukugcina abantwana bakho bephilile kwaye bakhuselekile kwaye banokuphucula ukuphuhliswa kwabo kwengqondo kunye nokuphuhliswa kwengqondo. Khangela zonke iinketho zakho xa ukhetha ukunakekelwa kwabantwana kwintsana yakho engaphambi kokuzalwa. Xa ufumana ukunakekelwa kwabantwana oyithandayo, qiniseka ukuba ihlangabezana nezi ziqinisekiso:
- Ukunyanzeliswa kwabanye abantwana: Ukungabikho kwintsholongwane.
- Umgaqo okhuseleyo wokugula : Ukugcina i-preemie yakho kwiintsana ezigulayo.
- Inkqubo yokuqeqeshwa kwindlu yangasese eneFlexible : Iintshaba zikwazi ukuqhuba isitimela zangasese kamva.
- Imigaqo-nkqubo yokuhlamba izandla: Kubasebenzi kunye nabafundi.
- Inkqubo yemfundo efanelekileyo: Ukuphucula uphuhliso ngaphandle kokuqineka.
- Ukuqonda ukuphuhliswa kwabantwana: Ukukunceda uqaphele ukulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa.
Imithombo
> I-International Au Pair Association. http://www.iapa.org/Docs/index/index.php4
> INational Nanny Association.
> Rosenthal, uMarjorie S. MD, MPH; Crowley, Angela A. PhD, i-APRN, BC, i-PNP; I-Curry, i-Leslie PhD, i-MPH "I-Experience Child's Careers 'Experience in Promotion of Health" . Ukulungiswa kwezeMpilo kunye noLuntu kwi- Oktobha / Disemba 2008 31: 326-334.
> Sears MD, William, Sears MD, Robert, Sears MD, James, Sears RN, Martha. Incwadi Yomntwana Yengaphambi Kwangaphambili: Yonke Into Okufuneka Uyazi Ngomntwana Wakho Okhulileyo Kusukela Ekuzalweni Kuya Kudala . Little, Brown kunye neCo, eNew York, 2004.