Isingeniso kwiintsana eziPhambi kwexesha

Konke malunga Nezithalo: Ukususela Ekuzalweni Kuya Ekuphumeni Kwezibhedlele

Isiqulatho sakho esincinane senjabulo silapha kwaye ngoku nibazali be-premie. Vuyiswa! Ngelishwa, abazali abambalwa balungele ukuba ngumzali we-premie, kunye nobomi kwinqununu yokunakekelwa kakhulu ye-neonatal (NICU) mhlawumbi into oye yabona kwiTV kuphela ukuba oko. Yintoni oyifunayo ukuba uyifunde ukususela ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana wakho kude kube ixesha lokukhulelwa esibhedlele?

Nangona inani leeveki owakubakho xa ubeletha lunokuthi lucwetshwe engqondweni yakho, yazi ukuba uSuku 1 lobomi bakho bobuhlobo bokuba ngumzuzu wokuba yonke into ishintshile. Ngaloo mini, nokuba kwakungenxa yokuqalwa komsebenzi okanye inkathazo yezempilo kuwe okanye umntwana wakho, ihlabathi lakho likhulu kakhulu. Kodwa ngobomi obutsha, abazali beengqangi bajongana neengxaki ezibuhlungu bokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa. Makhe siphumelele kuloo mvakalelo kwaye sifunde ukuba ungalindela njani njengoko umntwana wakho osanda kukhula ekhula kwaye ahlakulele imihla ngemihla.

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Ukuqonda Iimvakalelo Zakho

Ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokusesikweni kuyinto ephazamisayo kuyo nayiphi na intsapho. Ukwesaba okuqhelekileyo onke amava omzali akhuliswa ngengozi ephakamileyo yeengxaki zempilo onokuziva uzilungele ukulawula. Ukuba nosana olungaphambi kwangoko lukhuni kwiindlela ezininzi !

Kulungile ukuvumela ukukhala, ukuhleka, ukumemeza, kwaye uthandaze njengoko uhlala kunye neentsikelelo zokunyamekela i-preemie yakho. Kukho imvakalelo eninzi kunye nomntu onokujamelana nayo unokungafani umzuzu ngomzuzu. Akukho mvakalelo ilungile okanye engalunganga, kwaye kuyaqhelekile ukuba uzive uvuyo olukhulu kunye nentlungu enokumangalisa okanye ukudandatheka konke ngexesha elinye.

Sebenza ngomsindo ngamnye ngaphandle kokugweba wena, iqabane lakho okanye usapho olusondeleyo. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, uthetha kuphela kunye nabahlobo kunye nosapho abanokuba nethuba kwaye bangabi nxamnye. Ukuvuma zonke iimvakalelo zakho, ezilungileyo kunye ezimbi zibalulekile ekujonganeni nokuzalwa komntwana .

Iimvakalelo ozivelayo zinokunyanzeliswa xa kunentsingiselo efanelekileyo kodwa abantu abangacacanga bambuza ukuba yini eyabangela ukuba ufikelele kwangaphambili. Xa abantu bebuza isizathu sokuba kwenzeke, unokwenza okunye phakathi kokuphuka ngezinyembezi nokufuna ukumbamba umntu. Abantu abaqhelekanga ukwenza la mazwana ukuba abangele ubuhlungu. Kunoko, abaninzi abantu abaqinisekanga ukuba bathetha ntoni. Ukuba ukhathazekile okanye ucaphukile ngala mazwi, khumbuza abathandekayo bakho ngobumnandi ukuba akukho mntu uyazi ukuba kutheni ukubeleka kwangaphambi kokuza kwenzeka kwaye uyaqonda ukuba abathandekayo bakho bakuthanda kwaye banokuxhasa ngeli xesha.

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Umzali kwiNICU

Ukuba ngumzali kwi-NICU akuyona into elula. Awuzange ucinge ukuba i- NICU imo ithetha ntoni ngawe kunye nomntwana wakho osandul 'ukuzalwa, ukuba kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba uzive ngaphandle kwendawo kwaye ungakhathazeki kwindawo enjalo.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokuqala umntwana wakho ayenayo, unokuhlala kwiNICU iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa. Inendima ebalulekileyo odlalayo kwi-NICU ubomi njengomzali onothando kumntwana wakho, kwaye ummeli wakho umntwana oogqirha kunye nabongikazi abanikela ngononophelo.

Kunokukunceda (kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhalabisa) ukuziqonda ngezinye zezixhobo ozibonayo ezenza izandi ezikhwankqisayo kunye neeplays imini nobusuku. Izixhobo ze-NICU , ukusuka kuma-catheter ukuya kumatshini angena kwi-ECMO (i-membrane e-extracoral membrane oxygenation, uhlobo loxhaswa lobomi olufaka i-oksijeni egazini kwaye lususe i-carbon dioxide), luvame ukwesabisa ukuba uyayiqonda indima ekhethekileyo nganye yale usana.

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Iinkxalabo zeMpilo KwiNtsana Yakho Yengaphambi Kwangaphambili

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iintsana ezizalwe kwiiveki zokuqala zokukhulelwa zisengozini kwinani elikhulu leengxaki zempilo ezihambelana nokuqhawuka kwangaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, iintshaba ezininzi zinempilo kusuka ekuzalweni kwaye zidinga ukunakekelwa kwe-NICU kuphela ixesha elide lokwanda kunye nokuqina.

Kungenwasa ukuva malunga nazo zonke iingxaki ezinokubakho kwangaphambili, kodwa khumbula ukuba abaninzi abantwana abanakufumana zonke ezi ngxaki. Ukuba nolwazi ngemicimbi echaphazelekayo yempilo kuya kunceda xa uzama ukuqonda ezininzi iinkqubo "zokukhusela" ezenziwa ngama-premies, kwaye kutheni kukho imigaqo ethile eqinile kwi-NICU. Imiba eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:

• Apnea of ​​prematurity
• Jaundice
• I-respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
• I-hemorrhage (IVH)
• Reflux
• I-Retinopathy yokuqala kwangaphambili
• I-patent ductus arteriosis (PDA)
• I-Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
• Sepsis

Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba umntanakho ufanele aqikelele, yiyiphi inkxalabo eqhelekileyo kwisigaba esingafaniyo, kwaye xa izinto ezinjengezinyango ze-kangaroo ziqaliswa, ukujonga imifanekiso kunye nenkcazo yeveki ezingaphambi kwintsuku ngeveki kunokukunceda ukukhupha ingqondo yakho.

Kukho neminye imiba yempilo yexesha elide ehambelana nokuqala kwangaphambili, kodwa umngcipheko wale miqathango uye waphucula ngokuphawulekayo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.

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Ukuzisa ikhaya lomntwana kwiNICU

Nangona mhlawumbi ucinga ngokuthatha umntwana wakho rhoqo ekhaya, xa ixesha lokukhulelwa kwe-NICU liza , mhlawumbi uya kuziva unxinzelelo (ukuthotywa).

Emva kokunyamekela iwashi, uya kuba noxanduva lwakho umntwana kuphela. Nangona uvuyo olukhulu luhamba nale nto ibalulekileyo, unokufumana uzive ungakulungele kwaye ukhathazeke ngokunyamekela umntwana wakho ngaphandle kwenkxaso oyifumene kwiNICU. Ukuba uvakalelwa ngale ndlela, uqhelekile. AWUKHO wedwa!

Ungaxhalabi. Abasebenzi be-NICU abayi kukuvumela ukuba ushiye kwada kwadibana nantoni. Ezi ziquka:

• Ingane yakho iya kufuneka ikwazi ukugcina ukushisa kwayo ngaphandle kwe-incubator (ngokuqhelekileyo xa umntwana efikelela malunga neekhilogram ezine).
• Ingane yakho iya kufuneka ikwazi ukuthatha konke ukunyusa ngomlomo (okanye nge-tube ye-NG okanye kwi-tube ye-G oya kufundiswa ukuba uyisebenzise ngokucophelela).
• Ingane yakho iya kufuneka ikwazi ukuphefumula kwigumbi lomoya (okanye kwezinye iimeko i-oksijeni) kwaye ulondoloze amaqondo okwaneleyo oksijini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwintsana kufuneka kwenziwe ( uvavanyo lwe-PKU luhluke kwii-premies).

Ukunyamekela umntwana osanda kuzalwa kuluhluke kakhulu kunokuba unakekele ixesha elipheleleyo umntwana, ngoko ke nangona unabantwana abadala, ubomi buyahlukahluka ngaphesheya kweengcango ze-NICU.

Kwaye nangona ukunyamekela umntwana osanda kuzalwa kuncinci ngokukhathala kwexesha elipheleleyo umntwana, uya kufunda kunye nenkxaso yabasebenzi be-NICU ngeli thuba.

Abasebenzi bakho be-NICU baya kukufundisa ngokucophelela indlela yokunyamekela umntwana osanda kuzalwa ekhaya .

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Ukuthintela ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha elizayo

Ukuba unomntwana osengumntwana, usenokuba neentloni okanye ukwesaba xa ucinga ukuba ukukhulelwa komnye kuza kuzisa enye inzala yokuqala .

Ukufunda izinto ezinobungozi bokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa kunye nokuba yini enokukwazi ukuyenza ukukhusela ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kubakho iingxoxo ezibalulekileyo zokuba nazo, nangona into yokugqibela engqondweni yakho iphinda ikhulelwe.

Abantu abaninzi baya kuzalwa ngokuzeleyo emva kwe-premie. Ukuba neengxoxo ezicokisekileyo kunye nodokotela wakho okanye ugqirha onjenge-perinatologist ekhethekileyo ekuzalweni kwangaphambi kokuzalwa, kunokubaluleka ekuncedeni ukwenza isigqibo esinolwazi xa uceba olunye ukhulelwe.

Ngaphantsi kweNtsana Yakho Yengaphambi kokusasa

Ukuba nosana olungaphambi kwexesha ludla ngokuza kumangaliswa, kwaye abaninzi abantu baye bafumana ukukhanya okufutshane kwizibane kunye nemisindo yeNICU esebenzayo.

Iimvakalelo zinokuthi zenze i-spectrum, kwaye zicinga ukuba ezi zintsimi zongezwa kwizinto eziqhelekileyo "zokuhamba emva kokuphuma," ukuguquka kokuba nomntwana kwi-NICU kunzima kakhulu. Ukuba nenkqubo efanelekileyo yokuxhasa ibalulekile. Eli lixesha lokufowunela kumalungu akho omncedisayo, ongenamanga kunye nabahlobo kwaye ushiye abahlobo abanetyhefu emva. Ufuna abo basesikweni sokuxhaswa ukuba bakukho emva kweepesenti eziyi-100.

Inokukunceda ukufunda ngezinye izixhobo kunye neengxaki ezinokuvela, kodwa khumbula ukuba ezininzi iintsana azidingi zonke izixhobo okanye amava onke. Kukho umgca ococekileyo phakathi kokuzifundisa nokuxakeka, kwaye yedwa kuphela owaziyo ukuba ungayifumana njani loo mgca.

Unokuzifumana uphupha ngosuku lwakho umntwana uya kukwazi ukuya ekhaya, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo ukwesaba uxanduva lokunyamekela umntwana wokuqala. Ngethamsanqa, abasebenzi be-NICU baya kuthi baphambuke kwicala lokushiya ngokulungelelanisa, kodwa unokukhungathekiswa nalokhu.

Ekugqibeleni, emva kokuzalwa kokuqala, into yokugqibela ofuna ukuyiva ngayo indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba kwenzeka kwakhona. Kwaye kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo, iingxoxo ngezizathu kufuneka zikhuphe umda. Kunoko, thetha noogqirha bakho malunga nokwesaba kwakho, kwaye ulondoloze nayiphi na ingxoxo kunye nabathandekayo kwixesha elizayo. Ukuba unomhlobo okanye ilungu lentsapho elinokukukhuthaza oku kukhethwa kuwe, konke kulunge. Ukuba usenzima, ungadinga ukukhumbuza ngobumnene abantu ukuba into oyifunayo kweli nqanaba yinkxaso ekunakekeleni umntwana wakho wokuqala, kungekhona ingxoxo malunga nokuba wabuya kusasa.

> Imithombo:

> Cherok, I., McCrone, S., Parker, D., noN. Leslie. Ukuphononongwa kweengenelelo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo phakathi koomama bamaintsana kwiNICU. Ukuphucula ukuNakekelwa kweNonatal . 2014. 14 (1): 30-7.

> Cunningham, F. Gary, noJohn Whitridge Williams. Williams Obstetrics. ENew York: iMicrora-Hill Hill Medical, 2014. Print.

> Lipner, H., no R. Huron. Ukunyamekela nokuThutyana kweNtsana yeNgana yokuqala: iNyunatal Care Care Intensive Through the High-Risk Child's Up-Up. Iiklinikhi zezilwanyana zaseNyakatho Melika . 2018. 65 (1): 135-141.