Ukulimala kwengqondo kungabangela njani okanye kukukhubazeka ukufunda ukufunda?
Ukulimala kobuchopho kunye nokukhubazeka okufunda ngokufanelekileyo kuyinkathazo ebalulekileyo kubantwana. I-American Academy ye-Neurology ibika ukuba abaninzi abantu abayi-1.5 yezigidi banobungozi bobuchopho eMelika, kwaye yimbangela enkulu yokufa nokukhubazeka kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Abantwana abaninzi bafa ngokulimala kongqondo ngamnye kunyaka kunanoma yintoni na isizathu. Funda kabanzi malunga nokulimala kwengqondo kunye nendlela ekuchaphazela ngayo iimfuno zokufunda.
Yintoni Ubungozi Bobunjani?
Ixesha lokulimala kwengqondo libhekisela kwimiphumo yengqondo ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokomzimba emva kokuzalwa. Isizathu esona siqhelekileyo sokulimala kwengqondo ngumonakalo wengozi entloko, njengengozi yemoto. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokulimala kwengqondo ezineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo.
- Iingqungquthela zenzeke kwifuthe elizenzekelayo okanye intshukumo enamandla ye-whiplash njengoko kuhamba ngokukhawuleza xa uhamba ngesivinini esiphezulu.
- Ukuphazamiseka kukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
- Ukulimala kwe-coup-contrecoup kwenzeka xa kukho ukonakaliswa okongeziweyo kwiindawo zobuchopho ezichasene ngqo nefuthe lokuqala. Ingqondo ihlala ngaphakathi kweengqungquthela zethu kwaye ijikelezwe ipokheji egcwele amanzi ophakathi kwengqondo kunye neendonga zegazi. Ngengozi, impembelelo yokuqala ibangela ingozi kwi-site. Ingqondo ihamba ngaphakathi kwekhayi kwaye ibetha ngaphesheya kwekhayi, kubangela ukulimala okwesibini. Olu hlobo lwenzakalo lwenzeka ngexesha lokukhawuleza ukuyeka kwizantya eziphezulu kwaye kubonakala nakwixhoba lokugubha. Ukulimala kwengqondo engaphezulu kunokuvela xa izigulane zinezifo ezinesibili ngaphambi kokulimala kokuqala.
Ziziphi Iimpawu Eziqhelekileyo Zobungozi Bobunzima?
Ukulimala kweBrain kuvela kwi-mildness kuya kuphazamiseka. Naliphi na umntu onokukhathazeka entloko kufuneka abonakale ngokukhawuleza ngugqirha onokukwazi ukuba yiyiphi inkathalo ebalulekileyo efunekayo. Ekuqaleni unyango luqala, uphulo olunempumelelo luyakwazi. Izibonakaliso zokulimala kwengqondo ziquka iimpawu ezifana:
- I sizathu
- Ukuvutha
- Ukungaqondi
- Intetho edibeneyo
- Ukudideka
- Amnesia okanye ezinye iingxaki zememori
- Ukuphelelwa kancinci kwimpendulo yomzimba okanye yengqondo
- Ukuphazamiseka kokubonakalayo
- Ikhefu elikhawulezayo
Kwiimeko zokumodareyitha kumonakalo omkhulu, ukuxhatshazwa, ukuhlaziya, ukuziphatha kakubi kunye nokucinga, nokufa kungenzeka.
Ukukhubazeka kokuFunda ngokuKhubazeka kweBongo
Abafundi abaninzi abanokulimala kwengqondo kubangelwa ukukhubazeka okufunda ngokukodwa (i-SLDs). Uhlobo kunye nobukhulu bokhubazeko kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bokulimala kwaye inxalenye yengqondo ichaphazelekayo. Ukuba umfundi wayenayo i-SLD ngaphambi kokulimala kwengqondo, kunokwenzeka ukuba u-disorder learning may worsen.
Iiprogram zeMfundo kwaBantwana abanobungozi obubuhlungu beBrain
Unyango olwenziwe ngophupho lwengqondo luyahlukahluka, ngokuxhomekeka kohlobo kunye nobukhulu bokulimala. Ukongenelelo lwezonyango kunokubandakanya ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlala esibhedlele, kunye neengcebiso ezifana nokuziphatheka, ukucebisa, ukuziphatha, umsebenzi kunye nentetho . Unyaka wokuqala wesigulane emva kokulimala kuthathwa njengento ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukujonga ixesha elide lokubuyiselwa.
Ukuphuhlisa inkqubo efanelekileyo yoLwazi lwaBantu, kubalulekile ukuba ootitshala basebenze kunye namagqirha aphatha umfundi ukuba aphuhlise isicwangciso sokutshintshwa ukuze ancedise ngokumbuyisela kumgangatho wokufundela.
Kubalulekile ukuba wonke umntu osebenza nomfundi aqhube ukuthetha naye kunyaka wokuqala wokubuyisela ukutshintshisisa ulwazi kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kunye neNkqubo eZiweyo ngokukodwa (SDI) ngezidingo ezizodwa zabafundi.
> Umthombo:
> Ubunzima beBongo kuBantwana. Association of Injury Association of America. http://www.biausa.org/brain-injury-children.htm.