Umntwana Wakho Kwiiveki Ezilishumi Eli-Elidala

UKathleen Huggins, encwadini yakhe ethi Nursing Mother's Companion, ubiza ixesha ukusuka kwintsibini yesana ukuya kwinyanga yesithandathu ngokuthi 'Ixesha loMvuzo.' Uyichaza "njengolonwabo kwaye unomvuzo," xa "abaninzi oomama baziziva bekhululekile kwaye banentembelo.

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Imiba yokuxiliswa

Sekunjalo, nangona ukunyamezela kudla kakuhle xa umntwana wakho uneminyaka emithathu ubudala, usenokuba ungena kwiingxaki ezinjenge:

• ekwenzeni ubisi oluninzi lwebele - oku kudla ngokumangalisa kunomama osondezayo ababengumdla wokuba babengenayo ubisi obaneleyo . Ngoku, ngokukodwa xa umntwana wabo elele ubusuku bonke, banokufumana ukuba banesisombululo esininzi sesifuba kwaye baziva bexakeke ngelixa belinde umntwana wabo ukuba asondle kwakhona ekuseni. Kule meko, kunokuncedisa ukuncelisa esiswini esisodwa kwisondlo ngasinye, ukutshintshana rhoqo ngexesha lakho umhlengikazi wakho umntwana. Kwaye ke, ukuba uziva ugcwele okanye unxilongwe, uveza ngesandla okanye uphakamise ubisi lwebele olusuka kwelinye isifuba phakathi kokutya.
• Ulwaphulo lwabongikazi - oluyintsana olunqwenela ukunyamezela ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuhluke kakhulu kwintsana ekulungele ukutshatyalaliswa, okwenzeka ngokubanzi ngokuthe ngcembe.
• Ukufumana ubunzima bokunciphisa umzimba - umntwana oneminyaka engama-3 ubudala kufuneka athole ubuncinane isiqingatha sesine ngosuku. Ukuba umntwana osondezayo ulahlekelwa isisindo okanye akafumani isisindo esifanelekileyo, kunokuthi kuba engabongikazi ngokukhawuleza okanye ngenxa yokunikezela ubisi lwebele lwebele. Ngandlela-thile, umcebisi wezilwanyana kunye / okanye umcebisi we-lactation unokunceda umntwana ukuba atye kakuhle okanye aphuculise ubisi lwebele lobisi.
• ukubuyela emsebenzini - oko kungabangela imiba yokunikezela ubisi, ingakumbi ukuba unina onamahlengikazi akaqhubeki xa esebenza.
• ngononophelo kuluntu - njengokuba oomama abancancisayo baqala ukuthatha abantwana babo emphakathini njengoko bekhula, ukuncelisa kuluntu yinto enokwenza izi ziko zilungele ngakumbi.

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Baby Massage

Ukuxilwa kwebantwana kudlalwa njengendlela ekhethekileyo okanye unyango lokunciphisa i-gas okanye i-colic, kodwa kunokuba yinto ejabulisayo yokwenza xa ufuna ukuhlalisa okanye ukudlala nomntwana wakho.

Ezinye zeengxelo ezixeliweyo zokusasaza umntwana ziyakunceda umntwana wakho:

• Phola
• udibene nabanakekeli bakhe
• ukuthetha kakuhle kunye nabanakekeli bakhe
• ukulala kangcono
• kunciphisa intlungu

Yaye ke, ukuxilwa komntwana kunokuba yinto emnandi kumzali ukuba ayenze nomntwana wakhe.

Ukufundiswa kweMntwana yokuThambisa

Enye indlela elula yokuqalisa ukusilalisa umntwana kukufunda incwadi, njengencwadi eyaziwayo - Ukuntshontsha kweNtana, Incwadi Yabazali Abathandekayo nguVimala Schneider McClure okanye i-Baby Massage, i-Strokes Ekhuthaza Ukukhula Okusempilo nguSuzanne Reese.

Unokufunda nokuhlalisa umntwana ukususela kumfundisi oqinisekisiweyo kwi-International Association of Infant Massage.

_Imithombo

> Ukuhlalisa umntwana kunye nosana lokudlala: ukukhuthaza ukuthintela kunye nokuvuselela ebuntwaneni. UMose K - U-Nursing - 01-JUN-2005; 17 (5): 30-2.

> Ukuhlalisa umntwana: unomthi ohlala njalo. I-Pigeon-Owen K - Umbelekazikazi we-Pract - 01-SEP-2007; 10 (8): 27-9, 31.

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I-Travised Tear Conduct

I-duct ye-tear blocked iyenzeka xa umbhobho ongekho phantsi, okhupha iinyembezi kwiso ngaphakathi ekhaleni, uvalwe (ngenxa yeziganeko ezinjenge-ntsholongwane okanye ukuxhatshazwa) okanye, ngokuqhelekileyo, kuvinjelwe ekuzalweni (ukukhulelwa komzimba ongasenanto).

Intsana ephethe i-tear tracking will often:

• banamehlo
• unamehlo avela enqabileyo kwaye ehluthwe ngokukhutshwa, kuba impahla ye-mucoid evame ukuveliswa kwesikhwama esikhankqalazayo ibuyele ejongeni, kunokuba idityaniswe ngodonga ongenawo umlomo kwimpumlo
• unobomvu obusondele kwamehlo akhe ngenxa yokuba uyabaxhaphaza kakhulu

Ngethamsanqa, amaninzi amatyala adibeneyo aphukayo ayedwa, kodwa kude kube ngoko, unyango lunokubandakanya:

• ukusilalisa okungaqhelekanga, apho uhlalisa khona ikona langaphakathi lempumlo yengane yakho ukuya kwezihlandlo ezi-3 ngosuku
• ukucoca naluphi na ukukhutshwa okanye umcimbi emehlweni ngento yokuhlamba efudumeleyo
• I-antibiotic iso ijonge xa ​​ukukhutshwa kwamehlo kuthatha ngokweqile, kufana ukuba kufuneka uyisuse ngaphezu kwama-2 okanye amathathu amaxesha ngosuku
• I-antibiotiki yomlomo ukuba umntwana wakho akhulise iimpawu ze-dacryocystitis, isifo esinokubangela ukuba i-tear trap iguqulwe, ibomvu kwaye ibuhlungu

Ukuba umntwana wakho uvale ukukhupha i-tear does not go away, ngokukodwa ngexesha eli-9 ukuya kwinyanga ezili-12 ubudala, unyango olongezelelweyo nge-non -crimal duct probing luyimfuneko. Kule nqubo, i-ophthalmologist yezilwanyana iya kufaka iprobe kwi-tray nasolamalmal, ukuzama ukucima nayiphi na into evimbela ukuhamba. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-stal ye-canalicular stent, uhlobo lwesitampu se-silicone, ifakwe kwi-duct necrimal if it continues to be obstructed.

_Imithombo

> Ukuvandlakanywa nokulawulwa kwesithintelo somzimba esingazalwanga ngumntwana. UKapadia MK - Otolaryngol Clinic North Am - 01-OCT-2006; 39 (5): 959-77, vii.

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Iingcebiso Zokuncedisa Abantwabantwana - Inkohlakalo

Umntwana wakho unokuba nomkhuhlane ngoku ngoku.

Nangona abazali bahlala bexhalabisa ukuba umntwana wabo unokuba ne-pneumonia xa bekhwehlela, izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokubangelwa ukukhwehlela kubantwana abancinci ziquka ubanda obuqhelekileyo, i- croup , i-RSV, kunye ne-allergies.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubaluleke kunokuba kukho ukukhohlela komkhonto kungakhathaliseki ukuba umntwana wakho unayo nayiphi na impawu. Ezi ezinye iimpawu zinokukunceda ukuba ukuba umntwana wakho unesimo esibi esibangela ukukhwehlela, kwaye ingaquka:

• ukuphefumula okanye ukuphefumula kanzima
• u bunzima
• umkhuhlane
• nciphisa ukutya

Unyango lweCough

Ngelishwa, kunye nazo zonke izithintelo kunye nezilumkiso kumayeza abandayo abandayo, akukho naziphi na izikhubekiso zokukhwehlela kubantwana abancinci. Oku kusenokukushiya nezinye iimpawu zonyango ezibonakalisiweyo xa usana lwakho lukhwehlela, njenge:

• usebenzisa i- hummidifier cool .
• ukuthatha umntwana wakho kwindawo yokuhlambela, ukuvala umnyango nokuguqula onke amanzi ashisayo ukudala ibhotile, kwaye uvumele umntwana wakho aphefumule umphunga ofudumeleyo. Oku kunokukunceda xa umntwana wakho evuka phakathi kobusuku kunye nomkhonto ofana ne-bark of croup .
• ukumnika izinto ezipholileyo ukusela, njengejusi, ngaphezu kwendlela yokutya rhoqo yobisi lwebele okanye ifomula yeesana esomeleleyo
• ukuphonononga isicwangciso sesenzo somntwana we-asthma kunye nokunikezela kwakhe imithi xa unesifo sesifuba kwaye ucinga ukuba kubangelwa ukukhwehlela

Kwaye ekubeni ukukhwehlela komntwana kunokuba kubangelwa yimpumlo ye-runny kunye ne-post-nasal drip, kunokukunceda ukubeka amaconsi amancinci emanzini emntwaneni wakho, anokuncedisa ukunqanda i-mucus ekhaleni lakhe. Lindela umzuzu okanye ezimbini, uze uyisondeza nge-aspirator yangasese eyenzelwe iintsana.

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IVEKI I-Q & A-Ukukhusela iiNtsholongwane zendlebe

Ukusulelwa kwindlebe kwiintsana kuyinkatha evamile kunye nexhalaba kubazali.

Ngethamsanqa, unokuthatha amanyathelo athile ekuncedeni amathuba okunciphisa amathuba omntwana wakho wokufumana izifo ezininzi. Ngokutsho kwe-American Academy of Pediatrics, enye indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko wengane yakho yokufumana intsholongwane yindlebe kukunciphisa nje ukuba kuninzi iindayo kunye nezifo eziphezulu zokuphefumula. Oku kunengqiqo kuba izifo zentloko zihamba kunye okanye zilandela ukubandayo. Indlela yodwa yokunciphisa umngcipheko wengane yakho yokubanda kubambeka kude kwezinye iigulane ezigulayo, kodwa akusoloko isetyenziswa, ingakumbi ukuba umntwana wakho usekuhlaleni.

Ezinye izinto ezinokunceda ukunciphisa inani leentlobo zonyango zomntwana wakho enokuthi unakho ukulawula ngaphezulu ziquka:

• Ukuncelisa umntwana wakho ubuncinane ngeenyanga ezintandathu
• ungayifaki ibhotile yakho umntwana xa esela
• ukuthatha okanye ukunciphisa ukuba umntwana wakho usebenzisa i-pacifier emva kokuba sele eneminyaka ezintandathu ubudala
• ukungafuni ukubhema kumntwanakho, ugcine engqondweni ukuba nokuba utshaya ngaphandle kwendlu yakho xa umntwana wakho engazange azungeze inokunyusa umngcipheko weentlobo zokuthethelela indlebe
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana isitofu sokugonywa kwe-pneumococcal conjugate ( Prevnar ), enokukunceda ukunciphisa izifo
• ukufumana umntwana wakho umkhuhlane udutshulwa ngonyaka ngamnye ngexesha lexesha lomkhuhlane

I-AAP ithetha ukuba izifo zentloko zingaphumelela kwintsapho, ngoko kuya kuba yinto enhle ukwenza okusemandleni akho ukunciphisa umngcipheko wengane yakho yokusuleleka kwindlebe ngenxa yokuba omnye umntwana wayeninzi kwaye wayedinga iibhubhu zendlebe.

_Umthombo

> I-AAP yeziKliniki zokuSebenza. Uxilongo noLawulo lwe-Acute Otitis Media. PEDIATRICS Vol. 113 Ngo-Meyi 2004, iphe. 1451-1465.

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Izinyo Zokuqala Zengane

Okumangalisa kukuba, ixesha lokufika kwezinyo lokuqala lomntwana lwakho litshintshile kakhulu.

Nangona umyinge ophakathi kokufumana izinyo zokuqala zintsana ziinyanga ezi-6, ezinye iintsana azifumani izinyo zokuqala zinezinyanga ezili-14 okanye ezili-15 ubudala. Abanye banokuqala ukuzithoba kwaye bafumane izinyo zentsana ezincinane kwiinyanga ezintathu.

Amazinyo aphantsi, amabini aphakathi aphakathi (a incisors) aqhele ukuza kuqala, alandelwe ngamazinyo aphezulu, aphakathi aphakathi. I-incisors yesikhokelo, amazinyo e-canine, yokuqala, kwaye emva kwemizuzu yesibili iya kulandelwa de onke amazinyo angama-20 angamazinyane ngexesha lakho umntwana uneminyaka engama-2 ukuya kwe-3 ubudala.

Gcina ukhumbule ukuba abantwana abaninzi abawulandeli lo mzekelo oqhelekileyo kwaye amazinyo abo angena ngokungaqhelekanga.

Ukuxuba

Abazali bavame ukucinga ukuba abantwana babo bahamba xa beqala ukuhlambalaza nokubeka iminwe yabo emlonyeni xa bephakathi kweenyanga ezi-3 okanye ezine.

Nangona kunjalo, oku kudla ngokuba yinto eqhelekileyo yokuphuhliswa kwaye ayikho into enokuyenza ngayo. Ngamaxesha amaninzi, nangona iintsana zinezibonakaliso zokuqala eziqhelekileyo, aziyi kufumana iinto zabo zokuqala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa okanye ngamanye amaxesha kungabikho abaneminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka. Ngoko ude ubone izigulane ezivuvukileyo okanye ukuba inyoya yokuqala ifike kuyo, nayiphina impawu inokuba yinto engafanelekanga.

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Isaziso seMpilo - Ukungaphumeleli

Ootitshala bezilwanyana kunye nabazali bavame ukusebenzisa iitshathi zokukhula ekuhloliseni umntwana kakuhle umntwana kunokunceda ukuqonda indlela abafumana ngayo ubunzima.

Ukungaphumeleli

Nangona ininzi iintsana zifumana ubunzima, nokuba zihamba okanye zisezantsi kwitshati yazo yokukhula kancinci, ezinye iintsana zithwala ubunzima okanye ezingabonakali kakuhle. Ezi zintsana zinezinto ezibizwa ngokuba zingaphumeleli (FTT) kwaye ngokubhekiselele kuNelson Textbook of Pediatrics kuya kufumaneka ukuba nokwanda "ukukhula ngaphantsi kwe-3 okanye 5 ye-percentile okanye utshintsho ekukhuleni oluye lwawela ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zokukhula kwama-percentile. "U

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho akafumaneki kakuhle, qiniseka ukuba uthethe kwinqanaba lakho lezingane, ngubani onokubangela isizathu esibangele. Ukuba ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana unqabile ukuba umntwana wakho uyehluleka ukuphumelela, iimeko apho umntwana wakho unokuvavanywa zingabandakanya, kodwa azikhawulelwanga:

• iingxaki zesisu - i-reflux, isifo se-celiac, ukunganyameki kokutya kunye nokugula, i-malabsorption, izifo zesibindi
• iingxaki ze-endocrine - i-hypothyroidism, isifo sikashukela, ukunyuka kwehommone yokukhula, kunye neengxaki ze-adrenal
• izifo - isifo sofuba, uGawulayo, isisu esiswini kunye neentsholongwane zebhaktheriya
• Ukukhathazeka kwentliziyo kunye nemiphunga - isifuba, ukuphelelwa yintliziyo ye-congstive, i-cystic fibrosis, ukuphazamiseka kokulala kwe-apnea
• Izimo ezihlukeneyo - izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane, i-chromosomal engafanelekiyo, i-syndromes yokuzalwa, inetyhefu, umhlaza, iingxaki ezingapheliyo

Ukongezelela kwezi meko zonyango ezingakhokelela ekuphumeleleni, abantwana banokukwazi ukulahleka ubunzima okanye ukufumana ubunzima obubi xa bengakhange banikwe ngokwaneleyo ukutya (ukuhluleka kwengqondo kwengqondo ukuphumelela).

_Imithombo

> Ukungaphumeleli Ukuphumelela. I-Behrman: Nelson incwadi yeePediatrics, i-17.

> Ukungaphumeleli. UKrugman SD - Am Fam Physician - 1-SEP-2003; 68 (5): 879-84.