Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ootitshala bangaphumelela njani ukufundisa igumbi lokufundela elipheleleyo labafundi? Sonke siyazi ukuba umntu ngamnye uhlukile, ukuzisa amava abo kunye nezakhono ezahlukeneyo eklasini. Yongeza kule migaqo ezama ukugcina abantwana abaneziphene ezahlukeneyo kwiiklasi eziqhelekileyo kangangexesha elinokwenzeka, kwaye kufuneka uzibuze ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ufundise igumbi elipheleleyo labafundi esikolweni namhlanje ?
Ngethamsanqa, iindawo zokuzwakhiwa kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso zinikezela iingcamango eziphantsi kweSizwe soPhuhliso lweSizwe, esibizwa ngokuba yi-UDL. I-UDL yinkqubo yoyilo eyenza ukufikelela okulungileyo kunye neziphumo kubo bonke abantu. Injongo yongomfundi-nokuba ngaba banezakhono ezingekho, iimfuno ezizodwa, eziqhelekileyo okanye eziphambili-ukufunda ukuze bahlangabezane neemfuno zabo.
Uvelaphi UDL?
I-UDL isekelwe kwimpembelelo yendalo yonkqonkqo kwezobugcisa, ngokukodwa kwiindawo zoluntu. Le ntshukumo izama ukukwenza iindawo zifikeleleke kwaye zisebenziseke kubo bonke abantu, kuzo zonke izakhono, ngaphandle kokuba zilungelelanise isikhala kamva. Esikhundleni sokuyila isakhiwo kwaye ucinge ngokufikelela ekupheleni kwenkqubo yoyilo malunga nendlela yokongeza iinkcukacha zokufikelela ezifana nezikhampasi zamasondo ezinamavili okanye ukufakwa kwezixhobo ezizodwa, inkqubo yoyilo yaqala ukucinga ukuba isakhiwo sonke sifanele sifumaneke kubantu abaninzi.
Ingongoma ephambili ekuyiyilweni yendalo yonke kukuba inkqubo yoyilo ayizami nje ukwandisa ukufikeleleka kwabo bakhubazekileyo kunye nabangaphandle, uzama ukuyila ngokufanelekileyo wonke umntu. Ulwakhiwo lwendalo yonke lusetyenziswe kakuhle ukulungelelaniswa kwabantu abanokukhubazeka.
Yintoni iDL kwiMfundo?
I-UDL iyisethi yemigaqo ekhokelayo esetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwekharityhulam kunye nezifundo ukusuka kumanyathelo okuqala ukwenzela ukuba inani elikhulu labafundi liyakwazi ukufunda ngokufanelekileyo nangakumbi. Inkqubo yoyilo ikhokelela kwizixhobo eziguquguqukayo kunye nezifundo ezinokusetyenziswa ngabo bonke abafundi. Utshintsho oluthile lufuneka luyenziwe ngexesha loqeqesho, njengoko ikharityhulam yayikwakhiwe ukuba iguquke.
I-UDL ithatha ukuba umqondo ngamnye womfundi uhlukile. NgokweZiko leSizwe kwi-Universal Design Learning, uphando lwe-Neuroscience lufumene amanethiwekhi amathathu ahlukeneyo okufunda. Uqeqesho lwe-UDL lunikeza iinketho ezininzi zokufikelela kwinethiwekhi nganye ukuze wonke umntu afunde ngendlela engcono kakhulu yokuba:
- I-Network Recognition : Le ntanethi yengqondo yomfundi ifuna ukwazi oko kufundwayo. Esikhundleni sokufundisa kuphela abafundi abavela kwincwadi yokunyathelisa, abafundi banikezwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iintetho ezivakalayo okanye iincwadi zomsindo, imidwebo ebonwayo okanye imifanekiso.
- I-Skills kunye neNkqubo zoNxibelelwano : Le ntanethi idibanisa indlela yokufunda, okanye indlela umfundi anokubonisa ngayo oko bakufundileyo. Izinketho zingaquka ukunika ingxelo yomlomo, ingxelo ebhaliweyo, ukulungiselela icandelo levidiyo, okanye ukwenza umzekelo obonisa izinto eziphathekayo.
- Ukunakekelwa nokuThuthukiswa kweNethiwekhi : Le nethiwekhi ithetha ukuba kungani izakhono kunye nezinto ezifundwayo zifundwa. Oku kudlalwa njengento yokubandakanya, okanye ukubandakanyeka kwimiba. Abafundi banokutshintsha ngokukhethekileyo kwizinto eziza kubagcina banomdla. Abanye abafundi banqwenela ukuba nesicwangciso soqhelo sokuzibandakanya izinto, ngelixa abanye abafundi bafuna iindidi ezininzi kunye nethuba lokuzama. Abanye abafundi baya kukhetha ukufunda kweqela, kanti abanye baya kukhetha ukusebenza bodwa.
I-UDL izama ukujongana nesekhonkco ezintathu kwisifundo ngasinye kumfundi ngamnye. Ngale ndlela, abafundi abayikwazi kuphela izinto ezifundiswayo, baya kuqonda ukuba kubaluleka okanye luncedo, nokuba ungasetyenziswa njani.
Abafundi abanokukhubazeka okubonakalayo bangasebenzisa iindlela zokuhlola, abafundi abazabalazela ukuhlela izinto zokusebenza bangakhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokusebenzisa izakhono zabo, kwaye abafundi abafuna ukuthula ukuze bafunde okusemgangathweni bangasebenzisa umoya ozolileyo-ngoko bonke abafundi baya kubona iimfuno zabo ezidibeneyo.
UDL kwiKlasi
UDL inikeza isakhelo sokwenza izifundo okanye iiyunithi. Ootitshala baqala ngokuchonga iinjongo zokufunda kubo bonke abafundi babo. Iinjongo zokufunda zidla ngokusekelwe kwimilinganiselo yokufunda kunye nokulindela okuchazwe sisikolo okanye urhulumente. Imizekelo ibandakanya ukufunda enye yemigangatho yemigangatho echazwe kwiMigangatho yoLuntu oyiNtloko .
Emva kokuba iinjongo zokufunda zichazwe, utitshala ukhetha iindlela zokufundisa eziya kunciphisa izithintelo zabafundi bawo ngelixa ukwandisa ukufikelela kwiintanethi ezintathu ezichazwe ngasentla. Izindlela zisekelwe malunga nendlela yokubonelela ngayo into efanelekileyo.
Utitshala uya kuphinda ahlolisise izixhobo eziceba ukuzisebenzisa kwisifundo. Izixhobo ze Curricula ezenziwe ngokusekelwe kwiinqununu ze-UDL zenzelwe ukuba zilungelelanise, ziguquguquke kwaye ziguquke. Izinto zihlala ziquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentetho kunye neefomathi. Cinga ngeencwadi zezifundo ngeekhowudi ze-QR kumaphepha, ukwenzela ukuba abafundi bakwazi ukufikelela kwimiboniso yevidiyo kwithebhulethi ekhoyo eklasini. Iikhomputha zekhompyutheni zingaba nemibuzo ngaphakathi kwesifundo sesitayela se-movie esitshekisha oko abafundi abaye bafunda kwaye banika uncedo xa kuyimfuneko.
Isinyathelo sokugqibela uvavanyo-kodwa ungacingi ngolu vavanyo lwesimo esifanelekileyo . Iimvavanyo ze-UDL zenzelwe ukunika ingxelo ngokukhawuleza kwinkqubo yokufunda ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi badibana nenjongo yangaphambili. Ootitshala banako ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwangoko ukugcina bonke abafundi bekhompyutheni.
Ngenxa yokuba ukuhluka kunye nokuguquguquka kubandakanywa ukususela ekuqaleni, ootitshala banokutshintsha lula ukufundisa kwabo phakathi kwesifundo.
Ngubani osebenzisa i-UDL?
I-UDL isakhelo esithandwayo kwizikolo zikarhulumente ezinezifundo ezihlukeneyo zabafundi kunye nabafundisi bezemfundo ezizodwa. I-UDL iyavumelana nabafundi, ngexesha langempela njengoko kuyimfuneko, kunokulindela abafundi ukuba bavumelane nezixhobo. Nangona le ndlela inganceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa nezizodwa bayakwazi ukufunda, iDL iyindlela enamandla kubo bonke abafundi.
Ootitshala bangaphumelela uqeqesho oluhluka ngobude nobunzulu bokusebenzisa iDL kwiiiklasi zabo. Uqeqesho oluyisiseko oluchaza imigaqo kwaye lunikezela ngokukhawuleza ukucwangciswa kwesifundo usebenzisa iDL lunokufundiswa kwiiyure ezimbalwa, ngelixa uqeqesho olunzulu luya kufakwa kwifomathi yeklasi yeklasile.
Imigaqo ye-UDL ingasetyenziselwa kwangaphambili kwiiklasi zeeklasi. Iingcamango zingasetyenziselwa umsebenzi kumashishini okanye olunye uqeqesho lwamacandelo abucala.
Kutheni Kutheni Abazali Kufanele banakekele?
I-UDL yindlela efanelekileyo yokuba ootitshala bafundise kwiqela elikhulu labafundi. Ingaba umntwana wakho unokukhubazeka, imfuno ekhethekileyo, iyafana okanye iqhubekile, unokuqiniseka ukuba umntwana uyafumana iimfuno zabo ezidibeneyo xa ootitshala basebenzisa iDL kwiiiklasi zabo.
Abazali abaninzi namhlanje banengxaki yokuba umntwana wabo akafumani iimfuno zabo ezidibeneyo xa ootitshala kufuneka bahlangabezane neemfuno zeklasi elipheleleyo labafundi. UDL yintoni eyenza kwenzeke. Esikhundleni sotitshala onokwenza izifundo ezininzi kubafundi abaninzi, ukulungelelaniswa kwakha kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ngaba i-UDL ngokwenene iXesha eliQhathaniswayo lokuHlala kweMali?
Ewe. Nangona i-UDL kunye nokwahluka kwababini izicwangciso zokufikelela kubo bonke abafundi, kukho ukungafani okubalulekileyo. Ukuhlukana yindlela yokuba ootitshala benze isifundo sifumaneke ngakumbi kwiqela labafundi elingafikelelwa ngokunyusa okukhethwa ngabafundi. Ukwahlukana kufakwe kwisicwangciso sesifundo kwiinqanaba zokugqibela zocwangciso.
Imigaqo ye-UDL ifakiwe ukusuka ekuqaleni kokucwangciswa kwesifundo, ukubuyela kwinqanaba lokuchonga injongo yokufunda. Imigaqo ye-UDL yenzelwe ukufikelela kubo bonke abafundi, ngelixa ulwahlulo lubandakanya abafundi kwimpuma ekupheleni kwenkqubo.
Fumana ukuba iSikole Somntwana Wakho Sisebenzisa iDL
Buza! Hlola notitshala womntwana wakho ukuba abone ukuba basebenzisa i-curricula eyenziwe yi-UDL okanye baye bafumana uqeqesho kwi-UDL yokucwangcisa isifundo. Ukuba isikolo somntwana wakho singasisebenzisi iDL, unokufuna ukubuza ukuba zeziphi iindlela abazisebenzisayo ukufikelela kubo bonke abafundi kwiiklasi zabo.
> Umthombo:
> "Malunga ne-UDL." Iziko leSizwe kwiNkcazo yeSizwe yokuFunda . Iziko leSizwe kwiNkcazo yeSizwe yokuFunda, 22 Julayi 2015.