Ukunyuka kwamatye ukusuka kwi-3 ubudala Ngama-21
Njengabo bonke abafundi esikolweni kwinkqubo, abantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa bahamba ngeenguqu eziphambili njengoko bangena esikolweni sokuqala, esikolweni, esikolweni esiphakathi, esikolweni esiphakeme, nasekugqibeleni ukuba babe ngabantu abadala.
Kubantu abatsha kwiiprogram zemfundo ekhethekileyo, nangona kunjalo, ezi ziguquko aziyinyathelo elilula ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo kwizinga lezemfundo. Ziquka ukucinga okukhulu, ukucwangcisa, ukuphonononga, ukuphanda, ukudibana, ukuxubusha kunye nokunye ukuphikisana.
Abazali kufuneka basebenze namaqela okucwangcisa isithili sabo ukuba baqinisekise ukuba aba bafundi baneenkonzo kunye neenkxaso ezifunekayo ukwenzela ukuba ezo zinguqu ziphephe kwaye ziphumelele.
Ukwazi ukuba yiyiphi imicimbi njengoko ubhekana nayo nganye yeenguqu kunye nomntwana wakho, kwaye ukwenza umsebenzi wesikolo sakho ukuba ube nolwazi oluchaphazelekayo kunye neqela elichaphazelekayo, kuya kukunceda ube ngummeli onamandla kwaye osebenzayo kumfundi wakho .
Utshintsho: Ukungenelela kwangaphambili kwi-Special-Education Pre-K
Eyesithathu kukuzalwa okukhulu kubantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa. Ngaloo nto ibaluleke kakhulu ukuza kutshintshwa koxanduva lwezonyango kubaboneleli bokuqala bokungenelela kwisithili sakho sasekuhlaleni. Nangona umboneleli wakho we-EI unokukwazi ukukunika ulwazi malunga noko ufanele ukwenze kwaye uncedise ukuguqula utshintsho, kuya kufuneka usebenze kwaye uxhumane kakuhle nesithili sakho esikolweni ngaphambi kokuba umakaki weminyaka.
Ubuncinane inyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho ahlasele i-0-3 enkulu, qhagamshelana neSebe lezemfundo ekhethekileyo yesithili sakho kwaye ubuze malunga neenkonzo ezineminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Cacisa ukuba umntwana wakho useNkundleni yokuPhucula. Uya kufuneka uqhutywe uvavanyo olwenziwa yikomiti yesifundo somntwana wesithili somfundi ukuba uqinisekise ukufaneleka komntwana wakho kwimfundo ephakamileyo yemfundo, kwaye oko kuthatha inyanga eziliqela. Ekubeni iinkonzo ze-EI ziya kuphelisa ukuba ukubekwa kwe-Pre-K yakho yomntwana kulungile okanye akunjalo, uya kufuna ukuzama ukukhusela ixesha elide.
Ukuvavanya makube kumnandi kumntwana wakho. Iziphumo zinokukukhathaza. Akunakuze kube lula ukuva ukuba umntwana wakho ulibazisekile kwaye ufuna iinkonzo okanye ukuba afumane ingxelo enkulu yeoli malunga nokuba uncedo olunjani olufunekayo. Kodwa i-school school kumele ibe yithuba elihle kumntwana wakho kokubili ukufumana unyango kunye noluntu.
Yiyiphi imfundo ekhethekileyo yemfundo yasesikolweni ibukeka njengabantwana abaneminyaka emithathu ubudala iya kuhluka ngesithili, kwaye kuyafaneleka ukucela ukuba ukhangele uhlobo lokufundela umntwana wakho. usuku lwesikolo elifutshane. I-Busing kufanele ifumaneke; unokufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso somntwana wakho siquka isihlalo somoto esinikezelwayo, ingakumbi ukuba umncinci wakho unethambo ephantsi.
Kukho iikholeji zemfundo ezizodwa zemfundo zasesikolweni ezineminyaka emithathu ubudala kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka emine ubudala, kwaye emva koko, kuya kufuneka kwenziwe isigqibo malunga nokuba ubeka umlinganiselo wakho umntwana ngemfundo ekhethekileyo kwaye luhlobo luni lodidi lwesibini luya kuba lufanelekile . Okwangokunje, nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka emithathu, naziphi na iileyibhile ezisebenzisiweyo kwinkqubo yokuhlola ayinamathele. Abantwana abaninzi baya esikolweni esikolweni esikhethekileyo kwaye baqhube phambili befunda kwimfundo. Thatha eli thuba ukunika umntwana wakho uncedo olongezelelweyo kunye nenkxaso kule minyaka encinane kakhulu yokwenza, kwaye ubone apho ukhona xa iphelile.
Utshintsho: I-Special-Education Pre-K kwi-Kindergarten
Xa umntwana wakho esondela kwisikolo sakho kwisithili sesikolo sisetyenzisiwe njengendawo yokuqala yesifundo somntwana - mhlawumbi, iminyaka emihlanu ubudala - ixesha lokucinga ngokubhekiselele kwishintsho. Kwabaninzi abantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa , oku kuya kuthetha ukuguquka kwiprogram yeprogram ukuya kwiprogram yesibini. Kwakhona kunokuquka ukutshintshwa kwimihla ekhethekileyo ukuya kwixesha elipheleleyo, ukusuka kolunye isikolo ukuya kwesinye, okanye ukusuka kwelinye uhlobo lwesicwangciso semfundo ukuya kolunye.
Olu tshintsho lunokuba lukhulu njengoko kuthatha isigqibo sokuba umntwana wakho akafunanga iinkonzo ezizodwa zemfundo kwaye ulungele ukuqhubela eklasini eliqhelekileyo ngaphandle kohlengahlengiso.
Okanye kunokuba luncinci njengoko kuthatha isigqibo sokuba umntwana wakho akakulungele ixesha elide, kwaye uya kuzuza omnye unyaka kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo zokufunda esikolweni.
Uya kuncedwa ekwenzeni isigqibo ngeqela le- IEP ekufuneka libandakanye utitshala womntwana kunye nabaphili beengcali, umcebisi wezefundo, intlalontle, kunye neengqondo zengqondo. Umntwana wakho uya kufumana olunye uvandlakanyo olululo, kunye nokuhlelwa ngokusemthethweni kwimfundo ekhethekileyo ukuba loo ndlela ibonakala ifanelekileyo.
Ngaphambi kokuba unike izimvo zakho ngaloo nto, qiniseka ukuba unolwazi. Cela ukuba ubone ezinye zeendlela ezikhoyo kumntwana wakho . Ukutyelela igumbi lokufundela ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo kwaye ucinge ngokucacileyo malunga nokuba umntwana wakho uya kulungele njani kuloo ndawo. Yenza okufanayo kwiklasi yokufundela ngokwanele, okanye omnye ootitshala ababandakanya. Buza ukuba iindawo ezahlukileyo ziyahluka njani kwiindawo ezahlukileyo, kwaye ujonge ezo zikhetho. Ukuba kukho ukuphakanyiswa kwesigqeba esingaphandle kwesithili okanye into ongathanda ukuyilandela, tyelela ezo ziko.
Ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuthetha nomntwana malunga nento ayithandayo nokungazithandiyo malunga nokufunda, qaphela ukuba kukho naziphi na izinto ezikhethwa kuzo malunga nokuba ungaphi na okanye ngubani ofuna ukuba naye. Ingxoxo enyanisekileyo nomfundisi wengane yakho, ngokunjalo, ngamandla kunye nobuthathaka bomntwana wakho kwiimeko ezahlukahlukeneyo, kwaye ufumane oko utitshala ancomela kwaye kutheni. Utitshala ungowesibili kuphela kwixesha elichithwe kunye nomntwana wakho, kwaye mhlawumbi unengqiqo yezinye iiklasi kunye nendlela abaye basebenzela ngayo abanye abafundi.
Oku kuluhlu olukhulu, olubalulekileyo, ukuba uqiniseke, kodwa akuyintlekele ukuba awukufumani kakuhle okokuqala. Akusizwanga ukuba abafundi bezemfundo eziqhelekileyo banokulibaziseka isibhakabhaka ngonyaka okanye bathabathe xa kukho ukukhula okunye okufunekayo. Emva kokuba wenze isigqibo malunga nokuba umntwana wakho ufanele ukuya phi eminyaka emihlanu, hlala phezulu kwimeko. Vula ukuvuleka kwimeko ekungatshintshi izinto ezingasebenzi okanye ukulungiswa ukubeka indawo enokuba neenqwenelekayo okanye ukungabi naso isifuba.
Njengoko umntwana wakho eqala ngokusemthethweni kwindlela ende yesikolo, uqala kwindlela ende yokuvakalisa isikolo. Zizo zinto zizoyikrakra kodwa zizaliswe ngamathuba ngokunjalo. Lungisa ukwenza ubuninzi balo.
Utshintsho: Isikolo sokuqala esikolweni kwisikolo esiphakathi
Xa umntanakho ehamba kwiindawo ezizimeleyo zezikolo eziprayimari kwizikolo eziphambili nakwiiphakamileyo eziphambili, kukho utshintsho olukhulu - zombini nomfundi wakho omncinci kunye nawe. Njengomzali, usenokuba ushiye abafundisi abakhethekileyo namalungu ekomiti oye wazakhela ubudlelwane nabo. Kwiminyaka yengane yakho esikolweni saseprayimari, usenokuba wafunda indlela yakho malunga nenkqubo kwaye uqikelele oko kusebenza kuloo ndawo, kwaye ngoku iimeko ziya kutsha.
Njengoko umntanakho enza ukuba utshintshelo kuma-grade aphezulu, angeniswa kwiintlanganiso kaninzi kwaye anikwe ithuba lokuba negalelo kwiiplani ezizayo. Unyaka wesikolo wakho umntwana uhamba nge-14, i-IEP kufuneka iqulethe izicwangciso zenguqu ephakamileyo kwisikolo esiphakamileyo, kubandakanywa naziphi iikhosi ezithatyathwayo kwaye yeyiphi na i-post-secondary education okanye ingqesho engayilandelayo. Ngelo xesha, usenokungacingi ukuba ungaphila esikolweni ngosuku olulandelayo, kodwa kukufanele uqikelele oko ufunayo kweso sicwangciso, kwaye yintoni umntwana wakho ekufuneka athi xa ebuzwa.
Ekubeni i-IEP iya kucetywa liqela esikolweni umntwana wakho ehambayo, unokufumanisa ukuba abasebenzi abenza isicwangciso abazi lutho malunga nezinto ezikhoyo apho, okanye ukuba yeyiphi indawo yokuhlala kuyo umntwana. Yenze loo ndawo yakho yobuchule ngokudibana nootitshala okanye abalawuli kwisikolo esilandelayo. Qaphela ukuba isikolo sakho esiphakeme sinomququzeleli wenguqu onokuhlangana nawe esikolweni esitsha, xubusha imiba enokufuna ukuyiqwalasela kwi-IEP, mhlawumbi uze uze kwiintlanganiso ze-IEP kwaye unikezele ngelizwi elisebenzayo.
Qinisekisa kwakhona ukuba izixhobo ze-IEP esele zisiwe - ezifana nokuhamba ngebhasi, i-one-one-paraprofessionals, iincwadi zezifundo ekhaya, ukuya kwiiklasi kumaxesha athile, okanye izicwangciso zokuziphatha - ziqhubela phambili IEP entsha. Qinisekisa ukuba unyango oluqhubekayo kwinqanaba linikezelwe ngaphambili, okanye, ukuba kuncitshiswa ukunciphisa, fumana ingcaciso ecacileyo yokuba kutheni kwaye kwaye kuya kulawulwa njani. Faka incwadana yomzali ukuze bonke ootitshala abatsha abangakwaziyo okanye umntwana wakho bafumane isingeniso ngokukhawuleza.
Ekugqibeleni, sebenze nomntwana wakho ukwandisa izinga lakhe lokuthuthuzela kunye nesikolo esikhulu esitsha esinoyikisayo. Buza ukuba unako ukuzisa umntwana wakho ukutyelela ngaphambi kokuba isikolo siqale. Ukuba isikolo sinikela ngenkqubo yehlobo, fumana ukuba kukho indlela yokufaka umfundi wakho kuyo ukuze ahlale eqhelana nesakhiwo esitsha. Nangona le nkqubo ayifanelekanga, ukuba isikolo sivulekile kwaye siphelile, unokukwazi ukulungiselela ukuzisa umntwana wakho ukuba ahambe ngeenxa zonke emini.
Awukwazi ukufumana ukuba ngubani umphathi wakho wecala kwisikolo esitsha ukuya emva kokuba unyaka wesikolo sele uqalisile, kodwa wenze le mibuzo kwaye uzenzele ngokukhawuleza njengoko unako. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, cwangcisa intlanganiso ukuze ujwayelane kwaye wabelane ngolwazi malunga nomntwana wakho. Ingaba ushiye ulwalamano oluhle kwisikolo esidala okanye ubalekele olubi, leli thuba lokuqalisa ngokutsha njengomzali onomdla kwaye onomdla. Isikolo esitsha kukwawe, nawe.
Utshintsho: Isikolo esiphakamileyo ukuya kubadala
Ukuqala kwiminyaka eyi-16, i-IEP yengane yakho ifanele ifake izicwangciso zokutshintsha ukusuka esikolweni esiphakeme ukuya ekolishi okanye emsebenzini. Umntwana wakho uya kubuzwa into ayenethemba lokuyenza ngekamva lakhe, kwaye kuya kuba yinto efanelekileyo yokuba uxoxe ngelo xesha. Ukuba umntwana wakho akakwazi ukucinga ukuba kude kangakanani okanye wenze ezo zicwangciso, qalisa ukwenza uphando ngokwakho malunga neenkqubo ezifanelekileyo. Ukuba isikolo sakho esiphakeme sinomququzeleli wenguqu, loo mntu unokuba luncedo olukhulu ekukujongeni ngolwazi kunye neenkonzo.
Ingaba umntwana wakho uya kushiya isikolo esiphakeme kunye nediploma okanye isatifikethi sokugqiba sinokuxhomekeka kwimithetho kwilizwe lakho ngelo xesha. Ngokunyuka kweemfuneko zokuhlola iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zokufunda isikolo esikolweni esiphakeme, abanye abafundi abaneemfuno eziziimfuno ezizenzekelayo bazifumana bengakwazi ukwenza okufunekayo ukuze bafumane eli phepheni elibalulekileyo. Kungenzeka ukuba ufumane ukuxolelwa ekuvavanyweni, kwaye yinto enokufuna ukuyibonisana nomfundi wakho wezemfundo ozikhethekileyo.
UMthetho wezemfundo ekhethekileyo wase-US ucacisa ukuba umntwana wakho unelungelo lokuFundela iZiko likaRhulumente leMahla kunye neLungelelwano ngunyaka wesikolo apho ajika khona ukuya kutsho kuma-21, okanye ade aphumelele. (Iintsuku zokuzalwa zentsuku zibalwe ngunyaka wesikolo esedlulileyo.) Ngoko umntu wakho omncinane unokuhlala kwisikolo esiphakamileyo ngelixa abantwana beontanga baphumelela kwaye baqhube phambili. Unako ukufumana isatifikethi kwixesha elifanelekileyo lokugqiba elifanelekileyo kwaye uhlale kwiiklasi ukuqinisa ubomi okanye izakhono zomsebenzi. Xoxa ngale mibuzo kunye nomncedisi kunye nomququzeleli wenguqu, naye.
Nangona umntwana wakho unelungelo lokuhlala esikolweni esiphakeme kude kube yimihla esemthethweni, akumele kube njalo kwiminqweno yakhe. Esi sinqumo esimele senziwe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zomntwana ngamnye , kungekhona kwiinkqubo zesikolo ezivakalelwa ukulungiselela okanye indawo esikolweni efuna ukuyisindisa. Abantwana abanokulibaziseka okuphuhliswayo banokuzuza kwixesha elongezelelweyo kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo nezikhuselekileyo zezikolo eziphakamileyo, kwaye loo minyaka eyongezelelweyo inokukunceda ekubanjweni kwezemfundo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoko iikholeji ziba nobungane kubafundi abakhubazekileyo kunye neenkqubo zomsebenzi ziya kuba ngaphezulu kweendawo ezisemgangathweni, kunokukho iinzuzo zangempela ukuxhuma.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uya kufuna iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo emva kokugqitywa kwezifundo, uya kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba ubhaliswe kunye nee-arhente kwimeko yakho ezibonelela ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokugqiba. Kwakhona, umququzeleli wesikolo sakho esiphakamileyo kufuneka akwazi ukubonelela loo ngcaciso.
Nangona ukutshintshwa kwesikolo kungaba yinto eyoyikisayo, jonga kwicala elikhanyayo: Akukho mihlangano ye-IEP!