Umntwana wakho uthatha uvavanyo lwe-IQ kwaye ufumana amanqaku emva. Ufunda ukuba umntwana wakho, ngesilinganiso se-IQ sama-150, uwela kwibala eliluhlu. Ithetha ntoni le nto? Ngaphambi kokuba uqonde oko kuthetha ntoni kumntwana ukuba abe nekhono elihle (okanye elinobuchule obuncinane, okanye unesakhono esinzulu), kufuneka uqonde ukuba ziphi iimpawu ze-IQ ezimele.
Indlela i-IQ izikolo ezilinganiselwa ngayo
I score ye-IQ yi- Intelligence Quotient .
Lo ngumlinganiselo wengqondo , ngokuyinhloko kwikhono lomntu lokuqiqa. Ukuphakama kwamanqaku, umkhono omkhulu wokuqiqa umntu.
Ukuba sithatha amanqaku onke e-IQ kwaye siwaceba, siza kubabona besasazwa kwikhondo eliqhelekileyo lentsimbi. Oko kuthetha ukuba amanqaku amaninzi aya kuwela kwindawo ethile kweso senzeko sensimbi. Amanqaku kwiziko elipheleleyo le-curve ye-bell yi-100 kwaye yilapho esinokulindela khona amanqaku amaninzi okuwa, okanye apho aya kufakwa khona.
Njengoko amanqaku asuka kwimimiselo (100), siya kufumana amanqaku ambalwa kunye ambalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenza amanani anentsingiselo, kufuneka sikwazi ukulinganisa ukuhlukahluka kwamanqaku. Leyo yinjongo yokuphambuka okuqhelekileyo, okukuthi, ngokulula, amanqaku aphakathi kwamanqanaba avela kwimimiselo. Abafundi basisigxina banquma ukuphambukiswa okuqhelekileyo kwedatha ngefomula ethile.
UkuPhelelwa koMgangatho
Emva kokuba uqonda ezi ziphumo kunye nendlela ezihambelana ngayo kwikota yebell, unokukwazi ukuqonda kakuhle iindidi ezahlukeneyo zobungakanani.
Kutheni kubalwa amanqaku phakathi kwe-115 no-130 abonwa njengabafundi abanezandla? Kutheni kubalwa amanqaku angama-131 kunye nama-145 anesipho esinamandla? Impendulo ixhomekeke ekuphambukeni okuqhelekileyo kokusabalalisa iinqununu ze-IQ kwi-curve yentsimbi.
Ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kwiimvavanyo ezininzi, kubandakanywa novavanyo lwe-Wechsler IQ, ubuninzi bee-test (malunga nama-70 ekhulwini).
Oko kuthetha ukuba amanqaku amaninzi aphakathi kwengu-85 no-115. Leyo manqaku ithathwa ngokuba "ngumyinge" okanye uluhlu lwengqondo oluqhelekileyo.
Ukugqitha kwamanani ukusuka ku-100, abantu abambalwa esiya kufumana ngala manqaku. Ukuba sithutha enye yokuphambuka efanelekileyo engezansi kunye nokuphambuka komgangatho owongeziweyo ngaphezulu kwe-100, siya kufumana malunga neepesenti ezingama-25 zamanqaku awela kuloo miqolo. Ngamanye amazwi, abantu abaneIQs phakathi kwe-70 no-85 kunye no-115 no-130 benza malunga nama-25 ekhulwini labantu.
Okushiya kuphela malunga neepesenti ezi-5 zoluntu eziza kuba neendawo ezithile ngaphaya kwezo zimbini zokuqala eziphambene nomgaqo.
Iintlobo zeGalati
Abantu bahlala befuna ukucoca bonke abantwana abanezakhono kwiqela elinye, becinga ukuba bonke aba bana baneemfuno ezifanayo. Akukho nto ingaba kude ne nyaniso. Indlela efanelekileyo yokuqonda umahluko kwiimfuno zala maqela ahlukeneyo kubantwana kukuqwalasela ukuba bakude kangakanani kwimimiselo ye-100:
- Unomphefumlo onobubele: 115 ukuya ku-129
- Ilungelo elilinganayo: 130 ukuya ku-144
- Ephakamileyo: I-145 ukuya ku-159
- Ngaphandle kwemifanekiso: 160 ukuya ku-179
- Ngokugqithisileyo: 180
Ukuba ukhangelela amanqaku kwiqela ngalinye, uya kuqaphela ukuba uluhlu ngalunye lubonisa ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kumgangatho oqhelekileyo.
Ukuze uqonde umehluko omnye ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kunokukwenza, qwalasela amanqaku angaphantsi kwe-100.
Ukuphambuka komgangatho omnye kwicala le-100 kungaphakathi kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo, okanye ububanzi obuphakathi. Hambisa phantsi enye ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kwaye uhambe kwindawo efanelekileyo yokusebenza kwengqondo (70 ukuya ku-84). Abantwana abanamanqaku kweli nqanaba banelungelo lokufumana iinkonzo ezizodwa zemfundo. Ukuhla komnye ukuphambuka okusemgangathweni kusisithatha kumlinganiselo wexesha elilinganisiwe (55 ukuya ku-70). Ingaphezulu kwamanqaku omntwana avela kumgangatho oqhelekileyo, ngakumbi uya kufuna iinkonzo ezizodwa zemfundo.
Ngoku uye kwindlela eyahlukileyo ukusuka kwi-100.
I-IQ isikolo ukuya kweyodwa ukuphambukiswa okuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwe-100 kuthathwa njengesiqhelo, okanye umyinge. Hambisa uphambuko olulodwa oluqhelekileyo kwaye uluhlu olunezintlu. Oko kuthetha ukuba umntwana onamaqela angama-130 uhlukile kumntwana one-IQ ye-100 njengowomntwana one-IQ yama-70, amanqaku afanelekileyo afanelekileyo kumntwana kwiinkonzo ezizodwa. Hambisa enye ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kwaye sithuthela kwibanga elinobuchule ngokulinganayo (130 ukuya ku-144). Uluhlu olufanayo kolunye uhlangothi lwe-100 luluhlu olulinganisiweyo.
Akukho titshala oya kukholelwa ukuba ngamnye umntwana onayo i-IQ naphantsi kwe-70 ufuna iinkonzo ezifanayo zezemfundo ukuba bonke abantwana abakuloluhlu bangadinga. Ukuphambuka komgangatho ongaphantsi kwe-100 kunentsingiselo. Azinasicacisi xa ziphakama ngaphezu kwe-100.
Iingqalelo malunga neIQ izikolo
Uvavanyo lwe-IQ alukho isayensi. Kungase kubonakale ngale ndlela ngezinye izihlandlo, kodwa akunjalo. Iziphumo ezivela kumvavanyo ziqikelelwa ngokwenene ngokusetyenziselwa uvavanyo lomntu ngosuku oluthile. Kukho rhoqo umda wephutha. Amanqaku "okwenene" angaphakamileyo okanye angabancinci, nangona kunjalo kwindawo ethile yomda wephutha.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba amanqaku aya kutshintsha kakhulu. Okokuthi, umntwana ofumana amanqaku angama-140 akafumananga loo mvuzo kuba "unomhla omuhle." Abanye abantu banokuxelela abazali ukuba ngaba bantwana babo, kodwa oko akunjalo. Amanqaku aphezulu afunyanwa ngumntwana kuya kuba yindlela ebonakalayo engcono ye-IQ yomntwana (ngaphakathi kwinqanaba lephutha). Umyinge omyinge awukwazi ukufumana amanqaku aphakamileyo ngenxa yokuba wadla isidlo sakusasa sakusihlwa kwaye wayeziva efanelekileyo ngaloo mini.
Igama elivela kwi-Verywell
Nangona i-IQ iimvavanyo zihlala ziqela abantwana kwiindidi ezithile, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba umntwana ngamnye uhlukile. Kukulungele ukugcina engqondweni ukuba izikolo ze-IQ aziklanyelwe ukuba zilungelelanise impumelelo yomntwana, ngoku okanye ngokuzayo. Nangona unokuba uvuyo okanye udidekile ngeziphumo , zama ukuzigcina ngendlela ebonakalayo kunye nophuhliso lwabantwana bakho kunye neemfuno zokufunda ngamnye.
> Umthombo:
> Sternberg RJ, uKaufman SB. I-Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence. ENew York, NY: iChamridge University Press; 2011.