Indlela i-GDM ethinta ngayo oomama, iintsana, kunye neNkqubo yokuzalwa
Abafazi abakhulelweyo abanesifo sikashukela bangaba nokukhulelwa okunempilo kunye neentsana eziphilileyo. Isiphambili kukugcina isifo sikashukela phantsi kolawulo ukunciphisa okanye ukukhusela iingxaki. Isifo sikashukela esiyinkimbinkimbi sisona, ingxaki ezingabangela. Nangona isifo sikashukela sifanele silandelwe ngokusondeleyo, ukuba silawulwa kakuhle kunye nokutya, ukuzivocavoca, kunye nemithi xa kuyimfuneko, akunakwenzeka ukuba yinto enzulu njenge-diabetes yesandulela ngculaza ngaphambi kokuba ikhulelwe.
Kakade, kusekho ingozi. Isifo sikashukela, njengezinye iintlobo zesifo sikashukela, kunokukhokelela ekuzalweni kwangaphambi kwexesha kunye nezinye iingxaki, ingakumbi ukuba ingahambi.
Yintoni Isifo Sikashukela?
Umzimba wakho usebenzisa ushukela wamandla. Ushukela luphuma egazini lakho luya kwiiseli zomzimba wakho ngoncedo lwehomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin. Emva kokuba ushukela usele iiseli, uguqulwa kumbane okanye kugcinwe. Kodwa, ukuba umzimba awuwenzi ngokwaneleyo i-insulin, okanye ayikwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin kakuhle, ngoko ushukela unenkathazo yokunyuka kwiiseli kwaye uhlala egazini. Amazinga aphezulu ashukela egazini abizwa ngokuba yi-diabetes mellitus. Isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela (GDM) sisifo sikashukela esilalayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Emva kokuba ukhulelwe, isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela sihamba, kwaye amanqanaba eshukela egazi abuyele ejwayelekile.
Kutheni i-Gestational Diabetes Yenzelwe Ukwandisa Amathuba Wokuzalwa Okusesikweni?
Iingxaki ezibangelwa ngamanqanaba aphezulu ashukela egazini zinganyusa umngcipheko wokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba umngcipheko wokunikezelwa kwangaphambi kweso sifo ngenxa yesifo sikashukela sikhulu kakhulu xa umama eba nesifo sikashukela ngaphambi kweveki yama-24 yokukhulelwa. Emva kweveki yama-24, amathuba okuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa ahla.
Indlela isifo sikashukela esithintekayo sisithinta ngayo iintsana
Kukho ubuninzi beengxaki ezinokubangelwa kwisifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela, okunye kunzulu kunabantwana bakho:
- Macrosomia: Ishukela elongezelelweyo kwigazi lomama lidlulisela kumntwana wakhe. Ingakhokelela ekukhuleni okugqithisileyo kunye nomntwana omkhulu kunomntwana oqhelekileyo.
- Iingxaki zokuhambisa: Ngenxa yobungakanani obukhulu bomntwana, ukulimala ngexesha lokubeleka njengamahlombe athatyathwa (dystocia) , ukuphuma ekhanda (inkunkuma yesigxina), okanye i-oxygen ephantsi (hypoxia) inokwenzeka. Ukuhanjiswa kungaphinda kufune ukusetyenziswa kwe-forceps okanye i-vacuum , kwaye amathuba oku- c-candelo aphezulu kakhulu.
- I-Hypoglycemia (ushukela ophantsi wegazi): Usana lomama onesifo sikashukela lenza i-insulin eyongezelelekileyo ukuphatha yonke iswekile leyo umama adlula kuye xa ekhulelwe. Emva kokuzalwa, ukunikezwa kweswekile kumama kunqunyulwa, kodwa umntwana usenza i-insulin engaphezulu. I-insulin eyongeziweyo yinto eninzi kakhulu kwaye iphakamisa izinga lokushukela kwegazi eliphantsi kakhulu.
- Ukuxinzezeleka kokuphefumula: Kwiiveki ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe, imiphunga ikhula kwaye ivelise into ebizwa ngokuba yi-surfactant. Iingubo ezingapheliyo iingxowa ezincinci kwimiphunga kwaye zigcina zivutha xa umntwana ephefumula. Ukuba usana luzalwa ngokukhawuleza, imiphunga yakhe ingaba yintsana kwaye ingenayo i-surfactant eyaneleyo. Kodwa, ekubeni isifo sikashukela sinokunciphisa ekuvelweni komsebenzi osebenzayo, kunye neentsana ezipheleleyo zentsuku ziyakwazi ukuphefumula .
- Iingxaki zokutya : Ukuguqulwa kwesantya, ishukela eliphantsi kwegazi emva kokuzalwa, kunye nokuphefumula ubunzima kunokukwenza ukondla kunzima.
- I-Polycythemia: Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana uza kuzalwa enezinga eliphakamileyo leeseli ezibomvu ngenxa yecama elinesifo sikashukela. Ingenza igazi libe likhulu, kwaye lingaba negalelo ekuphefumuleni iingxaki kunye ne-jaundice.
- Ukungenakulungeleka kwamaplaza: Iingxaki ngepentecenta kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-oksijini kunye nezondlo ezingenakwenzeka kwi-gestational diabetes, ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala kwi-pregesational diabetes. Kodwa, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukuba isifo sikashukela siza kusasa kwaye singalawulwa, imiba ye-placental ingakhokelela kumntwana omncinane kunomntwana oqhelekileyo kunye ne- IUGR .
- I-jaundice: Ukuchithwa kwamaseli obomvu kudala i-bilirubin. Xa kukho ininzi ye-bilirubin okanye umzimba awukwazi ukuwukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, inqanaba le-bilirubin egazini likhuphuka lenza ukuba ulusu kunye namehlo abukeke njengelinen . Iintsana zoomama abanesifo sikashukela zingathatha ixesha elide ukufumana i-bilirubin eyongezelelweyo emzimbeni wabo ukuba ingekafiki, ingaphezulu kunomyinge, okanye ibe neshukela eliphantsi kwegazi.
- Ukuxhalabisa kwexesha elide: Kanye kunye neengxaki zokungcoliswa kwangaphambili okanye ukulimala kokuzalwa, kukho nethuba elikhulu lokuhlakulela isifo sikashukela kunye nokugqithisa emveni kwexesha.
Indlela isifo sikashukela seGestational sithinta ngayo oomama
- Umngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuhlisa ezinye iinkalo zempilo ezifana nokunyuswa kwegazi kunye ne- preeclampsia
- Ithuba elikhulu lokuhambisa i- preemie
- Kungenzeka ukuba ube necandelo le-c ngenxa yokubeleka kwangaphambili, iingxaki, okanye umntwana omkhulu
- Umngcipheko omkhulu wokufumana isifo sikashukela kwakhona ngesinye ukhulelwe
- Ukwandisa amathuba ohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile
Ngubani othe wafumana isifo sikashukela ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela sinokuphuhliswa nayiphi na ibhinqa nanini na ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, amathuba okufumana i-GDM akhuphuke xa unemiba elandelayo mngcipheko :
- Ukugqithisa
- Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25 ubudala
- Ukukhulelwa kwesifo sikashukela ekukhulelwe kwangaphambili
- Umntwana ongaphambilini owayengumdala wexesha lokuguga
- Imbali yePolycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS)
- Isithotho esininzi (ukhulelwe ngaphezu komntwana omnye)
- Intsapho yembali yesifo sikashukela
- Imvelaphi yesizwe esinomlinganiselo ophezulu wesifo sikashukela esinjenge-Afrika yaseMerika, isiNative American, isiqithi sase-Pacific, isiAsia, okanye isiSpeyin
Uyakwazi Njani Ukuba Unesifo Soshukela?
Ekubeni iingcaphephe zibonisa ukuba isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela sichaphazela ukuya kuma-9 ekhulwini lokukhulelwa, ukuhlolwa kwamabhinqa onke kwenzeka ngexesha lonk Ezinye zeendlela ugqirha wakho azakukujonga ngayo isifo sikashukela sesifo sikasifo siquka:
- Ukuthatha iMbali: Ugqirha uya kuthetha nawe malunga nosapho lwakho kunye nembali yezokwelapha ukugqiba ukuba unomngcipheko ophezulu.
- Uvavanyo loMzimba: Uvavanyo olwenziwe ngogqirha lungenza ugqirha uyicacise ngempilo yakho yonyango kwaye ubonakalise nayiphi na imiqondiso kunye neempawu zeshukela ephezulu zegazi okanye ukuxhatshazwa kwe-insulin.
- I-Glucose Igalelo legazi: Ishukela legazi elizila ukudla elingaphezu kwama-126 mg / d, ishukela legazi elingagqiranga elingaphezu kwama-200 mg / dL, okanye i-HA1C ye-6.5 ekhulwini okanye amanqaku aphezulu kwiGDM kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ithetha ukuba uya kufuna iimvavanyo ezongeziweyo .
- Uvavanyo lwe-Glucose Challenge: Ngaphapho phakathi kweveki ye-24 neye-28 yokukhulelwa, ugqirha uya kuyala uvavanyo lokuhlola. Uza kusela ishukela elitsha, ngoko uza kuvavanywa ngegazi emva kweyure ukubona indlela umzimba wakho ubamba ngayo iswekile. Ukuba iziphumo zibonisa iimfuno zokuvavanywa kovavanyo, uya kuba novavanyo olufanayo, kodwa uvavanyo olude lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lomlingo lwe-glucose ukunyamezela (OGGT).
Yintoni Ongayenza Ngendlela Yokuxilongwa KweSifo Soshukela
Ukuba ugqirha wakho akuxelela ukuba unesifo sikashukela, uza kuhlolisiswa ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela iingxaki. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenzayo uzama ukugcina amanqanaba eeshukela egazi phantsi kolawulo ngokulandela la manyathelo:
- Funda indlela yokuvavanya amanqanaba akho ashukela egazi.
- Ukuzivocavoca kunye nokutya okunempilo ukugcina ushukela wakho phantsi.
- Unokufuneka uthabathe amachiza ukuba amanqanaba eeshukela egazini awakwazi ukulawulwa ngokutya kunye nokuzilolonga kuphela.
- Yiya kuzo zonke izithuba zokubeletha kwakho emva kokubeletha uze ulandele iingcebiso kunye nemiyalelo enikezelwa ngumboneleli wakho wezempilo.
Yintoni Okufanele Uyenze Emva kokuba umntwana wakho Azalwe?
Jonga ugqirha wakho. Qhubeka ulandele ugqirha wakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuba isifo sikashukela sakho sisifo sikashukela. Ukuba ayenjalo, ugqirha uya kuqhubeka nokubeka iliso lakho iswekile kwaye akuphathise uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela.
Gcina impilo ephilileyo. Qhubeka udla ukutya okunempilo kwaye usebenze rhoqo. Ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga kunokugcina ishukela legazi kwiimilinganiselo ezinempilo kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wokunyanyisa nokuphuhlisa uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela kwixesha elizayo.
Ukuxiliswa. Ukubeleka kukhuselekileyo nokuba ngaba izinga lakho leswekile legazi lihlala liphezulu emva kokukhulelwa . Isifo sikashukela asilimazi ubisi lwebele . Ngakumbi, ukuncelisa kukunceda wena kunye nosana lwakho. Akunako kuphela ukukunceda ulahlekelwe isisindo , kodwa kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wohlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-2 wena nomntwana wakho kamva ebomini.
> Imithombo:
> DeSisto CL. Uqikelelo oluqhelekileyo lwesifo sikashukela esikhatywayo eMelika, > ukukhulelwa > inkqubo yokubeka ingcinezelo yengozi (PRAMS), 2007-2010. Ukukhusela izifo ezingapheliyo. 2014; 11.
> Gomella TL, Cunningham MD, Eyal FG. I-Neonatology: ulawulo, iinkqubo, kwi-call, iingxaki. Mc Graw Hill & Lange. 2013: 844-9.
> Hay WW. Ukunyamekela usana lomama wesifo sikashukela. Iingxelo zesifo sikashukela zamanje. 2012 Feb 1; 12 (1): 4-15.
> Hedderson MM, uFerrara A, ii-Sacks ze-DA. Isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela kunye namazinga aphantsi okukhulelwa kwe-hyperglycemia: ukudibana nomngcipheko okhulayo wokuzalwa kwangaphambili. I-Obstetrics kunye neGynecology. 2003 Oktobha 31; 102 (4): 850-6.
> Ngai I, Govindappagari S, Neto N, Marji M, Landsberger E, Garry DJ. Isiphumo sokukhulelwa xa isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela sifumaneka phambi okanye emva kweveki ezingama-24 zesisu. I-Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2014 Meyi 1; 123: 162S-3S.