Kukho iingcamango ezininzi apho malunga nabazali abangabodwa - kunye nabazali abangatshatanga. Ngokomzekelo, kukho abantu abakholelwa ukuba "abaninzi" abanomama abangakhethayo ukuphakamisa abantwana babo bodwa, abaqeshwanga, kwaye bafumana uncedo lukaRhulumente. Nangona ibali ngalinye leentsapho lihlukile, abaninzi abanakuxhaswa kwezi zizathu. Xa uhlola idatha ye-US Census, amanqaku angamazali angabodwa anokumangalisa. Makhe sijonge ...
Abazali abangabodwa ngeNombolo
Ngokwe-Custodial Mothers no-Fathers kunye neNkxaso yabo yoNyana: 2009, ingxelo ekhishwe yi-US Census Bureau njalo kwiminyaka emibini (kunye neyekusandula ngoDisemba 2011), kubakho ababazali abangabodwa abangama-13.7 eMelika namhlanje, kwaye abo bazali unoxanduva lokukhulisa abantwana abayizigidi ezili-22. Eli nani limele malunga nama-26% abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-21 e-US namhlanje.
Nangona iimeko ezingenakucinga ukuba amaninzi omama "ngokuzingca" bakhetha ukukhulisa abantwana babo , ininzi yabantu abakhulisa abantwana kuphela baqalisa ukusebenzisana kwaye abazange balindele ukuba ngabazali abangabodwa. Nantsi umfanekiso "ongumzali" ongatshatanga, ngokutsho kwe-US Census Bureau:
Ungumama ongabodwa
Ukucinga ukuba abaninzi abazali abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabodwa. NgokweDatha yoLwazi:
- Phantse i-82.2% yabazali abaxhomekeke kumama, kwaye
- I-17.8% yabazali abaxhamliweyo (malunga neyoku-1 ngo-6) bobawo
Uqhawule okanye Ulwahlukileyo
Ukucinga ukuba "uninzi" oomama abangatshatanga nabangashadile kwasekuqaleni bangamanga. Kuomama abazali abaxhasiweyo:
- 44.2% ngoku baqhawule okanye bahlukaniswe
- Ama-36.8% awazange atshate
- 18% batshata; Kwiimeko ezininzi, la manani amele abesetyhini abatshatile kwakhona
- 1.1% abafelokazi
Kuobawo abazali abaxhamlileyo:
- Ama-53.5% ahlukanisile okanye ahlukaniswe
- 24.7% abazange batshatile 1
U sebenza
Enye incamango malunga namama angatshatanga kukuba abaninzi banqeshwanga. Kwakhona, loo mbono ayinyani ngokwemali yolwazi.
- U-76% wokugcina unina ongatshatanga unomsebenzi oqeshwe ngokufanelekileyo (53.2% usebenze ixesha elipheleleyo unyaka wonke, kwaye i-22.8% isebenze ixesha elilodwa okanye inxalenye yonyaka)
- U-85.1% wokugcina ootata abangabodwa babaqeshwe ngokufanelekileyo 2
Yena kunye nabantwana baKhe abahlali kwiNtlupheko
Enye intsapho yomzali ongasweleyo yintlupheko ininzi kakhulu, kodwa ngokubhekiselele kwi-US Census data, intlupheko ayiyinto evamile kwiintsapho ezininzi zabazali abangabodwa. Ukukhusela oomama abangatshatanga nabantwana babo, ngelishwa, banokuphindwa kabili ukuba baphile ngobumpofu njengabantu bonke. Ngokwezibalo:
- Ngo-2009 i-14.3% yabantu bonke base-US bahlala beswele
- I-30.4% yabantwana abangabantwana abangabantwana abangabodwa kunye nabantwana babo babehlala beswele
- I-18.8% yokuloba ooyise kunye nabantwana babo behlala ebuhlwempu
Awufumani Uncedo lukaRhulumente
Enye incamango malunga nomama ongatshatanga kukuba "uninzi" lufumana uncedo lurhulumente. Ngokutsho kwedatha ekhoyo:
- Ngonyaka ka-2009, i-41.3% yabamama abaxhasiweyo bafumana uhlobo oluncedo lorhulumente
- I-32.3% yafumana iSNAP (iNkqubo yoNcediso lweZondlo zoNondlo)
- I-6.8% yecala lokufumana umama omnye I-TANF (Uncedo lwexeshana kwiimindeni ezihluphekileyo)
- I-20.9% yootata abaxhasi bafumana uhlobo oluthile lunyango karhulumente
Uneminyaka engama-40 ubudala okanye ubudala
Enye incamango malunga nomama ongatshatanga kukuba "abaninzi" bancinci. Ngokutsho kwedatha ekhoyo:
- I-37.2% yabantwana abangabodwa abangamaqabane abangamaqabane abaneminyaka engama-40 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu
Ukhulisa omnye umntwana
Ekugqibeleni, enye incamango malunga nomama ongatshatanga kukuba "ininzi" ikhulisa abantwana abaninzi. Kwinyani:
- I-57.2% yabamama abasindayo bavusa umntwana omnye kumzali ongekhoyo
- 44.1% banabantwana ababini okanye ngaphezulu abahlala nabo
Nangona la manani anika umfanekiso, abaxeleli ibali langempela malunga nokuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ngumzali ongabodwa. Kuwo wonke amabali oweva malunga nomama okanye utata ongasebenziyo okanye ukusebenzisa kakubi ezinye izinto ezimbi, khumbula ukuba ezo ziphatha azibonakali ngokwenene iintsapho ezinomzali omnye. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi, ungayihoyi iimeko ezizeleyo uze wazi umama ongatshatanga okanye oonyana bakhe baya esikolweni esifanayo njengabantwana bakho. Amava esandla sokuqala yindlela eyona ndlela efanelekileyo yokukhupha le mibono ebanjwe ngokubanzi kunye nokwakha inkxaso yoluntu kwindawo yabo!
Ingxelo ye-Ofisi yoBalo be-Census ka-2009 ayizange ifake iinkcukacha malunga noomatshati okanye umhlolokazi ongenamzali oyedwa.
Ingxelo ye-Ofisi yoBalo be-Census ka-2009 ayizange ifake iinkcukacha malunga neepesenti zokulondoloza ootata abangabodwa abangaqeshwanga ixesha elizeleyo nalabo baqeshwe ixesha elilodwa okanye inxalenye yonyaka.
Iingxelo:
Eunited States. KwiSebe loLuntu. Ama-Mothers and Fathers kunye neNkxaso yabo yabantwana: 2009. NgoTimoti S. Grall. Ubalo lwabantu, ngo-2009. 24 Novemba ka-2013 [http://www.census.gov/prod/2011pubs/p60-240.pdf].