Iintshaba zifunda ukuhamba emva kwezona zininzi iintsana
Ukufunda ukuhamba kubaluleke kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umntwana. Kubazali bezithaba ezinokuthi babe nexesha elide le-NICU kunye neengxaki ezininzi zempilo, ukufunda ukuhamba kuyinqanaba elilindeleke ngokubhekiselele kwixesha eliqhelekileyo. Kubazali abaninzi, olu luphawu oluphambili lwentuthuko lokuphela kweentsuku zobuntwaba kunye nokuqala kweminyaka emfutshane.
Ngaba Iintshaba Zifunda Ukuhamba?
Phakathi kwezobini iintshaba kunye neentsana ezipheleleyo zexesha elide kukho ubuninzi bexesha elide apho abantwana befikelela kwimigangatho efana nokufunda ukuhamba.
Iingqatshulwa zophuhliso eziphambili zikhokelo eziqhelekileyo zokunceda abazali baqikelele malunga nexa abantwana babo baya kufunda izakhono ezintsha. I-preemie ephilileyo ne-NICU engabonakaliyo kwaye ayikho iingxaki eziphambili zezempilo ze-prematurity ziya kufunda ukuhamba ngokuhambelana nemigangatho ephambili yokuphuhliswa kweminyaka yakhe yokulungisa:
- Ngama-6 ukuya kwe-9 inyanga: Ngethuba le-preemie lifikelele kwiinyanga ezili-9 lilungise iminyaka, kufuneka ikwazi ukuma xa ixhaswa ngumzali okanye xa ibambelele kwipenitshala.
- Ngeenyanga ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12: Ngethuba le-preemie iinyanga ezili-12 ezilungisiweyo (unyaka owodwa emva komhla wakhe wokuqala), kufuneka akwazi ukukrazula kwinqenitshala yefenitshala okanye isikhalazo, kwindawo yokuma. Kufuneka kwakhona akwazi ukuhamba xa exhaswa ngumzali okanye xa ephethe into ethile.
- Ngeenyanga ezili-13 ukuya kwe-18: Iintshaba kufuneka zikwazi ukuhamba zodwa, zingabi ncediso kunye nezithende zazo zihlala phantsi, ngelixa zifikelela kwiinyanga ezili-18 zilungise iminyaka.
Xa uqhathanisa iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha kwisatifiketi sezinto ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso, khumbula ukuba usebenzise iminyaka yabo echanekileyo. Ubudala obuchanekileyo ngumntwana oza kuba nguye ukuba wayezelwe ngexesha. Umntwana oneminyaka engama-9 ubudala, kodwa wazalwa ezinyangeni ezimbini ekuqaleni, bekuza kuba ziinyanga ezili-7 ezilungisiweyo ubudala.
Kutheni Kuthiwa Abanye Iimfundiso Zokuhamba Ekuhambeni?
Nangona emva kokulungiswa kweminyaka yobudala, iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha ziyaziwa ukuba zifikelele kwizinto ezinzima, ngokuqhelekileyo, emva kwexesha elipheleleyo leintsana.
Ingaphambi kokubeleka lwakho umntwana okanye ngakumbi kunzima kwengxaki yezokwelapha ngexesha lokuzalwa, ukulibaziseka okukhulu. Ezilibaziseko zingabandakanya ukufunda ukuhamba emva kweentsana ezisesikhathini. Ngokomzekelo, iminyaka yobudala yokufunda ukuhamba iinyanga ezili-14.5 iintsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kweiveki ezingama-32, kunye neenyanga ezingama-13,5 zintsana.
Ukuba i-preemie yakho inayo okanye ibe neyiphi na ingxaki elandelayo, unokufunda ukuhamba kamva kunokuba kulindeleke:
- Wazalwa ngaphambi kweveki ezingama-27
- Isisindo sokuzalwa ngaphantsi kwe-750 grams (1 lb 11 oz)
- I-Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) okanye isifo esingapheliyo samaphaphu
- I-tonic muscle engenamandla (hypotonia)
- Umvakalelo yokitazo
- Izibhedlele eziqhelekileyo
- Inkxaso yezokwelapha ezibalulekileyo ekhaya ( inkxaso yokuphefumula , izibilini zokutya , njll)
Ukuxhalabisa
Ukuba umntwana wakho akafundile ukuhamba ngexesha lakhe ngabahlobo bakhe, zama ukunyamezela. Uninzi lwezithaya ziya kufunda ukuhamba xa zikulungele, ngexesha elilindelekileyo. Gcina udokotela wakho wezilwanyana unolwazi malunga neengxaki zamantombazana wakho ukuze ugqirha wakho angakunceda uqinisekise ukuba i-preemie yakho ikhula ngokuqhelekileyo.
I-preemie yakho ingadinga ukufundwa kwinqanaba lokunceda xa uhamba:
- Ayikwazi ukuthwala ubunzima bakhe ezinyaweni ngeenyanga ezili-9 zilungise iminyaka.
- Ubeka kwizwane zakhe ezinyangeni ezili-9 ulungiswe kwaye ubonakala engenakho ukuzisa izithende zakhe.
- Ayikwazi ukunyuka okanye ukukhahlela ngeklasi ngeenyanga ezili-12 ezilungise iminyaka.
- Awukwazi ukuhamba ngeenyanga ezili-18 ulungise iminyaka okanye uhamba kwizwane zakhe.
Abazali Bangayinceda Njani Iintshaba? Funda Ukuhamba?
Indlela enkulu abazali abangayinceda ngayo iintshaba zabo ukuba bafunde ukuhamba ngokukhuthaza umdlalo nokuzimela. Iintsana zifunda ngokudlala, ngoko yenza ukuba ukufunda kuhambele. Gwema abantwana abahambahambayo, ngokukodwa kwiintshaba. Abahambayo bakhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kobuhlungu beentlungu kunye nokuhamba ngeetekisi, ezinokukwenza ukufunda kuhambe kakuhle.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba abazali bahlakulele ubuhlobo obusondeleyo nezingane zabo zonyana. Iintsana ezisemandulo zidinga ukujonga ngokufutshane ngexesha lokuqinisekisa ukuba naziphi na ukulibaziseka kuba ziphumo eziqhelekileyo zokungcoliswa kwangaphambili okanye isizathu sokukhathazeka.
Ukusebenza nodokotela wengane yakho kunokukunceda ukuba wenze isigqibo njengethimba ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna iimpawu ezizodwa ezifana nophando lomsebenzi okanye unyango.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uyakufanelekela iinkqubo zokungenelela kwangaphambili , qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa. Ukungenelela kwangethuba kubandakanya unyango lomzimba kunye nokusebenza kwintsana eziyifunayo, ezinokunceda iintshaba zifunde ukuhamba ngexesha.
Imithombo:
ISikole saseMyunivesithi yeEyory University. "Izinto eziPhambili zoPhuhliso" http://www.pediatrics.emory.edu/divisions/neonatology/dpc/mileston.html
Bucher, H., Killer, C., Ochsner, S., Fauchere, J. "Ukukhula, Izinto eziPhambili kunye neengxaki zezeMpilo kwiMinyaka emi-2 yokuqala kwiintsana eziphambili kakhulu. I-European Journal ye-Pediatrics 2002: 161, 151-156
MA Marin Gabriel, et al. "Iminyaka yokuhlala engaxhaswa kunye nokuhamba ngokuzimeleyo ngobunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi kakhulu kwiintsana zokuqala eziPhuculo lweeMoto eziqhelekileyo kwiminyaka emi-2." I-Acta Paediatrica 2009: 98, 1815-1821.