Sibanzi
I-reflux ye-Gastroesophageal yenye yezona zixhaphakileyo, ezingaqondakaliyo, kunye neengxaki zokuphatha iingxaki ezinokuthi iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha. Uninzi lweintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha luya kuphuma ngaphandle kwe-reflux ngelixa liphuma kwi- NICU , kodwa ezinye iintsana ziya kufuna unyango lwexesha elide.
Uhluko phakathi kweGERD kunye neReflux
Kwi- reflux ye-gastroesophageal , okanye i- reflux efutshane, isiqulatho sesisu siphumela esiswini kwaye singena kwisigxina.
Xa usana luye lwahlaziya, ubisi luhlala kwindawo yesisu okanye umntwana usenokukhahlela. Uninzi lweziganeko azibangele naziphi na iingxaki, kwaye iintsana ziya kubakhokelela ngokuzalwa kwazo kokuqala.
Xa i-reflux inzima kwaye ibangela iingxaki, ibizwa ngokuba yi- gastroesophageal reflux isifo , okanye i- GERD . Uninzi lweintsana ezengaphambi kokuzalwa luphethwe yi-GERD ebangela iingxaki kunyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ngamanye amaxesha.
Elinye ixesha abazali abava ngayo "i-acid reflux." Oku kwenzeka xa ukutya okanye ubisi ezibuya kwakhona kwi-esopha. I-reflux ye-Acid ibangela ukugqithisa kubantwana nakubantu abadala, kodwa iintsana ngokuqhelekileyo ayinayo i-acid reflux kuba ukutya kwebisi rhoqo kunokunciphisa i-acids esiswini.
Iimpawu
I- infant reflux ekhuselekileyo inokubangela iingxaki ezininzi, ingakumbi kwiintsana ezizalwe kusenesikhathi kwaye zibe nezinye iingxaki zempilo zokungcoliseki. Iimpawu zeGERD kubantwana ziquka:
- Ukutshatyalaliswa: Iintsana ezine-reflux zinokubonakala zixakeka okanye zicaphukisa, ngakumbi emva kokutya. Bangabonakala bebuhlungu njengoko isisu singenalutho kwisitopu kwaye sitshitshiswe okanye siphala.
- Ukunyamezela kokutya: Ukunyamezela kokutya kukubonakalisa uphawu oluqhelekileyo lweGERD. Ezinye iintsana zingadinga ukusebenzisa i- formula ekhethekileyo esele igalelwe ngokusesikweni, ukunceda imizimba yabo igaye ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhusele ubisi obusalayo ekubuyeni sisisu.
- Ubunzima bokufumana ubunzima: Iintsana ezinokuqala kwiNICU zondla inani elithile lobisi elibalwe ukuqinisekisa ukufumana inzuzo enzima. Ekhaya, nangona, iintsana ezinokutshatyalaliswa kanzima zinganqabela ukunyusa okanye zithathe ixabiso elincinci xa zintlungu.
- Iingxaki zomphunga ezingapheliyo: I- GERD ingenza isifo esingapheliyo sesifo sepayipi, okanye singabangela iingxaki ezingapheliyo zamaphaphu. Xa ukutya kudla ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwisigxina, ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukuba ezinye zokutya zifakwe kwimiphunga. Oku kuyakuchukumisa izicubu ezincinci zamaphaphu kwaye kunokubangela ukuvuvukala okanye ukukhwehlela.
- Iziganeko ze-Cardiorespiratory: Kwiintsana ezimbalwa, i-reflux enamandla ingabangela i-apnea okanye i-bradycardia. Abasebenzi abaninzi be- NICU bavezela inani le-apneic okanye i-bradycardi evezwa yi-reflux, kwaye uphando oluninzi luye lwabonisa ukuba ininzi yeintsana ezinomdlavuza ongenayo i-apnea okanye i-bradycardia ngaphezu kweintsana ezingenawo.
Ukuxilongwa
Uninzi lwexesha, i-GERD kunye ne-reflux kwiintsana zifunyaniswa ngolu vavanyo kwaye ngabazali nabahlengikazi baqwalasela iimpawu zodwa. Ukuvavanya ngokubanzi akudingeki.
Unyango
Ukunyanga i-GERD kwiintsana kunokuba buhlungu kakhulu kubazali kunye noogqirha ngokufanayo. Nangona kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokonyango ezahlukeneyo, akukho namnye uphelele okanye uya kusebenza kuwo wonke umntwana.
- Ukunyamezela: ezininzi iintsana eziza kusengaphambili ziza kuhlahlela i-reflux ngelixa bephuma kwi-NICU. Njengokuba iintsana zikhula, isisu sazo siyakwazi ukugcina ukutya okuninzi, kwaye umzimba unako ukugaya ukutya ngokukhawuleza nangokucwangcisekileyo. Nangona kunzima kwiintsapho ukuthatha indlela "yokulinda nokubona", oku kudla ngokuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokusebenza.
- Isisu okanye ukuma endaweni ecaleni: Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukubeka iintsana kwizinzibo zabo okanye kumacala abo asekhohlo emva kokutya kunganciphisa inani leziganeko ze-reflux. Ngelishwa, olu hlobo lwesimo asikwazi ukwenza ukuba iintsana zisondele ukuya ekhaya, njengoko isisu sokulala sisandisa ingozi ye-SIDS.
- Ukuphakama okuphakamileyo: Ukugcina umntwana osondeleyo emva kokutya kunokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu. Nangona ezinye iintsana zineziganeko ezingaphezulu ze-reflux xa zithe zithe tye, zinokuba nezibonakaliso ezimbalwa kwezi ziganeko ukuba zigcinwe ngqo emva kokutya okanye zifakwa kwindawo ehleliweyo. Iintsana ezisencinane kufuneka zihlale zijongwa kwindawo echanekileyo yokukhusela i-airways.
- Ukutya okuxubileyo: Iimpawu zokuqhayisa ezongezelelweyo kwi-breastmilk okanye kwifomula ngamanye amaxesha unokunceda ubisi ukuba luhlale esiswini. Nangona i-rice cereal okanye abanye abatywalayo abangenayo ubisi banokunciphisa ukuhlanza, abayinciphisi inani elipheleleyo leziganeko ze-reflux.
- Amachiza: Amachiza okhathaza i-reflux ngamanye amayeza aqhelekileyo aqhelekileyo kwi-NICU, kodwa iinjongo ezininzi zibonisa ukuba la mayeza ayisebenzi kwaye abe nemiphumo emibi. I-Metoclopramide (Reglan) ingabangela iingxaki zokuhamba ezinzulu, kunye ne-ranitidine (iZantac) idibene ne-entocolitis ene-necrotizing (NEC) kwiintshaba kunye neenkqubo zokugaya iintsholongwane. Nangona zombini iyeza ziqhelekile kwii-NICU, akukho neyona mpu melelo echasene ne-reflux, ingakumbi kwiintshaba ezincinci. Funda kabanzi malunga nokuPhatha i-Reflux kwiintsana.
Ukujamelana
Ngelixa umntwana wakho useNICU, zama ukunyamezela kwaye umvumele ukuba akhule. Ukunyamezela kunye nexesha yiphilisi efanelekileyo kwiintsana ezininzi ezingaphambi kwexesha.
Ukuba umntwana wakho usondela ekukhutsheni kwaye usenokuba ne-reflux eninzi, thetha ugqirha wengane yakho malunga nokuba ufuna unyango. Ukuba umntwana wakho uyonwabile kwaye ukhula kakuhle, izixhobo zakho zasekhaya ezilula ziyakwazi konke okufunekayo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakala ebuhlungu, engakhuli kakuhle, okanye ukwala ukutya, uthetha ugqirha wengane yakho ngokuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango. Kungathatha ixesha lokushaya kwidibaniso elifanelekileyo lezithuba, imithi kunye nefomula ukunceda umntwana wakho, ngoko ukuphikelela kukubalulekileyo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho ungenye yeentsana ezingabonakaliyo ezine-apnea ezinxulumene ne-reflux, unokufuna ukuba uthathe i-monitor ye-apnea ukuze ugcine umntwana wakho ekhuselekileyo. I-apnea i-monitor isetyenziswe xa umntwana elele kwaye uya ku-alarm xa umntwana eshiya ukuphefumula okanye une-bradycardia.
Imithombo:
Clark, R kunye ne-Spitzer, A. "Ukunyamezela kuyinto entle kwi-Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux." Izifo zengqondo ngo-Okthoba 2009: 155, 464-465.
UDi Fiore, J., Arko, M., Herynk, B., uMartin, R., kunye noHibbs, M. "Ubungqina bemicimbi yeCrodiorespiratory Imicimbi Elandela i-Reflux ye-Gastroesophageal (GER) kwiintsana zokuqala." IiNcwadana zePerinatology Oktobha 2010: 30, 683-687.
Hardy, W. "Ukunciphisa i-Gastroesophageal Reflux kwiintsana zokuqala." Ukuqhubela phambili kwiNkonzo yokuNakekela iNoonatal ngoJuni 2010: 10, 157.
IHorvath, A., i-Dzlechclarz, i-P., ne-Szajewska, H. "Impembelelo yoNcedo oluthile-Ukutya okuNyango kwi-Gastroesphageal Reflux kwiintsana: Uhlolo lokuHlola kunye nokuhlaziywa kweMeta kweeNzululwazi, eziLawulwayo." Izifo zonyango ngoDisemba 2008: 122, e1268-e1278.
Malcolm, W., Gantz, M., Martin, R., Goldstein, R., Goldberg, R., kunye noCotten, C. "Ukusetyenziswa kweMithi ye-Gastroesophageal Reflux ekuphumeni phakathi kwezingane ezincinci zokuzala." Izifo zonyango uJan 2008: 121, 22-29.