Ngeminyaka emibili ubudala, wakho omncinci usephakathi kokuguquka ukusuka "kwintsana" ukuya "kumntwana." Oko kuthetha ukuba wenza izibonda ezinkulu ekuphuhliseni. Kwakhona kunokuthetha amaxesha amaninzi njengoko nifunde ukuhlawulela into entsha.
Kukho uluhlu oluqhelekileyo oluqhelekileyo kule minyaka, kodwa kukho ezinye iimeko eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo abantwana abafikelela kwiminyaka emibini kwimimandla ye:
- Izakhono zombane ezininzi
- Izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi
- Izakhono zobuchule okanye iingqondo
- Izakhono zobungqina
- Izakhono zoLuntu kunye neZemvakalelo
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KwiZakhono zoPhuhlisoElinye igama lingabalisela umntwana wakho ngolu hlobo: esebenzayo. Umntwana wakho oneminyaka elilodwa wayedla ngokuhamba, kodwa amandla angqongqo kunye nokulinganisela mhlawumbi wamgcina engangeni ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Oko akusengxaki. Enyanisweni, umntwana wakho unokuba ngumnqweno wokugcina umzimba wakhe uhambela ukuba kunzima ukumenza uhlale phantsi okanye ugxile kwinto enye ixesha elide. Kuqhelekile kule minyaka.
Ukukwazi komntwana wakho ukulawula ukunyakaza kwengalo kunye nomlenze kubonisa ukuba uphuhliso lwezakhono zamandla . Kwiminyaka emibini, oku kuthetha ukuba unokukwazi uku:
- Ukunyuka kakuhle (kubandakanywa phezulu nangaphantsi kwifenitshala)
- Hamba uye phezulu ezitebhisini (ubambe inkxaso)
- Ukushaya ibhola
- Yima kwii-tiptoes
- Thatha ithoyizi enkulu okanye amathoyizi athile xa uhamba
- Ukuhamba imida emfutshane
Phonononga: Awuyi kuyimfuneko yokuququzelela imisebenzi yomntwana wakho kule minyaka. Abantwana abaneminyaka emibili beengcali ekuguqula nayiphi na indawo kwindawo yokudlala. Esona sizathu, nangona kunjalo, kutheni kufuneka uhlale uqaphele ngokukhusela abantwana.
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Izakhono zoBuchule beZakhonoAbantwana abaneminyaka emibili baqala ukulawula ukulungelelanisa ukunyakaza kwamandla kunye namanwe, okuyiyo impawu yokuba bayakha izakhono zokuhamba kakuhle . Phakathi kwemisebenzi yakho encinci iya kuqala ukuqonda iquka ukukwazi:
- Khubaza okanye ufumanise ibhokisi kunye nezinye izitya
- Gcina iibhloko ezine okanye ngaphezulu
- Umgqomo wokudlala
- Beka iiplanga ezijikelezayo kunye nezikwere
- Jikela izikhombisi ezijikelezayo (njengawe-jack-in-box-toy)
- Ukubhalwa okanye ukupenda
- Sebenzisa esinye isandla ngaphezu kwesinye
Ukugqamisa: Iimpawu zezithuthi ezilungileyo zikunceda umntwana wakho athole ukuzimela ngokwengeziwe kwitafile zexesha lesidlo. Uya kuqala ukukwazi ukusela kwikomityi kwaye asebenzise i-spoon. Unako ukuthabatha iziqwenga zokutya kunye nokuzondla. Kodwa ngelixa umntwana wakho ehlala etafileni njengebhokhwe elikhulu, akakwazi ukuhlafuna kunye nokugwinya njengomnye. Abantwana abaneminyaka emibili banokugubha lula ukutya, ngakumbi xa bedlala okanye behleka xa besidla. Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokutya ukutya okunqunywe ngaphambili okanye kungabi nkulu kakhulu, kwaye ugweme ukutya okunokubanjwa lula kumbhobho wengane yakho, njenge-spoonfuls yebhotela, iinqabileyo zonke, izinja ezishushu, kunye ne-candy ).
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Zakhono zoBugcisaUneminyaka engama-2 ubudala, uya kuqalisa ukubona umntwana wakho omdala ekwenza imidlalo yokucinga kunye nokudibanisa imisebenzi kunye ngokulandelelana kunzima kwaye kunzima kunokuba uqhube kwi-toy enye okanye umsebenzi ukuya kwenye. Le miqondiso yokuba ingqondo yakhe yenza ukudibanisa ngakumbi kwaye iqalisa ukuqonda ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo okanye iingcamango. Ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo umntwana wakho anokufikelela kuzo kwiminyaka emibini zibandakanya amandla oku:
- Fumana izinto ezifihliweyo
- Xelisa abanye
- Ukubandakanya abanye kwimisebenzi yakhe yokudlala
- Ukusebenzisa amathoyizi amashishini
- Ukuchonga ezinye iinxalenye zomzimba kuye okanye kudonsa
Khanyisa: Umntwana wakho oneminyaka emibili ukwazi ukulandela imiyalelo elula. Ngoko unokuthi kuye, "Faka ibhola lakho kwibhokisi." Nangona kubonakala kulula kwaye kukhawuleza ukwenza izinto ngokwakho, kubalulekile ukuba uqale ukukhuthaza ukuzimela kwakhe kwaye umfundise ukuba anakekele izinto ezithile. Ukumisela indawo yokudlala kunye nokulungisa izambatho ngendlela eya kumvumela ukuba ahlambulule izinto zakhe ngokwayo uya kumnika umvakalelo omkhulu wokufezekisa kwaye ekugqibeleni uza kukunika imisebenzi embalwa .
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Zakhono zoLwaziNgexa abantwana bekhula ngamazinga ahlukeneyo, abaninzi abaselula banomxholo ubuncinane ngamazwi angama-50 ngokuzalwa kwabo wesibini. Izakhono zolwimi zabafana zingahlakulela ngezinga eliphantsi, kwaye abantwana abaninzi abakhulumi kakhulu kuwo wonke unyaka wabo wesibini, kodwa ngokubanzi, unokulindela ukuba umntwana wakho aqale ukukwazi ukukwazi uku:
- Sebenzisa "I" kunye "nawe" ngokufanelekileyo
- Yazi igama leempawu zomzimba eziqhelekileyo, izilwanyana kunye nezinto kwaye uhlekise xa uzibiza ngegama (njengokubiza inkomo ibhinki)
- Jabulela ukujonga enye incwadi ngokuphindaphindiweyo
- Ugqiba imigca kwiincwadi eziqhelekileyo
- Xela abantu kwintsapho
- Thetha kwiimvakalisi ezimbini ukuya kwezine
- Phinda uphendule amagama
Qaphela: ngelixa kukho ezininzi zokuzonwabisa ezibonisa apho abantwana abancinci, i-AAP icebisa ukugcina ixesha leskrini kwi-2 ubudala ubudala ukuya kwiyure elilodwa kuphela ngosuku lweenkqubo eziphezulu. Imiboniso efana neSesame Street inganika amathuba omfundo kubantwana abancinci nje kuphela xa abazali bebambisana ukuze bancede umntwana wakho omncinci aqonde umboniso kwaye asebenzise izifundo zayo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla.
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Zakhono zoLuntuIingcali ngamanye amaxesha zibhekisela kubantwana abancinci ngokuthi "i-egocentric" okanye igosa. Oku kunjengokungalunganga, kodwa ngokwenene, umntwana wakho akakwazi ukuqonda ukuba abantu banokuba neengcamango zabo okanye iingxaki ngaphandle kwabo. Kulo nyaka, ke umntwana wakho osenokuba yilungele ukudlala nabanye abantwana ngendlela yemveli, yokunika nokuthatha. Endaweni yoko, uya kubamba into ebizwa ngokuba ngumdlalo ofanayo (edlala kunye nabanye). Kodwa, nakwisi sigaba, uya kuthanda ukuhlala kunye nabanye. Ukusebenzisana ngakumbi kunye nabanye abantwana abanayo, xa unokubona ukuba uyakwazi uku:
- Kopisha abanye, ngakumbi abantu abadala kunye nabantwana abadala
- Yibani ngokuzimeleyo (oko kusenokuthetha ukuba uya kuncibilika xa ephikisiwe okanye exelelwe ukuba enze ntoni)
- Ukuqonda ngokubanzi ukuba uhlukile kwabanye
- Qala ukusebenzisana nabanye abantwana kwiimidlalo ezifana nokugxotha
- Khuthuzela umngane okanye umzali onxinekile
- Shintshana xa udlala nabanye
- Qonda ukuba wenza ntoni abazali abavunyayo okanye abangavumiyo
Phakamisa: Akuqhelekanga ukuba abantwana abaneminyaka emibili benze intloni malunga nabanye, ingakumbi abangaziwayo. Nangona eli lixesha xa abazali befuna ukukhuthaza ukuzimela kunye nentlalo yoluntu, kubalulekile ukuba uhloniphe isigqi sesimo somntwana wakho. Mnike ixesha ekufuneka azive ekhululekile kunye neemeko aze amncede kwiindawo ezintsha ngokuzilungiselela kwangaphambili kwaye ezolile. Kwiimeko, xa umntwana wakho engafuni ukushiywa kunye ne-sitter, sebenzisa iindlela zokulawula ukuxhalabisa.
> Imithombo:
"Izinto eziphambili zoPhuhliso: i-Age 2." Healthycihldren.org. KwiWebhu. Oktobha 10, 2011.
UPowell, J. kunye no-Smith, CA "Izinto eziphambili zoPhuhliso: Isikhokelo sabazali." UManhattan, KS: iNkonzo yaseKansas yeNyuvesi yokuThuthukiswa kweNyuvesi. KwiWebhu. Oktobha 10, 2011.
Shelov, uSreven PMD, MS, FAAP, kunye. al. Ukunyamekela Ukuzalwa Kwabantwana Abantwana nabantwana abaselula ukuya eBangeni 5. Incwadi yeBanatam, 2009. Print.