Imigomo yokugonywa, ukugonywa, kunye ne-inoculation ihlala isetyenziswa ngokungafaniyo, kodwa ngaba kunjalo into efanayo?
Ukhuseleko kunye nokugonywa
Ngokwe-World Health Organisation (WHO), "Ukugonywa yinkqubo eyenziwa ngumntu ukuba athathwe ngumzimba okanye angakwazi ukumelana nesifo esithathelwanayo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokulawulwa kwesigontsho. okanye izifo. "
Umntu uphelelwa sisifo xa umzimba utyhileke kuwo okanye ngokugula okanye ugonyo / ugonyo. I-immune system yenza ama-antibodies esi sifo ukuze ingakwazi ukugula kwakhona. Ukugonywa, ngoko, kuchaza utshintsho olwenziwe ngumzimba wakho emva kokufumana isitofu.
Iigonya kunye neNtsholongwane
Amaziko ase-United States okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo (CDC) achaza isitofu sokugonywa njenge "Imveliso evuselela isistim somzimba somntu ukukhusela isifo esithile, ukukhusela umntu esi sifo. ilawulwe ngomlomo okanye ifakwe kumpumlo. "
Ukugonywa yinkqubo yokufumana isitofu emzimbeni okanye "Isenzo sokufaka isitofu kwisigxina ukukhusela isifo esithile." Isigodlo siqala inkqubo yokugonywa.
Inoculation
Incazelo ye-inoculation "ukunika umntu okanye isilwanyana isitofu-isisithi sokukhusela isifo." Inoculation yindlela yokunika umntu isitofu.
Ziziphi izitofu ezenzayo kunye nesizathu
Ukugonywa okanye ukugonywa yinkqubo esiyisebenzisayo ukukhusela abantu kwizifo ezinokufa. Izifo ezazisetyenziselwa ukubulala izigidi zabantu ngonyaka ziyakuthi zithintelwe ngokugonywa.
Xa ufumana isitofu okanye ugonyo, umzimba 'ubona' iintsholongwane ezibangela isifo kwaye zivelise izikhusela ezikhuselekileyo.
Xa umzimba wakho uqulethe la maqhekeza, uya kukwazi ukulwa neentsholongwane ukuba uye wazibonela kubo, kwaye unokukunceda ukuba ungaguli. Ngamanye amaxesha lo mkhuhlane uphela ixesha, oko kuthetha ukuba izitofu ezongezelelweyo zifunekayo kamva ebomini.
Xa abantu abaneleyo kuluntu begonywayo, kunika ukhuseleko kubo bonke abantu, kwanawo angagonywanga, ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-community immunity okanye "umfutho wegciwane". Ukuba uninzi lwabantu basekuhlaleni lunezifo ngenxa yokugonywa, akunakwenzeka ukusasaza nokuchaphazela nabani na kuluntu njengoko bekuya kuba abantu bangagonywanga. Yiyo ndlela esiye sakwazi ngayo ukucima okanye ukuphelisa izifo ezininzi ezazisetyenziswa ukubiza ubomi bezigidi zabantu ngabanye. Xa izifo zingakwazi ukusasaza nokubenza abantu bagule, bafa.
Iishedyuli zeNtsholongwane yabantwana kunye nabantu abadala
Uninzi lwabazali lixakeke ngenani lezitofu ezicetyiswayo iintsana zabo ziqala emva kokuzalwa. Kungabonakala ngathi kuninzi ukunika intsana emithathu okanye ibhokhwe emine ngexesha ngalinye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kunyaka wokuqala wobomi bakhe. Nangona kunjalo, loo nyaka wokuqala xa abantwana besengozini kakhulu kwezi zifo.
Ukuba umntwana omncinci ufumana isifo ezifana ne-pertussis (ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela), i-Hepatitis B, okanye i-meningitis, ithuba lokuba liza kubamba ubomi bakhe liphezulu.
Ishedyuli yokugonya ekhutshwe yi-CDC iphindwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ikhuselekile kwaye isebenzayo ekukhuseleni abantwana kwizo zifo ezisekho kuluntu.
Kukho ezinye iigonti ezicetyiswayo kubantu abadala. Umkhuhlane wokukhusela esiwufumanayo ukusuka kwezinye izitofu ngexesha lobuncinci buntwaneni ngexesha lomntu omdala, ukwenzela ukuba izitofu ze-booster zifunekayo. Ukongezelela, kukho ezinye izifo ezinokuthi zichaphazele abantu abadala, ngoko zicetyiswa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ebomini bethu.
Igama elivela kwi-Verywell
Iigonti, ukugonywa, kunye ne-inoculations zonke ziyinxalenye yenkqubo efanayo. Iingcali zonyango zingabasebenzisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kodwa kuluntu jikelele, ziyindlela yokukhusela izifo ngaphandle kokugula. Enoba zilawulwa yilejo, i-nasal spray, okanye ngomlomo, izitofu zigcina zisempilweni kwaye zisindisa ubomi. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye ixhala malunga nesidingo sezitofu wena okanye abantwana bakho, khuluma nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Izibonelelo ezigqithiseleyo ingozi ebantwini abaninzi kwaye zitshintshe ngokwenene ubuso bezempilo kulo lonke ihlabathi.
> Imithombo:
> Inoculate Inkcazo kwiCambridge English Dictionary. http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/inoculate.
> Izitofu: I-Vac-Gen / Imz Basics iphepha eliphambili. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/imz-basics.htm.
> WHO | Abantwana: ukunciphisa ukufa. WHO. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs178/en/.
> WHO | Ukugonywa. WHO. http://www.who.int/topics/imimunization/en/.