Umntwana wakho unakho konke okanye uninzi lwezigulana zakhe, kodwa awukwazi ukufumana iirekhodi zakhe zokugonya. Ugqirha wakho akakwazi ukuzifumana nokuba. Ingaba wenza ntoni? Ngaba kufuneka aqalise ukukhwela kwakhona? Ngelishwa, oku kwenzeka kaninzi kunokuba ucinga.
Ukufumana iirekhodi ezilahlekileyo
Iintsapho zihamba, oogqirha bahlala phantsi, kwaye iirekhodi zilahleka. Ukuba oku kwenzeka kuwe ngaphambi kokuba uhambe phambili, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ongayenza ukuze ufumane iirekhodi zebhodi lomntwana wakho:
- Qhagamshelana namaziko okunakekelwa kwimihla yangaphambili, izikolo, iinkampu, okanye nawuphi na umntu onokunika ikopi yerekhodi yakhe yokudubula, kwaye ubone ukuba banayo ikopi.
- Ukuba ugqirha wakho odlulileyo uhambele okanye uthatha umhlalaphantsi, qhagamshelana nombutho wezonyango ohlala kuyo okanye ibhodi yezokwelapha yombuso ukuze ubone apho iirekhodi ezindala zingagcinwa khona. Oogqirha kufuneka bagcine iirekhodi ezindala ixesha elithile, kodwa lide kangakanani ixesha elide ukusuka kwilizwe ukuya kwilizwe.
- Ukuba ugqirha wezilwanyana usasebenza, zama i-ofisi yakhe kwakhona ukuba ubone ukuba ingabafumana. Nangona iirekhodi zonyango ngamanye amaxesha zikhohlisiwe, ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba zifumane ukuba abasebenzi baseofisi baqhubeka bekhangele.
- Fumana ukuba urhulumente wakho unobhaliso lokugonywa kwaye, ukuba kunjalo ukuba umntwana wakho unayo iirekhodi zokugonya kuyo. zonke izitofu zomntwana ezineekhompyutheni zogonywa zikarhulumente jikelele.
Unokuphinda ubuyekeze iirekhodi zezonyango ezipheleleyo zomntwana ukuba oko kukhoyo. Kungenzeka ukuba nangona ungenayo ishedyuli yokugonya komntwana wakho, unokukwazi ukuyibuyisela kwakhona usebenzisa amanqaku akho ugqirha okanye unesi.
Ukuphinda iigonti
Ukuba i-rekodi yomntwana ilahlekile ngokwenene, iKomidi elicebisi ngeZenzo zokuNgcwaba (ACIP) licebisa ukuba umntwana "athathwe njengento engenakwenzeka kwaye kufuneka iqalwe kwishedyuli yokugonywa."
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba umntwana wakho ufumene isitofu sokugonya, ngoko unokuphinda uphindwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Ngokutsho kwe-American Academy of Pediatrics, "akukho bungqina bubonisa ukuba ukulawulwa kwe-MMR, varicella, Hib, hepatitis B okanye isitofu sokugonywa kwe-poliovirus kuba sele befumana umzimba wongxamnye nomzimba."
Ukuhlola iiTayiti
Ngenxa yokuba abaninzi abantwana kunye nabazali abanakulindela phambili ukutshulwa okunye, i-ACIP inika enye inketho: "Ukuhlolwa kwe-serologic yokukhuseleka kuyindlela yokugonywa kwama-antigen athile." Oko kuthetha ukuba iimvavanyo zegazi ziyakwenziwa ukuze uzame ukubonakalisa ukuba umntwana wakho sele ufumene zonke izibhamu zakhe.
Ukuhamba le ndlela, umntwana unokuvavanywa:
- Iimpawu: i-measles antibody (IgG)
- Amathumbu: i-mumps antibody (IgG)
- I-rubella: i-rubella ye-immuneassay ye-immuneassay (EIA) yokuhlola (IgG)
- I-Hepatitis A: uvavanyo lwe-hepatitis A olupheleleyo lwe-antibody (IgG)
- I-Hepatitis B: uvavanyo lwe-hepatitis B lobungakanani bomhlaba
- I-Diphtheria: i-anti-antitoxoid antibody ye-diphtheria
- I-tetan: i-antanxoid anti-tetanus antibody
Ezi zihlandlo maxa wambi zenziwa kubantwana abamkelweyo ngamazwe angenakufumana iigciwane kwilizwe labo ngaphambi kokuba bamkelwe.
Akukho zivivinyo ukukhuphela ukuphindaphinda kwakhona i- Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b (Hib), varicella, i-poliovirus, okanye i- pertussis vaccines . Ngethamsanqa, ufuna kuphela i-doib ye-Hib emva kweenyanga ezili-15, kwaye awufumani nonke xa uneminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Ngoko, ukuba umntwana wakho oneminyaka esikolweni unokufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo kuzo zonke iimvavanyo ezi ngasentla, kungenzeka ukuba angadingi ukuphinda i-MMR, i-hepatitis A, i- hepatitis B , i-IPV, okanye i-vacvax vaccines.
Ngeziphumo zokuvavanya, unobantwana bakho unokubhala incwadi echaza ukuba umntwana wakho ukhuselekile kwizifo ezikhuseleke ukugonya kwaye akadingi ukuphinda izitofu.
Umntwana wakho usenokufuna isitofu sokugonywa kwe-poliovirus, ukugonya kwe-varicella, kunye ne- pertussis shot (DTaP vs Tdap) kunye naziphi na izitofu apho iimvavanyo zibonisa ukuba akanakho ukukhuselwa komzimba, nangona kunjalo.
Kuthiwani ngo-Prevnar? Nangona kungenako ukufumaneka ngokubanzi, kukho uvavanyo lwe-serotypes lwe- Streptococcus pneumoniae lwe- IgG oluya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho wayenayo i-Prevnar.
NjengaHib, i-Prevnar ingakumbi kwiintsana, abantwana abaselula, kunye nabafundi besikolo, kwaye akudingeki ukuba abantwana basebekhulile esikolweni. Ngoko ke, ukuqinisekiswa kwesi sigxina akusoloko kubalulekile njengabanye.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba kukho izimbalwa ezimbalwa ezenzayo ezi mvavanyo kunokuba uphinde uphinde uphinde ugqibe. Ngenye, kukho iindleko zeemvavanyo, ezingenako ukugqutywa yi-inshurensi. Kwakhona, unokufuna unobumba olutsha rhoqo xa umntwana wakho utshintsha izikolo, uya kwikampu entsha , uya kwikholeji, njl.
Kwaye nangona umntwana wakho engasayi kufuna enye iplani, ingxaki ngale nkqubo kukuba ukuba unamazinga aphantsi okulwa namagciwane, ngoko ke ngaphezu kwenduku yokuvavanya igazi, ngoko uya kudingeka ukutshulwa.
Ukuphepha iiRekhodi ezilahlekileyo
Ukukunceda ukuba ugweme ukuhlala kwimeko apho uphononongo lomntwana wakho ulahlekelwa khona, kunokukunceda uku:
- Khuthaza ugqirha wakho ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokubhalisa ugonyo
- Yiba nekopi yakho yefowuni yefowuni edityanisiweyo ukuhlaziywa rhoqo xa umntwana wakho efumana izitofu kwiofisi yezingane
- Yenza ikopi yengxelo yokugonya komntwana wakho kwaye uyigcine kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, njengendawo ekhuselekileyo ekhayeni elinika ukhuseleko lomlilo kunye nolunqanda amanzi
- Gcina ikopi yesibili yengxelo yokugonya komntwana wakho kwindawo yesibini ngaphandle kwekhaya lakho, njengebhokisi lokukhupha elikhuselekileyo okanye ikhaya lentsapho
Isiqhwithi uKatrina bekumele sibe yi-call-up call apho iirekhodi ezibalulekileyo zinokutshabalaliswa. Ukongeza kokulahlekelwa iirekhodi ekhaya lakho, kunye nenhlekelele enkulu, iirekhodi kwiofisi yakho ugqirha mhlawumbi iya kulahleka, kwakhona. Ngethamsanqa, iLouanaana sele sele inenkqubo yokulandelela i-immune system. Ngoko, nangona kulahleka kakhulu kwimilambo, iirekhodi zokugonywa zahlala zingasebenzi.
> Umthombo:
> Iingcebiso kunye neZikhokelo ze-ACIP: Izimo ezikhethekileyo. Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general-recs/special-situations.html#t-01.