Iintsana ezizalwe kwizibhedlele zesibhedlele zihlala zixhaswa kwi-nursery emva kokuzalwa. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimibandela eyahlukeneyo, kuquka impilo ekuzalweni, ubunzima, kunye nenani leeveki zokubeleka, umntwana usenokufuna unonophelo oluphambili kwindlela ehlukeneyo yobuncwane. Lezo zizahlulo zihlelwe yi-American Academy ye-Pediatrics zibe ngamanqanaba amane ngokusekelwe kwinyameko abaxhotyisiweyo ukubonelela:
- Inqanaba I: Iinyango eziza kutsalwa
- Inqanaba II: Ukunakekelwa kweengcali ezizodwa
- Inqanaba III: Inyunithi enkulu yokunakekelwa kweNonatal ( NICU )
- Inqanaba IV: Inyunithi yokunakekela abantwana abanomdla (Regional NICU)
Izixhobo ezineziko elinyango lokunakekelwa kwe-neonatal (NICU), elibonelela ngamanqanaba aphezulu okunyamekela, zibonise ukuba ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokunakekelwa kwempilo ngokusebenzisa ilayisenisi ye-federal / state okanye isiqinisekiso. Abadinga ukunakekelwa okongezelelweyo emva kokuzalwa bahlala bexhaswa kwiyunithi yokunakekelwa kakhulu yonyango (NICU).
Iingcali zokuLondolozwa kweNqanaba II
Ngenxa yokuba bazalwa ngeeveki ezimbalwa zokubeleka, iintsana ezininzi ezingaphambi kwexesha ziza kufuna ukunakekelwa kwinqununu ephezulu. Abo bazalwa kwiiveki ezingaphezu kwe-32 kodwa iingaphantsi kweeveki ezingama-35 baya kufuna ukuba banakekelwe kwiNkcenkcesho ekhethekileyo, okanye iNqanaba II, ii-nursery. Ezi zikozo zizo zonke izakhono ze-Nursery Level kunye nezibhedlele zonyango, i-neonatologists kunye nabahlengikazi be-neonatal kwiziko. Zinezixhobo kunye namakhono okunyamekela iintsana ezi:
- Wazalelwa ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-32 kunye nesisindo esingaphantsi kwe-1500g de ade ahanjiswe kwisikhululo sokunakekelwa ngokunyamekela kweNqanaba III.
- Uzalwe phakathi kweveki ezingama-32 kunye neveki ezingama-35 okanye ukudala ubude kwaye ulinganise i-1500g okanye ngaphezulu
- I-physics isifo okanye igule ngokukhawuleza ngeengxaki ezilindeleke ukuba zixazulule ngokukhawuleza
- Akulindeleke ukuba afune iinkonzo ze-specialist ngokukhawuleza
- Ayikwazi ukuhlala efudumele ngokwabo kwaye kufuneka ibekwe kwi- incubator .
- Abomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba badle kakuhle kwaye badinga i- NG okanye i-OG .
- Yiba neengxaki zempilo ezincinci ezinxulumene nobunzima bokuqala , ezifana ne-jaundice okanye i-apnea ye-prematurity.
- Uchithe ixesha kwi- NICU ye-3 kwaye uphila.
IiNicU zeNqanaba 2A nee-2B
Iinkonzo zokunakekelwa ezikhethekileyo zigqitywa kwakhona zibe yiNqanaba 2A kunye neNqanaba 2B i-NICU esekelwe kwindlela yokuphefumula abayinike yona:
- Amanqanaba ama-2A ama-NICU aphelelwanga ngohlobo lwenkozo yokuphefumula abanokukubonelela. Akunakukwazi ukubonelela nge- CPAP okanye umoya wokungena umoya .
- Amanqanaba ama-2B ama-NICU anganika i-CPAP okanye i-ventilation yamashishini ngamaxesha ambalwa, ngokuqhelekileyo ngamaxesha angaphantsi kwama-24.
Iintsana ezizalwe ngaphantsi kwamaviki angama-32 okanye isifo esibuhlungu siya kugcinwa kwi-Nursery Level III (NICU). Abo bafuna ukulungiswa ngokucokisekileyo kwimiqathango yokuzalwa yesifo okanye yokufumana iimeko ziya kugcinwa kwinqanaba eliphezulu leNICU, iNqanaba IV. Ezi ndawo zihlala kwiindawo ezibonelela ngeendawo ezipheleleyo zezonyango zonyango kunye nezocwangco kwiziko.
Umthombo:
I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics Committee kwi-Fetus kunye nosana olutsha. Inkcazo yomgaqo-nkqubo: iiNqanaba zoLondolozo lweNonatal. " Iimviwo zeNtsholongwane kaNovemba 2004. 114: 1341-1346.