5 Amanyathelo okulungiselela umntwana
Iseluleko sokulungela ukukhulelwa sigxile kwizinto eziphathekayo-ukufumana iivithamini zokubeletha ezilungileyo , ukutya ukutya okulungileyo , nokwenza okufanelekileyo ukulungiselela umzimba wakho. Kodwa kuthekani malunga nokulungiselela ngengqondo ukukhulelwa? Yintoni ongayenza ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe ukuba uqinisekise ukuba impilo yakho yengqondo ihlala ihleli ngexesha lokubeleka?
Ngaba izicwangciso zabo onokuzilandela ukuncedisa ukunciphisa iingxaki ezinokubangela ukudandatheka?
Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukuzinza kwengqondo nangokomzwelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokuba nefuthe kwiziphumo zokuzalwa kunye neengqondo zengqondo ngexesha lexesha lokugqibela. Nangona unokukhulelwa kanzima okanye ukuba unamava akho akulindelekanga, kukho amanyathelo onokuthatha ukuze uzigcine uphilile ngokwengqondo.
Masiqwalasele ngokuthe ngandlela-thile ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo onokuzilungiselela ngokwengqondo ukuba ube nosana.
Qonda izinto zakho zobungozi
Uxinzelelo lwe-postpartum (PPD) yinkinga ebalulekileyo echaphazela inani elininzi labamama abatsha. Phakathi kwabasetyhini, ukuxinezeleka kuyimbangela ebangela ukuba izibhedlele ezingabandezeli. Ngenxa yokuba i-PPD ingaba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yabomama kunye neentsana, ukufumana iindlela zokubambisana kunye nokuphatha ingxaki kubalulekile.
Ngaba kukho amanyathelo ongayithatha ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe ukunciphisa amathuba okuba unokuchaphazeleka ngenxa yokudakumba kwesithuba?
Ukuqonda izinto ezinobungozi ezinxulumene nePPD kunokunceda. Nangona kungenakwenzeka ukuqikelela ukuba ngubani oya kuthi akayi kuphazamiseka, nokuba ubuncinane nayiphi na ingozi enokuthi unokukunceda ukuba ubukele iimpawu zokuqala zeempawu.
Abafazi abasengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa i-PPD kubandakanya:
- Abo banembali yokudakumba nokuxhalabisa
- Isiganeko sangaphambili sePDD
- Ingxabano yomtshato
- Imbali yentsapho yePPD
- Imbali yakutshanje yeemeko zobomi ezixinzelelekileyo ezifana nokukhulelwa kwengxaki
- Inkqubo yokuxhasa impofu
Ngethamsanqa, abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba kukho amanyathelo abantu abangayithatha ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangemva kokuphuma. Ngokomzekelo, uphando oluthile lufumanise ukuba abafazi abafumana ukungenelela kwengqondo okanye kwengqondo bengenakunciphisa kakhulu ukuxinezeleka emva kokuzala. Amanyathelo angenelelo abonakalisiweyo ngolu cwaningo luquka unyango oluthile, ukuhanjelwa kwekhaya kwangemva kokuphuma, ukuxhaswa kwefowuni yangemva, kunye nokunakekelwa kwe-midwife yangemva. Olunye u bungqina lubonisa ukuba unyango lwangaphambili lwezonyango lunokukunceda ekukhuseleni ukudandatheka kwangemva kokubeleka.
Ukuqaphela ukuba nayiphi na ingozi ibalulekile, kodwa kufuneka uqaphele ukuba nabani na ochaphazelekayo ngenxa yokudakumba kwesithuba. Nangona unamava amaninzi adlulileyo kunye noxinzelelo okanye uxhalabisayo, usenokuhlakulela iimpawu zeli meko emva kokuzalwa komntwana wakho. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele le miqondiso kunye neempawu ukuze ukwazi ukuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuba ukholelwa ukuba unakho iPDD.
Ukuxinezeleka emva kokuzalwa komntwana kunokuhlawulela ngokwemali, kodwa ezinye zeempawu omele uzibuke ziquka:
- Unzima ukugxila
- Iimvakalelo zokungafaneleki
- Ukunyuka
- Iingcamango zokuzibulala
- Ungathandeki kumntwana wakho
- Ukuxhalabisa
- Iingcamango ezintle
Ukuba ucinga ukuba unempawu zePPD okanye ezinye iimvakalelo eziphathelele kuwe, qiniseka ukuba uxoxe ngazo kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Ugqirha wakho unokuncoma unyango olubandakanya ukunyamekela, unyango lwe-psychotherapy, amayeza, amaqela enkxaso, okanye ukudibanisa unyango.
Ukufundiswa malunga nokudakumba, emva kokwazi ukugula, nokuqonda isidingo sokufikelela kugqirha wakho ukuba ucinga ukuba unakho iimpawu zokudandatheka okanye uxhalaba kunoma yiphi na ixesha okanye emva kokukhulelwa kwakho kunokukunceda uzive ulungele ukufumana umntwana .
Yazi Oko Ukulindele
Kuhle ukuba uzilungiselele kwaye ube nesicwangciso, kodwa ukukhulelwa akunakulinganiswa kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ezo zicwangciso zihamba ngeefestile. Ukulungelelaniswa kwengqondo ngokukhulelwa kuthetha ukukwakha ukuqonda oko unokukulindela ngexesha lokubeleka. Ukukhulelwa kunokubandakanya zombini ukulindela (inzuzo yesisindo, izifiso zokutya eziqatha, izilonda kunye neentlungu) kwizinto ezingalindelekanga (ukunyamezela okukhulu, i-pica, nokufakwa kwindawo yokulala). Ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, funda kabanzi malunga nezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibandakanya ukukhulelwa kunye nezinye iingxaki eziqhelekileyo onokuzifumana.
Mhlawumbi into ebalulekileyo ukuba uyikhumbule kukuba ungazifunda zonke iincwadi, iiwebhsayithi, ii-blogs, kunye namaphephancwadi omzali onokufumana izandla kunye ... kungalindelekanga. Awukwazi ukuchaza kwangaphambili indlela oza kuzalwa ngayo, ngoko ke umele ulinde uze ube ngongqimba ukuba ubone. Ukuzifundisa nge-ins kunye nokuphuma ngaphandle kunokunceda, kodwa kufuneka uvume ukuba awukwazi, ukuqikelela, okanye ukulawula yonke into.
Funa iNkxaso yeNtlalo
Ukuxhaswa komelele kwentlalo ngexesha lokubeleka kubaluleke kakhulu, ingaba le nkxaso ivela kumlingane, amanye amalungu omndeni, abazali okanye abahlobo. Uphando olwangaphambili luye lwabonisa ukuba inkxaso yentlalo ingaba nefuthe elikhuselekileyo kwimiphumo emibi yempilo yokuxinzelela ubomi. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba ukuxhaswa kwentlalo ngexesha elikhokelela ekulandeleni nasekulandeleni ukuzalwa kwaba nefuthe elibalulekileyo kwimpilo yengqondo yomama emva kokubeleka.
Ukongezelela, inkxaso yentlalo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kucingelwa ukuphucula iziphumo zokuzalwa ngokunciphisa ingozi yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa. Njani? Ukuxhaswa kwezenhlalakahle kukholelwa ukuba kokubili kunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo kunye nokuphucula iindlela zokuxinzelela uxinzelelo. Nangona uphando oluthile lufumene ukuba inkxaso enxulumene nentlalontle ayizange ibe nefuthe ngqo ekunciphiseni ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba inkxaso enjalo inokusebenza njengendlela yokuxhaphaza phakathi kokucinezeleka kokubeleka kunye nokuziswa kwangethuba.
Ngoko unokwenza ntoni ukuze uqinisekise ukuba unenkxaso ebonakalayo, engqondweni, nangokwaziswa oyifunayo ngaphambili, ngexesha, nangemva kokukhulelwa?
- Xoxa nomlingane wakho . Ukuba unomlingane okanye iqabane eliya kubakho inxaxheba yobomi bakho kunye nobomi bomntwana wakho, ixesha lokutshala kunye nemizamo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba olu lamano luqinile. Thetha malunga neenkxalabo zakho uze ucele uncedo xa ufuna.
- Ncike kwiintsapho kunye nabahlobo . Ukukhulelwa kunokuba ngumngeni, ngakumbi xa ujongene neengxaki ezinjengezifo ezinzulu zesantya okanye ezinye iinkxalabo zezokwelapha. Vumela abathandekayo bakho bazi xa ufuna uncedo.
- Joyina iqela lokulindela abazali . Kungakunceda ukwabelana ngamava akho nabanye abantu abaye bahamba into efanayo. Ukukhulelwa, ukubeletha, ukuncelisa, kunye neeklasi zokuba ngabazali bangaba ziindawo ezintle zokudibana nabantu abanokunika inkxaso ngenkcazelo ngokukhulelwa kwakho.
Qaphela ukuba iMpilo Yakho Yomzwelo ibalulekile
Iingxaki zezempilo ngexesha lokukhulelwa zihlala zijolise ekunakekeleni impilo yempilo yowesifazane ukuba kulula ukungawuboni ukubaluleka kokuphila kwengqondo. Ukukhulelwa kubonisa ukuba utshintsho olukhulu lobomi kubantu abaninzi, kwaye ludinga ukulungiswa kwengqondo oluya kuba nemiphumo emihle kwimpilo yengqondo yomfazi.
Ukuxinezeleka ngokomzwelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa akuhlanganisi nje kuphela kwiziphumo ezingalunganga koomama, kodwa nakwiintsana nazo. Abantwana abazalelwe kubasetyhini abalisa uxinzelelo olubalulekileyo kunye nokuxhalaba ngexesha lokukhulelwa banomngcipheko okhulayo wokuba neengxaki zokuzalwa kuquka ukukhula okuphantsi kokunciphisa umzimba, ukuguqulwa kwesantya, isimo esingaphantsi kwe-neonatal, kunye nokukhula kakubi kwe-intrauterine.
Ukuba unembali yokudakumba okanye uxhalaba, xela ugqirha malunga neenkxalabo zakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Oku kunokuba nethuba lokujongana nayiphi na ingxakini yokukhathazeka oya kuyo ukukhulelwa kwakho kwaye usethe isigaba sokuphucula ingqondo engaphambi kokuzalwa nangemva kokuzalwa.
Amacandelo okuzinyamekela ngengqondo:
- Yenza impilo yakho yengqondo ibe yinto ephambili.
- Ukuyeka ukuthetha okungekho nto.
- Thatha ixesha lakho.
- Thatha ukubeletha okanye iklasi yabazali.
- Thetha nomlingane wakho malunga nendlela oceba ngayo umzali.
- Kwakhona xubusha ngendlela oya kujongana ngayo nemingeni ekhoyo.
- Sebenzisa iindlela zokulawula uxinzelelo zokulwa noxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalabisa.
Yilungiselele Ngokwenene Abanye Abantwana Bakho
Ingqondo yengqondo yokukhulelwa ingaba mngeni ngakumbi xa kufuneka ukuba ulungiselele ngokwengqondo abantwana bakho abadala ukufika komntakwabo omtsha. Abanye abantwana banokulindela ngomntakwabo okanye udade osemncinci, kodwa iimpendulo zengqondo ezifana nokwesaba, umona kunye nokuxhalaba kuyafana.
Unokunceda abantwana bakho bazilungiselele ngokwengqondo ukukhulelwa kwakho ngokuqinisekisa ukuba ubeke ixesha kunye neengqalelo kubantwana bakho. Yenza ukuba bazive ukuba baya kuba nenxalenye ebalulekileyo kokubili kokukhulelwa kwakho kwaye banokukunceda ukuba ulungele umntwana omtsha. Ukukhupha izinto zezingane, kukunceda ulungiselele indawo yengane, kwaye nokuba uthethe ngamagama omntwana kunokunceda abantakwabo asebekhulile bazive bebandakanya.
Qaphela nje ukuba ungagxininisi ngakumbi kwabanye abantwana kwaye ungabenze bazive ukuba iimpendulo zabo zengqondo, nokuba loo mpendulo ingaba yinto engalunganga, ayilunganga okanye ayibi. Ukwamukelwa, ukunakwa, kunye nokuziphatha okungekho mqathango kunokuhamba ixesha elide ekuncedeni abantwana bakho abakhulileyo bazive benomdla malunga nokuba nomnye umntwana kwintsapho.
Igama elivela kwi-Verywell
Ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa kungaphezulu nje kokufumana umzimba wakho ukulungele; Kwakhona kuthetha ukulungiselela ingqondo yakho. Ngelixa kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ukuqonda uhlobo lwemingeni engqondweni ongayenza ngayo kule nguqu enkulu yobomi, akunakwenzeka ukuba uqikelele ngqo uhlobo lweengxaki onokujamelana nazo.
Ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, hlalutya imeko kunye neemfuno zakho. Thatha ixesha ngoku ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulungisa ingcinezelo kunye noxinzelelo ebomini bakho, funa imithombo encedisayo yokuxhasa, kwaye wenze impilo yakho yengqondo ibe yinto ephambili. Ngokugxininisa ekuzinakekeleni, kokubili emzimbeni nasengqondweni, unokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba unempilo ekhuseleyo, ekhuselekileyo.
> Imithombo:
> Carta, G et al. Ukuthathwa kwengqondo okokuqala kwindlela yokunciphisa ukuxinezeleka kwangemva kokubeleka? I-Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2015; 42 (1): 49-52.
> Crawford-Faucher, A. Iingenelo zengqondo kunye neengqondo zokuthintela ukudandatheka kokuhamba emva kokubeleka. WaseMerika ugqirha. 2014; 89 (11): 871.
> Elsenbruch, S, et al. Ukuxhaswa kwezenhlalakahle ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Iimpembelelo kwiimpawu ezixinzelelekileyo zomama, ukutshaya nokukhulelwa komphumo. Ukuzaliswa kwabantu. 2007; 22 (3); 869-877.
> Hetherington, E., et al. Ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuqala nokuxhaswa kwentlalo ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ukuphononongwa kwenkqubo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwemeta. I-Pediatric ne-Perinatal Epidemiology. 2015; 29 (6); 523-535.
> O, Hara, MW. Ukudandatheka kwePostpartum: Yintoni esiyayaziyo. J Clin Psychol. 2009; 65 (12); 1258-1269.