Fumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphendula kwiinkqubo zongenelelo
Impendulo yokungenelela yinkqubo yokuchonga iimfuno zabafundi abanzima kunye nokuzinikeza imigaqo ejolisweyo abayifunayo ngokusebenzisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngoncedo oluvela kwinqanaba kwiklasi lokufundela ukuncedisa kwinkqubo ekhethekileyo yemfundo.
Unyaka emva konyaka, amawaka abantwana abaneengxaki zokufunda bathunyelwa ukuhlola ezikolweni kulo lonke ilizwe ukuba baxilonge ukukhubazeka kokufunda baze baqinisekise ukufaneleka kwemfundo ekhethekileyo.
Wonke umzali ulindele iziphumo zovavanyo kunye nethemba nokukhathazeka. Inani elikhulu labafundi bavavanywa abayi kuhlangabeza imigaqo yelizwe yokufaneleka kwemfundo ekhethekileyo phantsi koMntu onoMthetho wezeMpilo yokukhubazeka (i-IDEA) naphezu kokuba neengxaki eziqhubekayo esikolweni.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iindaba ezibazali zishiya abazali bexhalabile. Baya kukhululeka ukuba bafunde abantwana babo abanakho ukukhubazeka ukufunda. Nangona kunjalo, abantwana babo basenengxaki ezinzulu esikolweni kwaye babonisa iimpawu zokukhubazeka okufundela okungenako ukukhawuleza ukufaneleka kodwa baqhubeke bechaphazela kakubi ukukwazi kwabo ukufunda nokuphumeza.
Ngaphezulu, abayi kufumana iinkonzo zemfundo ezizodwa . Abazali banenkxalabo enkulu malunga nexesha elizayo labantwana kwaye kaninzi baziva belahliwe yinkqubo. Abantwana babo ngamanye amaxesha batyathwa njengabafundi abaphucayo, abantwana begrey, okanye abantwana abawela kwiimfuno zeemfuno ezikhethekileyo zemfundo.
Kuze kutshintshwe utshintsho lwangoku kwimithetho yombuso olawula iinkqubo zemfundo ekhethekileyo, kukho iindlela ezimbalwa zokugunyazwa ngoncedo olungaphaya komzabalazo oqhubekayo kwiklasi yokufundela aba bafundi. Ezinye izikolo zanikela ngoncedo lwesikhashana kwabanye abafundi ngeenkqubo zokungenelela ezikhoyo njenge-Title I, ekhonza abafundi abavela kumakhaya aphantsi-mali angenakufunda njengoko kufuneka.
Nangona kunjalo, bekungekho inkqubo ephotyelwe ngokusemthethweni efuna inkxaso yesikhathi eside kubo bonke abafundi abahluphekayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba imeko yezoqoqosho.
Inyaniso kukuba, abafundi abaninzi abanokukhubazeka ukufunda bangabonakali kwaye bangalondolozwa nje ngokuba "bangasemva okwaneleyo" ukuze bakwazi ukufumana iinkonzo. Ngokomzekelo, phantsi kweefomula ezininzi, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa zokufaneleka kwemfundo ekufundeni, umfundi oneminyaka engama-9 ubudala onesicatshulwa esiphezulu kufuneka ukuba akakwazi ukufunda bonke ukuba bafaneleke. Akakwazi ukuqaphela iileta okanye azi ukuba izandi zimele. Ngalesi sikhathi, mhlawumbi uya kugcinwa iminyaka enye okanye emibini ngaphandle kokufumana uncedo olongezelelweyo okanye utshintsho kwinkqubo yakhe yemfundo.
Yintoni i RTI?
I-RTI imele uxanduva lokuPhatha. Ukubeka nje, yindlela enye yokukhetha ukuba umntwana unesiphene sokufunda kwaye ufuna iimfuno ezizodwa zemfundo. I-RTI ifakwe kwi-2004 yokuhlaziywa kwe-IDEA njengenye indlela yezindlela zokusetyenziswa kwimizuzu engama-20 edluleyo.
Indlela i-RTI inceda ngayo abantwana
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, indlela eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa ngayo yokumisela ukufaneleka okufunekayo ukuba umfundi unomlinganiselo ophezulu okanye ophezulu kunye nokungafani, okanye ubuthathaka, kwindawo enye okanye eminye yempumelelo njengoko kulinganiswe kumgangatho oqhelekileyo, ovavanyo oluqhelekileyo .
Ngokwenza oko, umfundi kufuneka agule emva koontanga bakhe ngeminyaka emibini okanye ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba afanelekele iinkonzo kwimfundo ekhethekileyo.
Abafundi abaneziphene zokufunda babengafaneli bafumane iinkqubo zokubeka kwimfundo ekhethekileyo de kube bebakala lesithathu okanye kamva. Kwakudingeka bahluleke ngokwaneleyo ngaphambi kokuba baswele ngokwaneleyo ukufaneleka. Mfa nekiso. Isiqalo somfundi wesigaba sesithathu seengqiqo luya kufuneka ukuba singakwazi ukufunda ngisho namazwi alula ukufaneleka. Okwangoku, oontanga bakhe babeza kufunda iincwadi zesahluko.
Indlela yokufaneleka yokuphumelela / ukuphumelela yabangela iingxaki ezininzi kubafundi abakhubazekileyo abangazange bahlangabezane neziphumo zokuvavanya iziphumo:
- Baye baphoswa kwiminyaka emibini okanye ebalulekileyo yemfundo eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ngexesha lophando lubonisa ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukungenelela kwangaphambili ;
- Babehlala behlazeka kwaye bexhalabisayo ngenxa yokungakwazi kwabo ukwenza kunye neontanga zabo;
- Babengemva kwamanye, amathuba okubamba ayencinci, ukuba akunakwenzeka;
- Kwiimeko ezininzi, abafundi bahlakulela ukungathandi kwesikolo. Ezinye iziphumo zokuziphatha nezentlalo;
- Abanye abantwana abakhubazekileyo babengazange baqeshwe kwaye abazange bafumane iinkonzo eziyimfuneko. Esikhundleni saloo nto, babecinga nje ngokuba "ngabafundi abaphucayo," abangenakukwazi ukufunda kunye noontanga, kodwa bengenalo ngokwaneleyo ukufuna imfundo ekhethekileyo;
- Uninzi lwahluleka esikolweni kwaye luye lwaphuma; kwaye
- Abaninzi babengenayo imfundo yecandelo lepesimari kwaye bathatha imisebenzi ehlawula phantsi.
Ukuphendula kwiingenelelo zokungenelela kwabantwana abanokukhubazeka kwezifundo ezingafumaniyo kodwa abazange bahlangabezane nokufaneleka kwemfundo ekhethekileyo kwiimvavanyo zangaphambili ngaphantsi kweendlela zokungafani. Ezi zihlandlo ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba yi-grey ndawo abantwana okanye abantwana abaye bawela kwiintluko. La bantwana babecala "bewela kwiziqhekeko" zeenkqubo zesikolo kuba babengenakufumana uncedo oluyimfuneko kwimfundo ekhethekileyo okanye kwimfundo eqhelekileyo.
Impendulo yokungenelela inokunceda aba bantwana abaphumelelayo abaye balahleka kwi-maze yemithetho ekhethekileyo yokufaneleka kwemfundo phantsi kweenguqu zangaphambili ze- IDEA . Ivumela izikolo ukuba ziguqule ukulungelelanisa ukubonelela ngemfundo eyimfuneko ngabanye abayifunayo, ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezibonakalisiweyo kwaye kungekhona nje kumanqaku okuvavanya .
Ukuphendula Kwingenelelo (RTI) yinkqubo yesithathu enokuthi incede umntwana wakho athole uncedo alufunayo. Isinyathelo sokuqala, okanye isithintelo, sokungenelela, isicwangciso sokuhlala esiklasini. Bonke abafundi babeza kuqala kule ndawo. Njengoko ootitshala bazisa imfundo, inkqubela phambili yabafundi ijongwa. Uninzi lwaba bafundi kweli qela liza kufuna uncedo olongezelelweyo ngexesha elide, kwaye utitshala unika ukuba ukhokelo.
Iinjongo ezimbini ze-RTI zijoliswe ngabafundi abangabonakali kwinkqubela phambili kunye nokungenelela kokufundisa rhoqo. Kwimibini emibini, abafundi bafumana imfundo eyongezelelekileyo kunye nokungenelela. Baya kusebenza kumaqela amancinci ukuba avumele umyalelo ngamnye kwiqela kunye neqela elincinci. Ngethuba le nkqubo, ootitshala bavavanya ngenyameko impendulo yabafundi kule nyathelo. Abafundi abenza kakuhle banokuphinda baphinde babuyiselwe kwigumbi lokufundela rhoqo. Abafundi abonakalisa isidingo sokuqhubeka ngoncedo oluqhubekayo, baya kuhamba emithathu.
Inqanaba lesithathu yinkqubo eqhubekayo yexesha elide yokuxilonga nokufundisa ngokucacileyo kwaye inokucingwa njengemfundo ekhethekileyo. Kule nqanaba, abafundi bafumana imfundo ngabanye ngexesha eliyimfuneko ukuba bafumane izakhono abazifunayo ukuze baqhube esikolweni.
Impendulo yoNgeniso (RTI) inikeza iingenelo ezicacileyo malunga nenkqubo yangaphambili yokuthembela kuphela ekuhlaleni ukujonga ukufaneleka. Okokuqala, inkqubo ye-RTI ifundisa ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni. Akukho nanye umntwana oshiywe ukufumana ukuphazamiseka kokungaphumeleli ngelixa ulindileyo de ukuvavanywa kwamanqaku akhombise ukungafani kakuhle / ukufezekisa ngaphambi kokufumana uncedo. Ufumana umyalelo okhuphuka ngokunyuka kwintsebenziswano kunye nomntu ngamnye njengoko ebonisa imfuneko yalo.
I-RTI iphelisa ikhefu ekufundiseni abantwana abangenakuphumelela eklasini eliqhelekileyo ngaphandle koncedo kunye nabafanelekayo kwimfundo ekhethekileyo. Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi yabantwana begrey indawo, abantwana abawela emaphandleni, kunye nabafundi abacothayo kufuneka bancitshiswe njengoko bonke abantwana befumana imfundiso abayidingayo.
Kutheni kuVavanyo olubalulekileyo
Nangona uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lungenakudingeka ukucacisa ukufaneleka kwemfundo ekhethekileyo yokuxilonga ukukhubazeka kokufunda, kunokunika ootitshala ngolwazi olubalulekileyo kwiiprogram zabafundi, nangona imodeli ye-RTI yokufaneleka.
Okokuqala, ukuvavanywa kweengqondo kunika iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo malunga nendlela abafundi baqhuba ngayo ulwazi kunye nendlela abafunda ngayo. Le ngcaciso ingasetyenziselwa ootitshala abaqhelekileyo kunye neemfundo ezizodwa ukuphuhlisa umyalelo olungiselelwe ngokukodwa owenza iipompo zabo ngamandla kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezakhono kwiindawo zabo zobuthathaka.
Okwesibini, ukuvavanya ukuphumelela okusemgangathweni kunokubonelela ngombono omkhulu malunga nendlela umfundi afunda ngayo xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abantu bakhe bonke kwisizwe. Oku kusebenza njengesikhokelo esibalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi benza inkqubela phambili kwaye baya kwiinjongo zabo zexesha elide lemfundo kunye nemisebenzi. Ukuvavanya ukuphumelela kunokubonelela ngolwazi lokuxilonga olwenza ootitshala bakwazi ukubona iinkalo ezithile zamandla kunye nobuthathaka. Oku kunceda ootitshala bahlaziye iinkqubo zokufundisa.
Funda nge-RTI Kwilizwe lakho
Ukuba umntwana wakho uvivinywe kwaye unqunywe ngokungenakufaneleka kwiinkonzo ezizodwa zemfundo kuba ulahlekelwe amanqaku okuhlawula, i-RTI inokunceda. Qhagamshelana neSebe lakho lemfundo leMfundo lemfundo ekhethekileyo ukuze uthole ulwazi olungakumbi malunga nendlela i-RTI eya kuphunyezwa ngayo kwimeko yakho.