Iindlela zokuThengisa ingxaki ziyakhathaza
Abazali abahamba ngeendlela zokukhubazeka ukufundela ukukhubazeka bangafumana uluhlu lweendlela zokuvavanya, iingcamango zokufunda, kunye namabhalana abalindele. Ukwenza izinto zidideke ngakumbi kubazali, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga ngaphandle apho zibandakanya iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza izigqibo zokuxilonga. Ukufunyaniswa nokukhubazeka ukufunda kuyinto yesayensi engenakucala.
Ezinye iingcali azivumelani nezindlela ezifanelekileyo zokugqiba ukuba ngaba ukhubaze ukufunda. Kutheni kukho ukudideka kangaka?
- Okokuqala, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga ezisetyenziswayo. Izindlela zokuxilonga kunye nemigangatho esetyenziselwa ukuxilonga ukukhubazeka kokufunda kwizikolo zikarhulumente zihluke kwizinto ezisetyenziselwa abavandlakanyi kwimisebenzi yabucala.
- Okwesibini, kukho ukungafani kumanyano ojongene nokuxilongwa kwizikolo zikarhulumente nakwezinye izikolo ezikarhulumente. Izikolo zikarhulumente kunye nabavandlakanyi bazimeleyo zilawulwa ngama-arhente karhulumente, iibhodi kunye nemimiselo echaza ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
- Umthetho wabantu abakhubazekileyo wemimiselo yoMthetho wokuPhumela imithethonqubo yokulawula ukukhubazeka kwezifundo kunye nezinye iintlobo zokukhubazeka kwizikolo zikarhulumente ziqhelekileyo kwaye zishiya iimfuno ezithile eziza kuchazwa. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ulwahlulo oluvela kummandla ukuya kummandla kwiinkqubo zokuxilonga. Umntwana ofanelekileyo wokufunda njengokukhubazeka kwelinye ilizwe akanakho ukufaneleka kwelinye, enokuchaphazela iintsapho ezihamba ukusuka kwiphondo ukuya kwimeko.
- Imimiselo kunye neenkqubo zokuxilonga ezilawula abavandlakanyo kwimisebenzi yabucala, okokuba izazi-psychologists ezineemvume okanye i-psychiatrists, zincinci ngakumbi kunezo ezisetyenziswa kwizikolo zikarhulumente. Umqulu weNgcaciso kunye neSatistim of Disabilities of the Mind, obizwa ngokuba yi-DSM, umzekelo, isebenzisa iikhrayitheriya ezinokubaluleka ngokubanzi kunendlela yokubala. Ngenxa yoko, izimvo zeemviwo zibaluleke ngakumbi kwi-DSM inkqubo yokuqaphela ukuxilongwa.
- Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinkqubo zokuxilonga ukukhubazeka ezikolweni zikarhulumente zininzi zihambelana phakathi kwezikolo kwilizwe ngalinye, kodwa oku akunakuthi kube njalo.
- Amazwe ahlukeneyo anokuthi abe nemigangatho eyahlukeneyo kunye nezenzo zokufumanisa ukukhubazeka kokufunda. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba umfundi aphumelele kwelinye ilizwe kodwa kungenjalo.
- Iisistim zesikolo sikarhulumente zisetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo:
- Ukuvavanywa ngokusemthethweni kusetyenziswa ukungafani kokuphumelela ukuqonda ukuba ngaba ukhubaze ukufunda kunye nobunzima bayo; kwaye
- Ukuphendula kwiindlela zokungenelela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukukhubazeka kokufunda kungabangela iingxaki zemfundo zabafundi.
- Abavandlakanisi kwimisebenzi yabucala baqhele ukusebenzisa i-Manual Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (njenge-DSM-IV) okanye i-International Classifications Statistical of Diseases (njenge-ICD-10) yokuchonga ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
- Izindlela zombini ze-ICD kunye ne-DSM zokuxilonga zixhomekeke kakhulu kumgwebi wobuchule, oqhelekileyo ohlukileyo ukusuka kumhloli ukuya kubavandlakanyi. Imigqaliselo esetyenziswayo ukuchaza nokuchaza ukukhubazeka kwezifundo kule nkqubo ihlukile kwalawo asetyenziswa kwi-IDEA kwizikolo zikarhulumente.
Kukho konke ukuhluka kwiinkqubo zokuxilonga, abazali bangazibuza ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo kwaye zichanekileyo.
Basenokuzibuza nokuba ngaba kulungile ukuba bafune uvavanyo ngesikolweni okanye kumboneleli wabucala. Impendulo yalo mbuzo incike kwiimeko zakho. Ukuba ufuna ukubona ukuba umntwana wakho unelungelo lokufumana iinkonzo zemfundo ekhethekileyo, kuya kuba yinto enokumcebisa umntwana ukuba afune ukuvavanywa esikolweni sakho somntwana ngenxa yokuba unokuqinisekiswa ukuba uvavanyo oluza kubakho luza kufumana zonke iimfuno zesikolo.
Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ukuvavanywa ngumnikezeli wangaphandle onguchwepheshe kwiindawo zomntwana wakho ukhubazekileyo unokubonelela ngolwazi olongezelelweyo luncedo xa abasebenzi bevandlakanyo besikolo bengenalo ubuchule kwindawo yokukhathazeka.
Ukunxibelelana okungenabungozi, umzekelo, uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokuba ndifuna iinkonzo zengcali ekhethekileyo kuloo ndawo. Abazali bafanele baqaphele ukuba izikolo kufuneka ziqwalasele nayiphi na idatha ekhoyo ngaphandle kokuvavanya idatha ekwenzeni izigqibo zokufaneleka.
Xa ukukhubazeka kokuFunda kuchongwa
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda, njengoko kuchazwe ngabaBantu abakhubazekileyo bemfundo ye-Disabled Education Act (IDEA) abanakuze bafumaneke ngokuqinisekileyo kuze kube yilapho abafundi befundiswa ngokusemthethweni kwizifundo eziziintloko;
- Iingcali ezininzi zeengqondo zincoma ukulinda ade abantwana bancinane ubuncinane kwiminyaka emithandathu ubudala ngaphambi kokuvavanya ingqiqo yokufumana amanqaku afanelekileyo kwaye anokwethenjelwa. kwaye
- Abafundi abavela kumaqela amancinane aneenkcubeko kunye nezohlukeneyo zentlalo banenzuzo yokufumana ubuncinane kwiminyaka emibini yemfundo kunye nentlalo ngaphambi kokuvavanywa. Oku kwinto yesiko kwi- English Language Learners. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa umphumo weenkcubeko zabo nokwahlukileyo kolwimi ekusebenzeni kwabo vavanyo. Izikolo zizama ukuqinisekisa ukuba abazali be-ELL babandakanyeka kwinkqubo ngokukhulu kunokwenzeka.
Njengokuba uvavanyo lwengqondo, ukuvavanya ukuphumelela kunokuthenjwa ngakumbi emva kwelo xesha.