Inkqubo ekukhetheni inqununu yokufumana umntwana
Ukunyamekela kungasetyenziselwa ukunceda intsapho xa umfazi engakwazi ukukhulelwa. Umntu okhutshwayo uhamba nokukhulelwa ngenjongo yokuqala yokunika umntwana kumzali okanye ngabazali abathumelele inzala. Ngokufanelekileyo, abazali abajoliswe kuzo baya kubalwa kwisatifikethi sokuzalwa.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-surrogacy, i-surrogacy yendabuko kunye nokuxhaswa kwamagama.
Kwizithethe zamasiko eziqhelekileyo, amaqanda asetshenzisiweyo asetyenziswa. Kwi-grogational surrogacy, isizukulwana singenalo i-genetically related to the baby.
Kwi-grogational surrogacy, abazali abahlosiweyo banokuba ngabazali bomzimba womntwana, okanye umnikeli weqanda okanye umnikeli wesilisa angasetyenziselwa kunye nenxalenye yegetet yomzali. Enye inokuba ngumnikeli weqanda kunye nomnini wesilisa uya kukhethwa ngabazali abafunyenweyo, okanye umrhumo ongasetyenziswa.
Ngenxa yeengxaki zezomthetho ezinokuthi zenzeke ngokuzondla ngokwemveli, ukuzondla ngokwemvelo kuyindlela ekhethiweyo yokuxhomekeka.
Kufuneka Kuphi Ukuxhomekeka?
Ukudanduluka ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa xa umfazi engakwazi ukunyanga ukukhulelwa. Izizathu zingaquka:
- akukho isisu, ngenxa yesiphene sokuzalwa esaziwayo njenge-müllerian agenesis
- hysterectomy
- izifo ezinobungozi ezithintela ukufakelwa kwesibindi okanye ukuphazamiseka ngokuphindaphindiweyo
- U-Asherman's syndrome, okanye i-uterine
- ukuphazamiseka okungaqhelekanga okungaqhelekanga , kungasombululi ngonyango
- ukuphulukana ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwe-embryo ukungaphumeleli ngexesha le- IVF
- Izimo zonyango eziza kwenza ukukhulelwa komntwana kunomntwana okanye umntwana, kuquka nesifo esiyingozi senhliziyo, i-lupus, imbali yomhlaza wesifuba, isifo esinesifo esibi, i-cystic fibrous, isifo sikashukela, okanye imbali ye- pre-eclampsia ene-HELLP syndrome
Ukuxhaswa kwamanzi kungasetyenziselwa ukunceda isibini esitshatileyo sibe ngabazali.
Kukho inkolelo yokuba i-surrogacy isetyenziswa rhoqo ngabasetyhini abazama ukuzikhusela kwimithwalo yemithwalo yemithwalo yemithwalo yokukhulelwa.
Oku akunjalo.
Ukuxhaswa kwemali kubandakanya ukutyalwa kwezimali kunye nokunyamekela kwemali, kwaye akuyona into esetyenziswayo ukuphepha amanqaku ambalwa.
Uyifumana njani kwaye ukhethe i-Surrogate
Ukuxhomekeka kungaba ngumntu owaziyo, njengomhlobo okanye ilungu lentsapho, okanye umfokazi, ngokuqhelekileyo kufumaneka kwi-arhente.
Kukho iinzuzo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kokusebenzisa umntu owaziyo ngokulungelelanisa. Enye into enokwenzeka ukuba inzala ingakwazi ukugcina lula ulwalamano oluqhubekayo nomntwana, ukuba oko kubalulekile kuwe njengomzali. Enye into engeyiyo inzuzo iingxabano malunga nezigqibo zabazali ezinokuvela, ingakumbi ukuba iindima zexesha elizayo aziqondi kakuhle, zivunyelwene okanye zigcinwe.
Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa i-arhente ukuze ufumane isithandabuzo sokuziphatha, kufuneka ukhulume neklinikhi yakho yokuzala okanye uhlaziya i-RESOLVE contact contact group . Bamele babe nako ukuncomela ii-arhente abaye bafumana amava amava ngexesha elidlulileyo.
Kubalulekile ukuba ufumane iingxelo kuzo naziphi na i-arhente oziqwalaselayo, wenze uphando lwezinto, kwaye uzive ukhululekile kwisigqibo sakho ngaphambi kokuhamba phambili.
Ukuba nantoni na ayiva kakuhle, phulaphula umthambo wakho, nokuba ufumene ukuhlolwa okulungileyo kwe-agesi kwabanye.
Ukuqhelana nokuxhamla kunzima, kugcwele imingeni yomthetho kunye nemimoya. Kubalulekile ukuba ngalinye ilungu leqela lakho lokwakha losapho lilungele wena kwaye leyona nto ifanelekileyo kwiimeko zakho.
Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba "bayazimela" - oko kukuthi, ukukhangela inzala (engaziwa kuwe) ngaphandle koluncedo lorhwebo. Nangona ukufumana isigxina ngokuzimela kunokungabibizi kangako, kulunge ukuba ungene kwi-arhente kwilungiselelo elinzima. Kuya kuba nzima ukunyamezela wena kunye noxhomekeke.
Enye into emele ihlale ingqondweni, ifuna ukuxhaswa ngaphandle kokuncediswa kwe-arhente ayikho indlela esemthethweni kwamanye amazwe.
Iyiphi Inkqubo yokuHlola?
Njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, kwi-grogational surrogacy, kukho iindlela ezine zokukhetha umntwana:
Ukusebenzisa iqanda kunye nesidoda kubazali abajoliswe kuyo. Kule meko, bobazali ababenqwenelayo babeza kuzaliswa ngokomzimba kumntwana.
Ukusebenzisa iqanda okanye i-sperm evela kumzali ojoliswe kumntu omnye, ngokudibanisa neqanda lomnini okanye umsi. Kule meko, omnye umzali ohlosiweyo uza kuzaliswa ngokwasemzimbeni.
Ukusebenzisa iqanda lomnikeli kunye nomniki wesini. Kule meko, abazali abahlosiweyo abayi kuba neengcambu eziphathelene nomzimba. (Oku kungakhokelela kwiinkcaso zomthetho kwezinye iindawo.)
Ukusebenzisa i-embryo yokunikela. Oku kungayi kubangela ukuba ulwalamano lwezityalo lube nolwasemntwaneni, olunokubangela imiba esemthethweni kwezinye iindawo.
Ukuze kube lula ukwenza oko sele kuseyinkqubo enzima, le nkcazo iza kuthatha ukuba abazali abajoliswe ukuba banike iqanda kunye nesidoda sokukhulelwa.
Okokuqala, abazali abahlosiweyo baya kuthatha isigqibo ngolu hlobo loogqirha ukuba ukunyuka kwamagciwane kukukhetha ukuba babe nomntwana, kwaye ukuba umama kunye noyise ohlosiweyo banamaqanda kunye nesidoda esinempilo ngokwaneleyo yokukhulelwa umntwana. Abazali abahlosiweyo baya kufuneka babe nokuhlola okanye ukuphonononga kwengqondo, ukubanceda baqonde ngokupheleleyo ingozi kunye neengxaki ezinokubaluleka kwe-IVF, kunye nokubanceda bacinge kwaye baqonde ezinye iinketho, kuquka ukutholwa okanye ukusukela ubomi obungabantwana. Oku kuya kwenzeka ngaphambi okanye emva kokuba abazali abafunyenweyo bafumana i-arhente.
Emva koko, abazali abahlosiweyo baya kufuneka ukuba bafumane i-agrojethi yokuxhomekeka ngokuvumelana nezidingo zabo. Ukufumana ukuhanjiswa kwidraka yabo yokuzala okanye iklinikhi, isahluko sazo SENZA isahluko, okanye isazi senzululwazi esilulekayo sinokuziqwalasela.
Ngaphambi kokukhetha i-arhente, abazali abahlosiweyo kufuneka bafumane iinkcazo, bathethe nabathengi bexesha elide (iimbini kunye nabazali), uphando kwi-arhente, kwaye ube nentlanganiso kunye nommeli.
Xa sele ikhethi likhethiweyo, kwaye ishedyuli yentlawulo ye-arhente iyaxoxwa kwaye iyavunyelwana, abazali abajoliswe kuyo baya kuboniswa iiprofayili zonyango ezenza ukuba i-agency ifumaneke. Xa kufunyaniswa ukuxhaswa komntu ovakalelwa kukuba unyanzelekile kubazali, umzuzwana "unokudibana" nabazali ngekomfa yefowuni. Ukuba oko kuhamba kakuhle, intlanganiso ye-in-person may take next. (Le nto ayisoloko ifunekayo, kodwa iphakanyisiwe kakhulu, nangona uhambo luyimfuneko.)
Ukuba abazali abahlosiweyo kunye nomntu onqwenela ukuvalelwa ukuba bafana nomdlalo, kuya kukhangela ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha nangokwengqondo (oku kunokuphindaphindiweyo nangona ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili kwenzeka). Ukuba uyadlula ukukhangela, ngoko abazali abajoliswe kuyo kunye noxanduva lwabo baya kuxoxisana nekhontrakthi, ngoncedo lwabavoti abanamava. I-arhente inokuphakamisa igqwetha, okanye unokukhetha enye.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo, akusiyo ingcamango efanelekileyo kuwe kunye nomntu ongenamalungelo okuba wabelane ngelinye igqwetha. Kungabonakala ukugcina imali, kodwa akufanelekanga ingozi yokuba yakho (okanye i-your login) ayifanele ngokupheleleyo.
Emva kokuba iisayinwe zisayinwe, iintlawulo zithethathethwana (inxalenye yenkqubo yenkontileka), kwaye zonke iintlawulo ze-surrogacy zifakwe kwi-akhawunti ye-escrow, uya kunika yonke le ngcaciso kunye nephepha kusebenza kwiklinikhi yakho yokuzala. Ngoku, inqubo yokuzikhethela ngokwayo ingaqalisa.
Ukuxhaswa komzimba kunye nomama ohlosiweyo kuya kuba nemijikelezo yokufaka iifayile kunye nokufakelwa kwee-hormonal injections. Emva kokuba umjikelezo wonyango uqalile, unina ohlosiweyo uya kuhamba ngokuqala kwonyango lwe-IVF, olubandakanya ama-injections ukukhuthaza ii-ovari kunye nokubeka esweni ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound kunye negazi.
Okwangoku, inqununu iya kuthatha amahomoni ukunceda ukulungiselela isisu sakhe sokudluliselwa kwembungu.
Ngomhla wokubuyiselwa kweqanda, ubaba ohlosiweyo uya kunika isampuli yesilwanyana kwiklinikhi. Amaqanda athatywayo aya kudibaniswa kunye nesidoda soyise ohlosiweyo. Naliphi na iibrasi eziza kubakhokwa iintsuku ezimbalwa, ukucacisa ukusebenza kwazo.
Emva koko, iintsuku ezintathu ukuya ezintlanu emva kokufunyanwa, inani elikhethiweyo lemibusi liya kutshintshwa kwisibeletho somntwana. Ingadinga ukuthabatha i-hormonal supplements ngendlela ye-injections okanye i-suppositories ukunceda ukuxhasa ukukhulelwa.
Ukuba umjikelo uphumelele, xa sele kufunyenwe intliziyo, inzala iya kuthathwa ngu-OB / GYN yakhe rhoqo. Ku nokuba noqhagamshelwano phakathi kwabazali abahlosiweyo kunye noxhomekeke kubo, ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokusebenzisa umlamli, ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Umgangatho kunye nohlobo loqhagamshelwano kufuneka kuvunyelwene ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ilungiselelo lokungena kwi-surrogacy, ngoko abazali abaziva bengashiywe kwaye i-surrogate ayifuni ukuba ilawulwa yi-micro-level.
Njengoko ixesha lokuzalwa lifika, inqununu ingadinga ukufudula ixesha elifutshane kwelinye ilizwe okanye ilizwe, apho amalungiselelo okudalwa kwamagunya avunyelwe ngokomthetho. Oku kungenakudingeka ukuba umntu ohlala naye ehlala ebudeni bobuhlobo bomhlaba okanye kwilizwe, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, kuyona nto ingcono ukhethe ukuxhomekeka kwiindawo ezithandanayo.
Konke oku kufuneka kulungiselelwe kwaye kuvunyelwene ngexesha lwenkontileka, ngoncedo lwamagqwetha.
Xa i-grogational grogational certificate iqinisekiswa ukuba iyasebenza, iya kuqhagamshelana nabazali abajoliswe kuyo. Isibhedlele kufuneka sixelelwe malunga nokulungelelanisa kwangaphambili, ngoko kunxibelelwano olufanelekileyo kunye nokufikelela kufumaneka kubo bonke abachaphazelekayo.
Ingaba abazali abajoliswe kuyo baya kuba kunye nokuxhomekeka kwabo ngexesha okanye emva kokuzalwa kuya kuxhomekeka kwizivumelwano phakathi kwabo, benethemba lokuba banqunywe ngaphambili. Abanye abaza kuxhamla baya kuba novuyo lokuba nabazali bakho, ngelixa abanye banokucela ubumfihlo babo bonke okanye iinxalenye zabasebenzi.
Ukucinga ukuba kubakho ukuzala okuvuyayo kunye nokusempilweni, abazali kufuneka bafike babambe umntwana emva nje kokuzalwa. Kwezinye izilungiso zokusondeza, inqununu yokuvumelanisa ingavumelana nokubonelela ubisi lwebele olunyamekileyo kwithuba elithile.
Igosa kufuneka lilungiselele amalungelo omzali okanye iphepha lokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuba kuzalwe, kwaye kufuneka lufumaneke ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana okanye kubantwana. Oku kuya kunceda ukufumana amagama abazali abahlosiweyo kwisatifikethi sokuzalwa, endaweni yegama lomngcwabo.
Kwamanye amazwe nakwamanye amazwe, kukho ukulibaziseka okufunekayo kweentsuku okanye iiveki ngaphambi kokuba inqununu ikwazi ukuqinisekisa abazali abahlosiweyo njengabazali bokwenene.
Ngelixa sisoloko sithemba impumelelo, kungenzeka ukuba umjikelezo we-IVF awuyi kuphumelela kwaye kuzakuzama ukulandelana. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba umjikelezo we-IVF ukhutshwe phakathi kwezozathu zonyango, kuba akukho ma-embryythi angasebenza, ukuba inzala ingakhulelwa kunye nama-embryos asebenzayo, okanye ukuxhomekeka komzimba kungaphumelela.
Ezinye iingxaki ezinokuthi zithinteke kwi-surrogacy zibandakanya ukukhulelwa okuphezulu okuphezulu , oku kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukukhulelwa komntwana (into ekufuneka ixoxwe ngayo ngaphambi kokusayinwa isivumelwano semvume yokuzinikela); ukufumanisa isiphako sokuzalwa, esingaholela kwimibandela yokuphelisa ukukhulelwa; okanye nayiphi na inamba yokukhulelwa kwengxaki kunye nomntwana okanye umntwana.
Zonke ezi meko zifanele zixoxwe ngaphambi kokuba iisontraki zisayinwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abazali kunye nabazali abahlosiweyo bavumelana malunga nendlela yokusingatha ngayo imeko.
Ixabisa Kangakanani Impilo?
Iindleko zokuxhamla ziya kuxhomekeka kumanani amaninzi, kubandakanywa nokuba ngaba i-surrogate yaziwa, ukuba i-surrogacy "i-traderogacy" (ithetha ukuba inzala iyakufumana impindiselo ngenxa yeenkonzo zayo njengenqununu, phantse njalo kwimeko e-United States) , kwaye xa kunikwa umrhumo okanye umnikelo wombindi. Iqondo lamava loxando luya kuphazamisa intengo, kunye neengxaki ezithintekayo ezininzi.
Okokuthi, uluhlu luphakathi kwe-$ 50,000 ukuya kwii-100,000 zamawaka, ezibandakanya iintlawulo zomthetho, iirhafu ze-agency, iimali ze- IVF , kunye neentlawulo kumntu ongenamdla.
Umntu ongenamdla, ngoxinzelelo lwezorhwebo, udlalwa phakathi kweedola ezingama-20 ukuya kwii-35,000 zamawaka. Iintlawulo zinikwe kwiindawo, ngokuqala ngokuqinisekiswa kwentliziyo kunye nokunikezelwa nganye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, nge-akhawunti yokukhawuleza ekufuneka isetyenziswe ngaphambi kwenkqubo ye-IVF.
I-inshorensi kaninzi ayifuni ukulungelelanisa, kodwa ngezinye iimeko, unokubambisa iinkqubo ezithile, ezifana ne-IVF unyango. Umntu obelethwe ngumntwana kunye nokuzalwa angabhekiswa ngabanye abathwali bomshuwalense, kodwa abanye baquka icandelwana lokukhutshwa ngaphandle. (Xa ukhetha ukuxhaswa, ukufumana umntu onomshuwalense uyafaneleka.)
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ulungelelaniso lwe-surrogacy lonke luseqabile kwaye aluze lugqitywe ngokupheleleyo, kufuneka uceba ukuhlawula yonke inkqubo.
Ngakumbi kwi-IVF:
- Iimpawu ze-IVF: Kutheni kwenziwa, Yintoni eyenzekayo, Into exabisa ngayo
- Iimbusi ezongezelelweyo emva kwe-IVF: 5 Izinketho zokuCamngca
- Ixabiso le-IVF lingakanani?
- Iindlela ezi-7 zokuhlawula ngaphantsi kwaye ufumane i-Cash ye-IVF
- Ziziphi iirhafu ze-IVF?
- Uvavanyo lwe-Ovarian Reserve: Yintoni enokukuxelela yona, into engenako
- I-IVF kunye neveki ezimbini zilinde: Ukuphumla kwebhedlele, u-Sex, kunye noxinzelelo
- Ukutshintshwa kwe-Embryo Transfer: Yintoni ongayilindela, Kutheni eyenziwe
- Gonadotropin Side Effects and Risks
- Ukukhetha Ukungahambisani Nokunyangwa Kwezityalo
Imithombo:
Brinsden, uPeter R. Ukuhlaziywa koLuntu ukuPhucula, Vol.9, No.5 iphe. 483 ± 491, 2003 http://humupd.oxfordjournals.org/content/9/5/483.full.pdf
Brisman, uMelissa B. Yintoni ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ucinga ngokuxhaswa kweGestational Surrogacy. IBhunga leNational Council malunga neNgcaciso yolwazi lokuSasazwa. http://www.inciid.org/article.php?cat=thirdparty&id=786
Sharon LaMothe. http://lamothesurrogacyconsulting.com/ I-imeyile Inkcazelo / Intetho. Agasti 16 no-17, 2011.
Ukuxhaswa. I-Human Fertilization kunye ne-Embryology Authority. http://www.hfea.gov.uk/fertility-treatment-options-surrogacy.html
Ukuzaliswa kweqela lesithathu (i-Sperm, iqanda, kunye nomnikelo wombindi kunye ne-surrogacy). Umbutho waseMelika weMithi yokuzala. http://www.asrm.org/uploadedFiles/ASRM_Content/Resources/Patient_Resources/Fact_Sheets_and_Info_Booklets/thirdparty.pdf
Iinkqubo zokuHlola (# 17). Imibuzo Yokucela Umxholo. QHUBEKA. http://familybuilding.resolve.org/site/DocServer/Surrogacy_Programs.pdf?docID=544