Uphuhliso lwabantwana bakho kwiiveki ezi-7

Ezinye iincwadi zabazali, amaphephancwadi kunye namaqaku ewebhusayithi agxininisa kumama omtsha, eshiye ubaba omtsha kunye nendima yakhe njengomzali. Kufuneka ufunde ngamanye amanyathelo okufuneka umntwana wakho ahambe ngayo kwiiveki ezi-7.

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Intombazana kaTata (okanye umfana)

Ngethamsanqa, abaninzi abaninzi bathatha indlela engaphezulu yokunika iingcebiso kubazali abatsha, enoba umama okanye utata omtsha angazibona. Ekubeni abaninzi oothatha iimbopheleleko ezinzulu ekunyamekeleni iintsana zabo, banokwenzeka ukuba bafune ukufunda nge-colic, iintsana zamavithamini, i-skin rashes, njl.

Ukongeza kokufunda malunga nazo zonke izakhono ezisisiseko zokuba ngumzali, njengokuba utshintshile i-diapers, ukuthuthuzela umntwana okhalayo, nokunika umntwana umntwana uhlambe, abatsha abatsha kufuneka bafunde indima yabo kwintsapho yabo entsha.

Umsebenzi kaBawo

Ingxabano inokuvela xa utata unemibono eyahlukileyo malunga naluphi indima afuna ukuyithatha ekunyamekeleni umntwana wakhe omtsha kunye nendima ekulindeleke kuye. Ukuba akayicingi into ebomini bakhe iya kutshintsha kwaye usenokuya ukuya kwindawo yokuzivocavoca imihla ngemihla okanye uchitha ixesha layo "ebusuku kunye nabafana," kodwa umama wayekulindele iqabane elilinganayo lomzali ukunceda ukunakekela umntwana omtsha, ngoko mhlawumbi uya kuba neengxaki.

Nangona kukho iingcamango ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo zento obawo ontle, ootata bangaqala ukuqala ngoku:

• Ukufunda indlela yokunyamekela umntwana wabo omtsha
• Ukuxhasa inkxaso yokuncelisa
• Ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kunye nosapho
• Ukukwabelana ngemisebenzi yomzali ngokulinganayo
• Ukuba nesicwangciso sekusasa lemali yentsapho, enokubandakanya intando, inshorensi yobomi, umshuwalense wokukhubazeka, njl njl.

Kwiintsuku zokuqala zeentsana kunye neenyanga, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luncedo kakhulu xa utata ethatha ininzi yemisebenzi yasendlini. Oku kushiya ixesha elingakumbi lokuba uMama nosana babe kunye.

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IsiXhosa

Ukuphela kwenyanga yesibini yengane yakho yithuba elihle lokuqalisa ixesha le-tummy , yinto yokusebenzisa umntwana wakho kwisisu sakhe ixesha elifutshane ngelixa evukile.

Iintsana kule minyaka zihlakulela ukulawula intloko kunye nentamo kungakwazi ukuphakamisa iintloko zabo ngokufutshane kwaye abazange bafunde ukuba abayithandi ixesha lesisu.

Kutheni Isikhathi Sokuxhatshazwa Kwexesha Eliyingozi?

Ekubeni umntwana wakho ufanele alale emhlane wakhe ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-SIDS, unako ukusetyenziswa kwesi sikhundla kwaye angakuthandi ukuba ube kwisisu sakhe. Ngelishwa, iintsana ezichitha ixesha elininzi kwiminyango yabo, ingakumbi ukuba zihlala zihlala kwindawo enye, zikwazi ukuphuhlisa i- plagiocephaly yemoya , okanye intloko epholileyo.

Ixesha le-tummy linokuthintela ukuphuculwa kwezinto ezincinci ekuphuhliseni iindawo eziphambili, kuquka ukugqithisa, ukuhlala, nokukhwela, ezinokuchaphazela ezinye iintsana ezihlala zihlala emhlane.

Kwaye kumnandi kumama, kubantwana kunye nabazali!

Iingcebiso Zokunceda Umntwana Wakho Anandiphe ixesha le-Tummy

• Qala ngexesha elifutshane lexesha lomzimba, mhlawumbi nje imizuzu emibini okanye emithathu ngemini, kwaye usebenze imizuzu engama-10 ukuya kweyimizuzu engama-20 ngesisu esisodwa okanye kabini ngosuku.
• Beka umva wakho kwaye ubeke umntwana wakho phantsi esifubeni sakho, umxube phantsi.
• Mbeke kwixesha lokudlala umdlalo ngamathambo athile afanelekileyo ukudlala kunye naye, ngokukodwa xa unamandla okwenyama omzimba okwaneleyo ukuba afikelele kwaye adlale nabo.
• Phakamisa isifuba sakhe ngomqulo.

• Yehla phantsi emntwaneni wakho uze uthethe okanye uyicule.

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EziPhambili

Nangona kubonakala ngathi umntwana wakho osana olusandul 'utsha aluzange enze lukhulu kakhulu uphuhliso, ininzi iqalisa ukuba yenzeke ekupheleni kwenyanga yesibini.

Okwangoku, umntwana wakho angaqala uku:

• Qaphela zakhe izandla
• Qaphela abazali bakhe ngokumomotheka xa uthetha naye, umzekelo
• Gxininisa izinto malunga ne-8 ukuya kwi-intshi ezili-12 kude nobuso bakhe
• Landela izinto ezidlulileyo kumgca wobuso bakhe
• Khahlaka, squeal, kwaye wenze "ooh" ne "aah" izandi
• Gcina intloko yakhe kwi-45 okanye ngezinye ii-90 degree degree
• Hlala kunye nenkxaso kwaye ubambe intloko
• Phendula ngezwi elikhulu
• Yithwala ubunzima kwimilenze yakhe

Ingaba enye inyanga okanye ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho afinyelele kuzo zonke ezi zinto zibalulekileyo zentuthuko , nangona kunjalo.

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Ukukhetha ukhathalelo lweNtsana kwiNtsana

Ngokwezibalo ze-US Census Bureau, ama-30 ukuya ku-45% omama abatsha babuyela emsebenzini xa umntwana wabo uneminyaka emibili ukuya kweyesithathu ubudala. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba kufuneka wenze amalungiselelo ngoku ukunakekelwa kwabantwana kwintsana yakho.

Iintlobo zononophelo loluntu onokucinga ngazo ukuba uMama uya kusebenza ngaphandle kwekhaya:

• Hlala ekhaya ekhaya
• Umama nobawo abaye benza ezinye iishedyuli zomsebenzi
• Ilungu lentsapho elinyamekela umntwana
• Nanny
• Ukunakekelwa kwintsapho ekhaya
• Ukunakekelwa kwosuku lweqela

Ekubeni akukho bukhulu bomntu obunjani-bonke uhlobo lokunakekelwa kwamasango, abazali kufuneka bachithe ixesha elithile bafumana ilungiselelo lokunakekela abantwana ngokufanelekileyo kwintsapho yabo. Ngamnye unemiqobo kunye nezibonelelo zayo.

Umzekelo, ngelixa umntwana wakho enokuthi abe neqela labantwana abaninzi kwiindawo zokunyamekela iintsuku kwintsuku kunabantwana basekhaya, abanye abantu banomuzwa wokuba banakekelwa ngabaninzi kwi-day care providers. Ukuba nabantwana abancinci kwindlela yokunakekelwa kwintsapho kungase kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho ugula kangangoko, nangona kunjalo.

Xa ukhetha ukunakekelwa kweso , qiniseka ukuba:

• Ilayisenisi kwaye ivunyiwe nguRhulumente wakho.
• Umyinge womntwana ukuya kumntwana kwiqela lokunakekelwa kwintsana kwiintsana kunye neentsana akukho mkhulu kunomnye unonophelo kuzo zonke iintsana ezintathu; kufuneka kungekho ngaphezu kweesithandathu iintsana kwiqela kunye.
• Umyinge womntwana ukuya kwintsapho kwintsapho yokuzalwa kwintsana kunye neentsana azikho ngaphezu komncedisi ngamnye kwiintsana ezine (ukuba kukho umntwana omnye kuphela ngaphantsi kweminyaka emibini kwiqela); Kufuneka kube ngabantwana ababini kuphela kwiqela ukuba babini bangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini.

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Gassy Foods

Iintsana ezininzi ezisandul 'ukuzalwa kunye neentsana ezincinci zinayo igesi . Ngelishwa, loo gesi ngokuqhelekileyo ayihambi kwinyanga yesibini yomntwana wakho. Enyanisweni, igesi eqhelekileyo yokuba iintsana ezininzi zihlala zingahambi kude zibe ziinyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu.

Ingaba igesi ebangela umntwana wakho naziphi na iingxaki?

Kunzima ukuthetha, kodwa khumbula ukuba i-gesi ibhekwa njengesiqhelo. Iintsana ezininzi zihlala zinegesi rhoqo emini nasemini.

Kukho ezininzi "iingxaki" zengane eziye zenzeka ngeli xesha, kwaye abazali abaninzi banokungxuma ukuba badibanise. Ngokomzekelo, unokucinga ukuba ukuba umntwana wakho unayo igesi kwaye uvuka kangangeentsuku ebusuku, kufuneka kube yigesi egcina umntwana wakho engalali. Inyaniso baninzi abaneminyaka eveki-sixhenxe bevuswa kungakhathaliseki ukuba abanayo igesi.

Oku kuhamba nje kubonisa ukuba i-gas yakho yegesi ayifanelekanga ukuba ivakalise ukukhala kwayo okanye iipatheni zokulala. Yonke inokuqhelekileyo yintsana ezimbini okanye ezintathu zenyanga.

Ukuxiliswa kunye neGesi

Ukudla kokuncelisa umama kudla ukucinga ukuba yimbangela yegesi yengane. Ngelixa kunokutya okukhethekileyo okubangela umntwana ukuba abe ne-gassy, ​​khumbula ukuba ezininzi iintsana zinayo igesi. Ngaphandle kokuba igesi ibangela intlungu, umama osondezayo akafaneki ukuba ahambe kwiinkathazo ezininzi ekunciphiseni oko akudlayo.

Ukutya okudla ngokubhaliweyo ngokuthi "ukutya okunokutya" kubandakanya:

• Ubisi lweenkomo kunye nemveliso yobisi
• Ibrokholi
• I Brussel ihluma
• Ikhaphetshu
• Icauliflower
• Iikotyi
• Igalikhi
• Anyanisi
• Pepper

Ukuba umntwana ubonakala enyuka emva kokuba umama adle enye yokutya, ngoko unokufuna ukuzama ukuwaphepha kwikamva.

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I-Plagiocephaly kunye neentloko ze-Flat

Ukubeka kwindawo enye ixesha elide kunokusebenzisa amandla amaninzi entloko yentsana kwaye kubangela ukuba intloko ibe yi-misshapen, ebizwa ngokuba yimeko yepalgiocephaly.

Ekubeni iziphakamiso zezikhundla zokulala zitshintshile kwaye abazali baqala ukubeka abantwana ukuba balele emhlane wabo ukuze banciphise umngcipheko we-SIDS, le ngxaki iye yanda kakhulu.

Iintsana nazo zingaba mngcipheko wepalgiocephaly yangasemva ukuba zihleli kwisihlalo semoto, isihlalo somoya, okanye sitshintsha ixesha elide. Eminye indlela, njengengubo, ukubetha, okanye umphathiswa, ngokuqhelekileyo ukubeka uxinzelelo olungaphantsi kwintloko yomntwana kwaye lunokunceda ekuthintela intloko.

Nangona ininzi iintsana zihlakulela i-plagiocephaly yemoya ngenxa yokuba zikhetha ukulala kwindawo enye, abanye banengxaki ngenxa yokuba bayanyanzelisa ukunyakaza kwentamo kwaye abanakukunceda ukubeka kwindawo efanayo. La bantwana, abo abane-torticol congenital, abanokunyanzeliswa kwelinye icala entanyeni yabo kwaye banokuba bunzima bunzima entanyeni yabo.

Ukuthintela iNtloko yePlanga

Ekubeni i-plagiocephaly yangaphaya ibangelwa ingcinezelo eninzi kwinto enye yentloko yakho yintsana, unokuyithintela ukuba ingabikho ngokushenxisa indawo ohlala kuyo umntwana. Oku akuthethi ukuba umele ubeke umntwana wakho ukuba alale ngasemva, kodwa unako ukukhetha enye indawo yekhanda edla ngokulala kuyo.

Ukuchitha ixesha elide kwisisu sakhe 'ngexesha lomzimba' xa evukile (isikhundla esifanelekileyo) kunye nokulawulwa kweso sigqibo esihle. Zama ukuphepha ukuba umntwana wakho athathe ixesha elide kwisimo esifanayo emva kwakhe xa evukile.

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Burns

Ngeke ucinge ukuba abadala beeveki ezisixhenxe baya kuba sebunciphekweni bokutshiswa. Emva koko, abanako ukufikelela kunye nokuchukumisa insimbi yokuloba, kunjalo? Kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi ezibeka umntwana wakho engozini yokutshiswa. Yaye isinyithi yokuloba singenakukufikelela kude ukuba unayo umntwana wakho kwi-carrier xa ulungelelanisa iinwele zakho.

Izicwangciso zomlilo zokuKhaya

Enye yezona zinto ezibonakala zibala kakhulu ezinokutshisa umntwana ngumlilo. Ngelixa abaninzi abazali bekhangela umsi womsiza ukuba bawazise ngemililo emizini yabo, bahlala bewubonelela isidingo sokucima umlilo xa bephethe abantwana abancinci. Nangona kunjalo, isicwangciso somlilo sokuphepha ekhaya asikho nje abantwana abadala abakufuneka bafunde ukuba kufuneka bakuhlangabezane ngaphandle kwebhokisi leposi, umzekelo. Kungaba lukhuseleko olubalulekileyo kubazali, ngokunjalo, ukuze balungiselele kwaye bayazi ukuba ngubani umzali oya kubakhupha abantwana ngaphandle kwendlu xa kukho umlilo.

Ukhuseleko lwabantwana

Umkhuba oqhelekileyo wokusebenzisa umntwana okanye ukuphatha umntanakho ukumbamba umntwana wakho unokumbeka emngciphekweni wokutshiswa. Ngethuba ubeka umntwana wakho ekugqibeni okanye ekuphatheni angakunika amandla okwenza izinto xa ubeka umntwana wakho eduze komzimba wakho, kufuneka uqaphele ukuba umntwana wakho akayi kutshiswa. Oko kuthetha ukuba ungathwali utywala obushushu ngelixa umntwana wakho ephethe umntwana okanye ephethe umtya, kwaye uhlala kude nesitofu nezinye izixhobo ezishushu.

Ukukhusela Ukutsha

Ezinye iingcebiso zokukhusela ukukhusela umlilo kunye nokutshisa ziquka:

• Ukubeka iqondo lokushisa lakho lokufudumala kwamanzi ukuya kuma-degrees angu-120
• Ukungashiyi amakhandlela okanye indawo yokucima umlilo engagqithwanga
• Ukugqoka umntanakho kwi-sleeping-fire-resistant-sleepingwearwear (ukujonga iilebula)
• Ukuvavanya umsi wakho womsindo nganye ngenyanga kwaye utshintshe amabhetri ngamnye ngonyaka
• Ukugcina imifino kunye neebhendi kude nabantwana

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Xa ubiza umnxeba wakho

Abazali bomntwana omncinci, ngokukhethekileyo abazali bokuqala, ngamanye amaxesha bahendelwa ukuba babize abantwana babo kwiintlungu zegesi enye, i-stool free or rash. Nangona kunjalo, nangona unomntwana ohlala kuncedisayo, kufuneka uzame ukufunda indlela yokubona ukuba impawu zibangelwa yinkinga enkulu yonyango kwaye xa kukho into eqhelekileyo kwaye inokunyamekelwa ekhaya.

Xa ubiza umnxeba wakho

Ngokubanzi, kufuneka ubizele unobantwana bakho ukuba umntwana wakho:

• Unomkhuhlane (ubushushu obumqolo okanye ngaphezulu kwe-100.4 F yabantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-3 ubudala; 101 F iintsana ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ubudala; 103 F iintsana ezintandathu kwiinyanga okanye ngaphezulu)
• Ukuhlanza ngaphezu kwamaxesha ambalwa, ngakumbi xa kuluhlaza okomnyama okanye i-projectile
• Ngaba izibonakaliso zokungcoliswa kwamanzi (ukuhamba ngokuncinci kangangoko, umlomo owomileyo, ukulahleka kwesisindo, njl.)
• Ngaba ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kwanda ngakumbi emva kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5, kuchitha ixesha elingaphezulu kweentsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwi-10, okanye kuza kwizinto ezichaphazela ukuphefumula (uphawu lwe- pertussis )
• Ngaba unenkinga yokuphefumula (ngokukhawuleza, ukuphefumla kanzima kunye nokuvutha)
• Ngaba kunzima kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuthuthuzela
• Ngaba i-lethargic kwaye inzima ukuvuka, ingakumbi ukuba uyaphula ukudla
• Unesifo sohudo
• Ugule, njenge-infection ear, indwangu, okanye isifo sohudo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza kubonakala kukubi kakhulu

Ewe, xa ungathandabuzeki, zithembele zakho izilwanyana uze unxepheze ugqirha wezilwanyana okanye ufune unyango xa umntwana wakho eneempawu okanye ingxaki enokukhathalele ngayo.

Kwaye ngenxa yezinto ezithile - ezifana nokutshatyalaliswa, ukuwa kunye nokulahleka kwengqondo okanye ukusabela okuthe tye - kufuneka ufune ngokukhawuleza u-911 uze uxelele udokotela wezilwanyana kuphela emva kokuba umntwana wakho efumene unyango lwengxamisekileyo.

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Iintsholongwane zentsana

Nangona umntwana usenokufumana ukugonya kwakhe kokuqala kwe-Hepatitis B xa wayesemaphandleni, akayi kufumana "i-set" yakhe yokuqala yamashishini aze abe neenyanga ezimbini ubudala.

Oku kuya kuvela ngelixa nje ngeveki, ngoko yinto efanelekileyo yokufunda malunga neentsholongwane umntwana wakho oza kufumana.

Ishedyuli yokugonywa

Njengengxenye yeshedyuli yokugonywa kwabantwana, icebo lenu luza kufumana ukugonywa okulandelayo kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuhlola:

• Rota (Rotavirus okanye RotaTeq) - isitofu somlomo
• DTaP
• I-HepB (i-Hepatitis B)
• I-IPV (i-Polio engasebenzi)
• Hib
• Prevnar (PCV13)

Ngethamsanqa, ngenxa yokuba umntwana wakho ufumana iintsholongwane ezithandathu kwi-check-month yakhe yokuhlola, oko akuthethi ukuba ufumana izibhozo ezithandathu.

UkuHlanganiswa koMxube

Ukongeza kwi-"Rota" okanye i-rotavirus isitofu sokugonywa ngomlomo, ezinye ezininzi izitofu ziyafumaneka ngokudibeneyo.

Izitofu zokudibanisa ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka:

• I-Pediarix (inhlanganisela ye-DTaP, i-IPV, ne-HepB)
• I-Pentacel (inhlanganisela ye-DTaP, i-IPV, ne-Hib)

Ukusetyenziswa kwePediarix okanye i-Pentacel kunokuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana izibhengezo ezimbini ezimbalwa kwiintsuku ezilandelayo zokutyelela kwinqanaba labantwana.

IiNkcazo zeNkcazo zeNkcazo

Oogqirha bezilwanyana kufuneka banikele abazali ngeSpuk Information Sheets (UVV) kwisigontsho ngasinye esinike umntwana. Ezi ngcaciso malunga neenzuzo kunye neengozi zesitofu ngasinye kunye nezibonelelo ezintle.

Ngelishwa, abazali bahlala bebafumana ngexesha elifanayo abantwana babo baya kufumana iigonya zabo kwaye abanaso ixesha elide lokuziphonononga. Uyakwazi ukufunda iifayile zeeNkcukacha zeNtsholongwane ngaphambi kwexesha lokuqeshwa kwakho ukuze ulungiselele ukutyelela kwakho ngokuzayo.

> Imithombo:

> Ingxelo yeNkqubo ye-AAP. UMgangatho weMfundo yokuqala kunye noNonophelo lwabantwana ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya kwi-Kindergarten. PEDIATRICS Vol. 115 Ngo-1 Januwari 2005, iphe. 187-191.

> I-US Census Bureau Report. I-Leave of Maternity Leave and Patterns of Employment of Mothers Time-Time: 1961 - 2000.