Konke NgoBantwana Bakho Ngeveki Emashumi Amabini

Iyintoni injongo yakho yokuncelisa umntwana wakho?

Ngamanye amagama-uzimisele kangakanani ixesha lokuncelisa? Iinyanga ezintathu? Iinyanga ezintandathu? Zinyanga e zithoba? Iinyanga ezililishumi elinambini okanye ngaphezulu?

Ngaba ufikelela kuloo njongo?

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Ukufikelela kwiinjongo zakho zokuncelisa

Ngokweziphumo ezininzi zophando, ngelixa malunga neepesenti ezingama-65 zoomama baqala ukuncelisa, iipesenti ezingama-30 kuphela zisasazela iintsuku ezintandathu kwaye i-15% kuphela isalusayo xa umntwana wabo uneminyaka eyi-12 ubudala.

Oku kuphantsi kweZifo eziPheleleyo ze-2010, iinjongo zeenjongo zezempilo zelizwe, ukuba ama-50 ekhulwini oomama bancelisayo kwiinyanga ezintandathu kunye neepesenti ezingama-25 kwiinyanga ezili-12.

Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba i-American Academy ye-Pediatrics incoma ukuba "ukunyamezela kufuneka kuqhutywe ubuncinane kunyaka wokuqala wobomi kunye nangaphezulu kwexesha elide elifunwa ngumama nomntwana."

Ewe, izinto azihlali zihleli njengoko zicwangcisiweyo. Kodwa ukuba unandipha ukuncelisa kwaye izinto zihamba kakuhle wena kunye nosana lwakho, unokucinga ukuba uqhubeka uncelisayo kude kube yintsana yakho ubuncinane. Yaye ukuba uqala ukuba neengxaki zokuncelisa ezithatha endleleni yakho, unganqikazi ukubiza udokotela wakho wezilwanyana kunye / okanye umcebisi wezobisi ukuze uthole uncedo.

Ezi ngxaki zingabandakanya:

• Biting
• Isiteyimu sokunyamekela
• Ukuveliswa kwemveliso yobisi
• Ukuqhawula kwangaphambili

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho iindlela ezinokulula ongazithatha ukuze unqobelele iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezisongela amandla akho okuncelisa. Ungesabi ukubuza, ubuze kwakhona. Ukongeza kwincwadana yezilwanyana kunye nabacebisi bamathambo, ukuthetha nabanye oomama abancinci banokukunika iingcamango ezinceda ukuba bajamelane neengxaki ezifanayo.

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Ukutya kwaBantwana

Njengabazali bazame ukutya okutsha, kubalulekile ukulinda iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu phakathi kokutya kokutya. Ukulinda iintsuku ezimbalwa kukuvumela ukuba uqaphele kalula ukuba yeyiphi ukutya okubangela ukuba naluphi na ukutya okubangelwa kukutya okanye ukunyamezela.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba uqalise ukutya okubini okanye abathathu ngosuku olufanayo kunye nosana lwakho luneengxaki, bekuya kunzima ukwazi ukuba kukuphi na ukutya okusemntwaneni. Ukuba ujamelene nale ngxaki, kunjalo, awuyedwa. Abazali abaninzi banomdla kakhulu ekubukeni abantwana babo bazame izinto ezintsha ukuba balinde i-quisitite ezimbini okanye iintsuku ezintathu. Ngoko unokwazi njani ukuba umntwana wakho unokutya kokutya?

Ukutya kwabantwana be-Allergy Symptoms

Nangona beyazi ukuba kufuneka balinde ukuqala ukutya okutsha, abazali abahlali beqinisekile ukuba ziphi iimpawu okanye iimpawu abazibukeleyo. Uyazi njani ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo sokungabikho kokutya okanye ukunyamezela emva kokuqalisa ukutya kwasekutsha?

Ubuninzi bexesha, iimpawu zokungabonakali kokuzalwa komntwana ziza kuba yiloo nto ukulindela ukususela kwisifo esiphezulu sokutya kumntu nawuphi na, kuquka:

• Uhudo
• Ukukhwabanisa isikhumba, kubandakanywa nemihlathi
• Ukuvutha
• Ukugubha
• Iintlanzi zesisu

Ezinye iimpawu, ezinjengegesi kunye nokutsalwa kwegazi, ngamanye amaxesha udodi, kunokwenzeka ukuba kubangelwe ukungaboni kokutya.

Ukungafaneli ukuthanda intsingiselo ethile into ayidla ngokuba ngumqondiso wesifo. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba umntwana wakho akanakuthanda ukutya okanye kufuneka afunde ukutyekwa okanye ukutyiwa kokutya kwabantwana. Kuloo nto yokutya umntwana ukuba umntwana wakho angabonakali ukuthanda ngokukhawuleza, unokuzama ukuzama ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho adle rhoqo.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unokwenene okanye ukungahambisani nokutya okuthile, kufuneka uyeka ukumnika umntwana wakho kwaye uqhubele kwenye into. Unokuzama ukuzama ukutya kwakhona kwiinyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu-ingakumbi ukuba kwakunomdla omncinci-ukubona ukuba umntwana wakho ekugqibeleni uyanyamezela ukutya. Xoxa nodokotela wakho wezingane ngaphambi kokuba unike ukutya kwintsana yakho ukuba ngaba yinto engathandekiyo, njengomnye owabandakanya ukuqhuma okanye ukuba umntwana wakho uyasabela kwiimvavanyo ezininzi zokuzama ukutya.

Ukutya okuqhelekileyo kokutya kubantwana kubandakanya:

• Ubisi
• Amaqanda
• Intlanzi
• I-Shellfish
• Amantongomthi emithi
• Ngqolowa
• Amanqatha
• IiSoybe

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Umntwana Wamehlo

Umntwana wakho unokubona njani ngoku?

Kucacile ukuba umntwana wakho unokubona bhetele ngakumbi kunoko wakwenzayo, njengoko elandelayo emva kwegumbi kwaye akubukele. Kodwa unokuba usenokuzibuza ukuba ubuhle bakhe bunjani.

Ngethuba ekuqaleni kwenyanga yokuqala, umntwana wakho wayeza kugxila kwizinto ezazingangokuhamba kwenyawo ebusweni bakhe, ngoku ubona izinto ngokucacileyo ezininzi ezinyawo. Kwakhona, ngaphezu kwendlela elula, ephakamileyo eyahlukileyo njengeyintsana, umntwana wakho ngoku unokubona imibala, imilo kunye neepatheni.

Umbono wengane yakho iya kuqhubeka iqokelele kwiinyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezizayo, njengoko iyaqhubeka iyaqonda imibala eyahlukileyo kakhulu kunye neendlela ezinzima kunye neepateni. Akayi kuba nombono we-20/20 ade abe phakathi kwenyanga engama-6 ukuya kwe-30 ubudala.

Amehlo omntwana wakho akafanele 'awele' xa sele efikelele kwiiveki ezingama-20 ubudala. Ukuba ubona amehlo akho umntwana ewela, khuluma nomntwana wakho, onokuthi, naye, unokucebisa ukubonisana nomntwana we-ophthalmologist.

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Iimpawu zeBlack Flag

Xa umntwana wakho egula, njengempumlo ephihliweyo, ukukhwehlela okanye umkhuhlane, uyazi njani ukuba sisifo sentsholongwane esilula okanye into enzulu kakhulu?

Ziziphi iimpawu okufanele uzikhathazeke ngazo?

Fever

Uninzi lwabazali banenkxalabo malunga nomkhuhlane, kodwa ukuphakama komkhuhlane akukuxeleli ukuba ugula umntwana wakho. Umntwana unokufumana ukushisa kwama-102 okanye ama-103 degrees F ngentsholongwane okanye enye intsholongwane yintsholongwane, kodwa usenokuba usitya kunye nokusela kwaye ulala kwaye ungagula kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umntwana angagula kakhulu nge-fever low-grade fever okanye kungabi nantliziyo na.

Ngoko kunokuba ukhathazeke ngokushisa kwangoku, cinga ezinye iimpawu zomntwana xa unesifo somkhuhlane. Iimpawu zingabandakanya inkathazo yokuphefumla, ukuxhalaba, ukunyamezela kwaye kunzima ukudizela, okanye ukunqumla ukunyusa. Umkhuhlane unokukhathazeka xa kunzima ukulawula, njengokungathi awuhla phantsi konke emva kokunika umntwana wakho umciphiso wamagciwane, njengeTylenol.

Kufuneka ubiza umnqweno wezingane okanye ufune unyango xa umntwana wakho:

• Iinyanga ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu ubudala kunye neqondo lokushisa okanye ngaphezu kwe-101 F (38.3 C)
• Iinyanga ezithandathu ukuya kweyeshumi elinambini kunye neqondo lokushisa okanye ngaphezulu kwe-103 F (39.4 C)

Iimpawu zeBlack Flag

Ezinye iimpawu ezifanele ukuphakamisa ifulegi ebomvu enokuthi umntwana wakho angadinga ingqwalaselo yonyango ngokukhawuleza iquka:

• Ukuhlanza okuluhlaza (okuluhlaza obumnyama) - Oku kungabonakalisa ukukhutshwa kwamathumbu
• Ukurhoxiswa kwamanzi
• Ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza
• Ukukhwehlela rhoqo, ukuze umntwana wakho angakwazi ukuphefumula phakathi kokukhwehlela
• Ukuvuthwa okanye uhudo olukhokelela ekudambiseni amanzi
• Ukuba ngumntu onzima okanye onzima ukuvuka
• Ukuxhamla
• I-fontanel ekhulayo (indawo epholileyo)
• Ukukhwabanisa kwesikhumba esingenayo i-blanch (i-rash engahambiyo xa ucinezela kuyo) - Ukukhwabanisa kwesikhumba okungenayo i-blanching, ngokungafani nalawo masebe, ingaba i-petechiae, amancinci amancinci aphuma phantsi kwesikhumba

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Isaziso soKhuseleko - IziPhene zeSihlalo seMoto

Ukubeka umntwana kwisihlalo semoto kubonakala ngathi kufanele kube lula. Kunoko, kulula kakhulu ukwenza impazamo enokushiya umntwana wakho ukhuseleke kangako kunokuba kufuneka abe.

Emuva Ejongene Neemilinganiselo Zokuhlala Kweenqwelo Zezimoto

Enye yeziphene eziqhelekileyo abazali abazenzayo kukuba abayiqondi izikhokelo zesikhokelo sezimoto zakutshanje: Iintsana kunye nabantwana baselula kufuneka bagibele kwisihlalo esibhekene nesango esibheke ngasemva (i-infant-only behind facing seat chair) de kube baneminyaka emibini ubudala okanye ade bafikelele kwisisindo kunye nokuphakama kwemida yesitulo sabo semoto. Nangona oku kuthetha ukuba ezinye iintsana ezincinci kunye nabancinci zifuna ukugqiba kwisitulo sevili esibhekene nesimo esiphezulu, esinezihlalo ezimbalwa zentsana kuphela eziphakamileyo, imilinganiselo ye-30 ukuya kwe-35-imilinganiselo eyimfuneko ekufuneka ifike kuwe ukhuseleko oluphezulu lwezithuthi.

Ukuba uhlola iitshathi zokukhula kwamanani, uya kubona ukuba ezinye iintsana zifikelela kuma-pounds angama-20, umda wesisindo seendawo ezininzi zeemoto zintsana, nje ngeenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-7. Ezi ziintsana kufuneka zihambe ukusuka kwisihlalo saloozintwana zeso sithuthi, kwisitulo sevili esibhekiselwe emva. Isihlalo senqwelo esinokuguqulwa sinokukwazi ukufumana umda wesisindo esibhekene nesemva ukuya kuma-35 ukuya kuma-45 iipounds, ngoko kuya kukuvumela ukuba ugcine umntwana wakho obhekene naye ejongene nokuzalwa kwakhe.

Iingxowa zeSihlalo seMoto

Ezinye iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zokuhlala emotweni abazali abazenzayo zibandakanya:

• Ukubeka iinqwelo zeenqwelo zemoto kwiindawo ezingalunganga okanye ukuvumela ukuba zikhululeke
• Ukubeka iqhosha lesifuba esifubeni kwindawo engafanelekanga
• Ukungasebenzisi inkqubo ye-LATCH ngokuchanekileyo
• Ukugqoka umntwana wabo kwisambatho esinzima okanye bawagubungela ngengubo enkulu kwaye bafaka i-harness ingubo phezu kwengubo yasebusika kwisihlalo semoto
• Ukubeka umntwana kwisihlalo sonyango esingalunganga okanye kwindawo engalunganga emotweni, umzekelo umqolo ojongene nokubhekisana nokubhekise phambili
• Ukubeka isihlalo saloo mntwana kwisitulo sangaphambili xa kunesidumbu se-airbag

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba usebenzisa isihlalo sakho semoto ngokuchanekileyo, cinga ukufumana ukuhlolwa kwesitulo semoto kwisikhululo somlilo sendawo (kungekho ngaso sonke isikhathi) okanye ukutyelela isikhululo sokuhlola isihlalo semoto. Udokotela wakho wezingane kunye nabasebenzi bakhe banokukunceda ukuba ufumane isikhululo sokuhlola ukuba unqabile ukukwazi ukuzifumana. Abazali abaninzi-nokuba ngabazali abanabantwana-bayothuka xa befunda ukuba kukho utshintsho abanokuyenza kwindlela ababeka ngayo umntwana wabo kwisihlalo somoto esikhokelela ekukhuselekeni okukhulu. Ukuba le nkonzo inikezelwa kwingingqi yakho, kuyinkqubo elula kakhulu ongayenza ukuze uqinisekise ukhuseleko lomntwana wakho.

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Sibling Ulwalamano

Ukuba unabantwana abadala, usenokuba neveki okanye ezimbini emva kokuza ekhaya lakho elitsha.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yabanye abantwana bakho, oku mhlawumbi kwakuquka ukukhenkcezwa okunye kunye nokulila, ukunyanzeliswa ekuphuhliseni (ukuxuba umbhede, ukwenqaba ukusebenzisa i-potty, izingozi zokumisa emini,) kunye nobukhwele obuninzi.

Ukulungiselela abantwana bakho umntwana osandul 'inokukunceda ukuba ukhusele kwaye unciphise naziphi na iimvakalelo zakwa-siblings ukulwa-ubuncinane kulezo ziinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala.

Ngelishwa, ngoku ukuba umntwana wakho uvuke kaninzi ngemini, unokuthatha ixesha lakho elingaphezulu, oku kungakhokelela kwiinkathazo ezingakumbi nakubantakwabo. Oku kwenza kubaluleke kunanini ngaphambili ukuba uthathe ixesha lokunceda abanye abantwana bakho bavumelane nokuba ngabazalwana okanye odade abadala, kuquka:

• Ukuba nezingane zakho zinceda kwiindlela ezifanelekileyo ubudala, ezifana nokubamba umntwana, ukuthatha i-diapers, ukubeka impahla kunye neminye imisebenzi
• Ukuqhubeka nokulungelelanisa utshintsho kunye nokunyanzeliswa kokuziphatha komntwana kunye nokuphuhliswa, okufana nokuvutha komsindo okanye nokuba neengozi ezithile zezo zihlandlo nje zamva nje
• Ukukhuthaza abahlobo kunye nosapho ukuba bachithe ixesha kunye nabanye abantwana bakho xa becela ukuncedisa umntwana, okanye ubavumele ukuba bancede umntwana ukuze ube nexesha elingakumbi kwabanye abantwana bakho
• Ukunamathela kwiindlela zakho eziqhelekileyo ngokubanzi, kubandakanywa nexesha lokudla, i- naps , kunye namaxesha okulala
• Ukubeka ecaleni ixesha elilodwa kwixesha elilodwa kangangoko kunokwenzeka kunye nomntakwabo ngamnye omdala, nokuba ngaba nje emihlanu okanye imizuzu engama-10 ngosuku

Khumbula ukuba kusebalulekile ukuba uhlolisise abanye abantwana bakho, ngokukodwa abantwana kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka engama-1000 ubudala xa babamba okanye badlala nomntakwabo okanye udade wabo omncinci.

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Kude Kangakanani Ufuna Ukuqhubeka Ukutshisa Umntwana Wakho?

Uninzi lwabazali lubonakala luyeka ukubetha iintsana zabo xa zineenyanga ezintandathu ubudala, njengoko abantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 ubudala bafunda ukuziqhayisa.

Ukuba uqaphela ukuba umntwana wakho uyazibhokoxa phambi kwaloo nyaka, unokuyeka ukutshiza umntwana wakho emva kweenyanga ezintathu okanye ezine. Ukunikezela kwi-burping kunokwenzeka ukuba kusebenze ukuba sele sele kunzima ukufumana umntwana wakho ukuba aqhube kwaye ubonakala eqhuba kakuhle, engenawo umbane omkhulu, ugugu okanye ukutshatyalaliswa.

Ezinye iintsana zivutha umoya ongaphantsi kunezinye xa zidla, ngokukodwa njengoko zikhula, kwaye ke akudingeki ukuba zitshise emva kokuba zidle rhoqo njengoko ezinye iintsana zenza.

Ukuba unqanda ukubetha umntwana wakho kwaye uqala ukutshiza okanye usebenze emva kokutya, qhubeka uguqa ngeveki ezimbalwa okanye iinyanga.

Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ezinye iintsana kufuneka ziqhutywe phakathi kokutya. Ukuba umntanakho unomdla, kunokuthi uthetha ukuba aphethwe. Ukukhala kubangela ukuba iintsana ziginye umoya, kwaye ukuba umntwana wakho ukhalile, unokufuna ukuba angagqithwa nangona engakondli.

> Imithombo

• > Kliegman, uRobert M., uBonita Stanton, uSt Geme III uJoseph W., uNine Felice. Schor, uRichard E. Behrman, kunye noWaldo E. Nelson. Ncwadana yeeNzululwazi. 20 Edition . Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2015. Print.
• > Sauber-Schatz, E., uTomas, A., Cook, L., CDC. Ukuphazamiseka Kwezithuthi, Iziphumo Zezonyango, kunye neZindleko zeZibhedlele Phakathi kwaBantwana abaneminyaka eli-1 ukuya ku-12 - I-System Impact Assessment System, i-11 States, 2005-2008. Ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokufa kweeveki ngeeveki: Iingxelo eziPhononongo . 2015. 64 (8): 1-32