Zininzi Kangakanani Izihlandlo zokuzama kunye nento elandelayo emva kweComidid, IUI, kunye ne-IVF Failure
Ingaba ngumjikelezo wakho wokuqala weComomid okanye i- IUI yesine , umjikelezo wonyango olwahluleka ukuzala unesiva. Nawuphi na umjikelo ongakhokelela ekukhulelweni unokuziva uzibi. Oko kwathiwa, xa utyalombile amandla omzwe, ixesha kunye nemali, ithemba lakho liphezulu. Amathemba aphezulu athetha ukukhathazeka xa izinto zingahambi njengoko zicwangcisiweyo.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ngokunyamezela kunye nesicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo, ezininzi izibini zingagcina zithole umntwana.
Iindaba ezimbi kukuba kuya kuthatha ixesha ... kwaye lingabiza.
Ngaba unokukhulelwa kwisilingo sakho sokuqala? Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa, khumbula, ukuba nabantu abanokuzala ngokusemthethweni abaqinisekanga ukukhulelwa ngokukhawuleza . Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yokunyanzelisa kwaye kukho unyango oluthileyo, ukuhamba ngezijikelezo ezininzi kunokufuneka.
Yintoni enokuyenza emva komjikelezo wonyango olwahlulekayo? Uyazi njani ukuba kufuneka uqhube kwelinye unyango okanye nini uqhubeke uzama kunye neprotocol? Nantsi oku kuthethwa ngophando.
Ubugcisa beSayensi: Utyando lweZenzalo Akunjalo Nendlela efanayo kumntu wonke
Xa uthetha malunga nokunyanga ukuzala, kudla ukuba kucinga ukuba umendo wonk 'unyango wokuzala unjengoku: i- Clomid yokuqala, ngoko i- IUI eneenjectject, ngoko-IVF . Nangona kunjalo, kunzima kakhulu kunoko.
Okokuqala, phantse zonke iindlela zokunceda zonyango "zongeziweyo" ezinokuthi zilungiswe okanye zongezwe.
Ngokomzekelo, uComomid unokuzama ukuphela. Okanye, isenokusetyenziswa kunye ne-metformin , umntwana we-aspirin , i- progesterone , i-IUI, okanye i-trigger shot of hCG. Okanye ugqirha unokukutshintsha ukusuka kwiComomid ukuya kwi- letrozole . Ezi tshintsho okanye izongezo zingasetyenziselwa ukususela ekuqaleni, okanye ugqirha wakho unokulungisa izicwangciso kamva.
Okwesibini, akuyena wonke umntu kufuneka aqale eCommid.
Kwabanye, ukuya ngqo kwi-IUI okanye nakwi-IVF yinto ekhethekileyo. Ukuba, ngokomzekelo, uye wavala izigulane ze-fallopian okanye ubunzima bendoda engabonakaliyo , i-IVF inokuba yindlela yakho kuphela. "Ukuzama" I-Clomid yokuqala ingenza ingqiqo nhlobo.
Okwesithathu, ngamanye amaxesha unyango luzama ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba uphumelele-kodwa unqume njengeqela ukuba uzame ngamaxesha ambalwa. Ngokomzekelo, masithi umfazi unesisiseko sokungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-ovarian. Masithi udokotela wakhe uyazi ukuba i-IUI eneejectable ineempembelelo ezincinci kwimpamo yakhe, kodwa eso sibini sifuna ukuzama amaxesha ambalwa ngaphambi kwe-IVF. Banganquma isigqibo ngenxa yokuba abanayo imali ye-IVF (kwaye ngoko i-IUI yindlela yabo kuphela yokusebenza), okanye mhlawumbi i-inshurensi yabo ifuna ukuzama i-IUI kuqala. Inombolo yokujikeleza i-insemination ukuzama ukuhamba phambili ingase ihluke ngokupheleleyo kwiqela elithile apho i-IUI iza kunye nokugqithisa okungcono.
Gcina konke oku engqondweni njengoko uhlola izikhokelo ezingezantsi.
Xa i-Clomid (okanye i-Letrozole) Ukwelashwa kwehluleka
I-Clomid, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-clomiphene citrate , iyona mveliso esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yokuzala. I-Letrozole ayilona isilwanyana sokuvelisa (ngokukwenene izidakamizwa zomhlaza), kodwa isebenza kakhulu njengeClomid. I-Letrozole ingaba ngcono kubasetyhini abangaboni kwiComomid okanye kubafazi abane-PCOS .
Kubafundi besifazane abangenabantwana abangenabantwana abaneenkathazo ezincinci ukuya kwi-moderation, i-Clomid ingaphumelela. Xa iingxaki ze-ovulation yinkinga kuphela, izinga lokuphumelela kokukhulelwa lifikelela kuma-60 ekhulwini emva kwemijikelezo yesithandathu.
Kulabo abaya kukhulelwa kwiComidid, abaninzi baya kuba nemizimba kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala. Amaphesenti angama-71 ukuya kuma-87 okukhulelwa awakhulelwe ngeComomid ayenzeka ngamanani amathathu.
Zingaphi iimjikelezo omele uzame ngaphambi kokuba uhambe? Kuphakathi kwemigangatho emithathu ukuya kweyesithandathu kubonakala ngathi uluhlu oluphakanyisiweyo. Ngaphandle kwesijikelezo sesithandathu, ukukhulelwa okumbalwa kwenzeka.
Enyanisweni, kunye noClomid, ukuba neemeko ezingaphezulu kweesithandathu zidimazekile. Ezinye izifundo zifumene umngcipheko ophezulu weengqungquthela ukuba iClomid isetyenziswe ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezithandathu ngaphandle kokuphumelela kokukhulelwa.
Kuthiwani ukuba i-Clomid (okanye i-Letrozole) ayisebenzi emva kwemijikelezo emithathu ukuya ezintandathu? Izilwanyana ezine-IUI zidla ngokulandela.
Xa iisjectables / i-Gonadotropins okanye i-IUI ihluleka
I-Gonadotropins ziyiyobisi yokuzala injoza . Zingasetyenziselwa zodwa zivuselele i-ovulation, kwaye emva koko isibini esithandana nesondo sithatha ixesha elifanelekileyo lokukhulelwa. Okanye, zingasetyenziswa kunye ne- intrauterine insemination (IUI) . Ngenxa yokuba i-gonadotropins sele ibiza kakhulu, kwaye i-IUI idibanisa imali encinci ngaphezu kwelo xabiso ngelixa lincinci ukunyusa iingxaki zokukhulelwa, abaninzi oogqirha badibanisa i-IUI kunye ne-gonadotropins unyango.
IUI ingaphakanyiswa kwakhona kwiimeko zokunqongophala kwabantu abangenalo. Kule meko, iziyobisi ezinokuvelisa zinakho okanye zingasetyenziswanga kunye nayo. IUI kunye ne-gonadotropins ingasetyenziselwa nakwiimeko zokungabonakali . Ngokuxhomekeke kwisibalo sokungabikho kwengqondo, amazinga okuphumelela kwe-IUI ayahluka kakhulu, ukusuka kwiipesenti eziphantsi ezi-7 ukuya kumaphesenti angama-20.
Kuthiwani xa iUUI ihluleka? Zingaphi iimjikelezo omele uzame?
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa ukuzama imijikelezo emithathu kuyilingo elaneleyo, kwaye ukuzama ezine okanye ngaphezulu akufanelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, oku kungenjalo. Uphando olukhulu, uphando lubhekisele kwizinga eliphumelelayo lemijikelezo ye-IUI ye-IUI ye-3,700 imibhangqwana. Kwakuquka i-IUI engaphezu kwama-15 000, kwaye izibini zifumene unyango ngenxa yokungabikho komntwana, inzala yomlomo, okanye ukungabonakali.
Ngaphezulu kweesithathu, iipesenti ezili-18 zithathwe. Emva kwemijikelezo eyisixhenxe, isantya sokukhulelwa esiqhubekayo sasingama-30 ekhulwini. Emva kwesithoba, kwafikelela kuma-41 ekhulwini. Uphononongo lufumene ukuba umyinge wezinga lokuphumelela kumjikelezo we-cycle per 5,6%. Umyinge ngamnye wezinga lokuphumelela kumjikelezo wenani le sixhenxe, ezisibhozo, kunye neyesithoba zazisondele kumlinganiselo-5.1, 6.7, kunye ne-4.6 ekhulwini ngokulandelanayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba amazinga okuphumelela awazange ahle kakhulu emva kweemvavanyo ezintathu.
Baphetha ukuba ukuzama ukufikelela kwimizila engama-9 ye-IUI kunye nokuvuselela okunyanzelisayo kwe-ovarian is reasonable. Ukuba i-IUI ayiphumelelanga, i-IVF isisoloko isinyathelo esilandelayo. Nangona kunjalo, isibini sinokwenza isigqibo emva kokuhluleka kwe-IUI ezintathu ukuqhubela phambili. Nasi isizathu.
Okokuqala, yonke imijikelezo yonyango ehlulekayo ivelisa umonakalo. Eyona nto iphumelelanga amava amava ambalwa, mhlawumbi banokuthi banqume ukuba bayeke ukuzama ngokupheleleyo. Umyinge ngamnye wemigangatho yokuphumelela iphezulu kwi-IVF kune-IUI. Ukuba iimali zikhoyo, kwaye i-IVF isisigqibo esilandelayo, ukuhambela phambili kunokuba kunengqiqo.
Okwesibini, i-IUI ingabizi ngaphaya kwe-IVF, kodwa ayithengi ngeyona ndlela. Ingakwazi ukuhlawula phakathi kwamakhulu ambalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezili-dollar ngalinye, ngokuxhomekeka kwi-inshorensi kunye nokuba zingaphi iziyobisi ezikhulayo ezifunekayo ukuze kukhuthazwe i-ovulation.
Ukuhamba ngemijikelezo emininzi ye-IUI kunokuthethelela imali engaphantsi okanye ayifumaneki kwi-IVF.
Umgca wezantsi: Ukuba i-IVF ifikeleleke, kwaye ufuna ukuhamba ukusuka kwi-IUI emva kwemijikelezo emithathu. Ukuba i-IVF ayilona khetho ngenxa yemali, okanye ukhetha ukuhlala ne-IUI ngaphambi kokuba uqhube phambili, ukuzama ukuya kwii-9 ze-IUI.
Xa i-IVF ihluleka
Ingonyango ye-IVF inokucetyiswa ukuba iibhulo ezikhohliweyo zivaliwe, kwezinye iimeko zendoda engenakho ukungabikho komntwana, okanye ukuba ngaba unyango lwangaphambili lwalukhulile. I-IVF yonyango ingabonakali kwaye ibiza. Ngokomnye uphando, iindleko zokuphuma ngaphandle kwe-pocket ye-IVF ijikeleze i-19,000 zamaRandi .
Ngexesha eliqhelekileyo le-IVF, izidakamizwa zokuvelisa zisetyenziselwa ukugqithisa i-ovaries, ngoko zikhula ii-oocytes, okanye amaqanda. Emva koko, la maqanda ayafunyanwa ngedaliti ekhokelwa yi-ultrasound ngokusebenzisa udonga lwamanzi. Amaqanda ahlanganiswa kunye nesidoda (esiluncedo esivela kumncedisi wesilisa okanye umlingani wesilisa uvelisa isampula yesininzi ngokuzivuselela.) Ngethemba, ezinye iifama zizaliswa ngedoda, kunye nemiphumo enempilo. Emva kweentsuku ezintathu ukuya ezintlanu, imibusi enye okanye ezimbini idluliselwa kwisibeletho somfazi.
Unokufunda malunga nophatho lwe-IVF ngolu catshulwa apha.
Ngamanye amaxesha, umjikelezo we-IVF awukwazi ukufikelela ekudlulisweni kombungu. Oku kwaziwa njengokukhanselwa kwe- IVF . Le yimeko ehlukileyo kakhulu ukususela xa umjikelezo we-IVF ungena ekudlulisweni kombungu kodwa awubanga ukukhulelwa. Ungafunda ngokubanzi malunga nento elandelayo emva kokukhanselwa kwe-IVF apha .
Xa umjikelezo we-IVF uyaphela, kunokuphazamiseka, ngokomoya nangokwezimali. Nangona kunjalo, umjikelezo we-IVF wehlulekile awuthetha ukuba awuyi kuphumelela ngexesha elizayo.
Enyanisweni, kwiibini ezithatha umama, kuthatha umyinge we-2.7 imijikelezo ukuze ufumane ukukhulelwa.
Amanani okuphumelela angcono kubasetyhini abasebancinci, kodwa nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezininzi zingafuneka. Uphando olunye lwama-178,000 anxulumene nezijikelezo zifumene ukuba i-accumulation rate live rate rate after three cycles. Emva kweesibhozo ezisibhozo, ixabiso lokuzalwa liza kuba ngama-82.4 ekhulwini.
Yintoni eyenzekayo xa i-IVF ingabangeli ukukhulelwa?
Ngeshwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isiguli sesigulane, ezininzi iintshukumo ze-IVF aziphumelelanga, "kusho uDkt. Michael C. Edelstein waseVirginia Fertility Associates.
"Emva komjikelo onjalo, ndiyakholelwa ukuba kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha ahlaziye kunye nesigulane iziganeko zengqungquthela engaphumeleliyo ukubona ukuba ngaba kukho utshintsho olwenziweyo kwisilingo esilandelayo," kuchaza uDkt. Edelstein. "Kukhethiweyo, kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho tshintsho kuboniswe, kwaye okukhethwa kukho kukuqhubeka kwakhona. Oogqirha baqonda ukuba amaxesha amaninzi amanyathelo angafuneka. "
Luhlobo luni lolungiso olwenziweyo? I-IVF yonyango ingatshintshwa okanye ikhutshwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuncedisa ubuchwepheshe bokuzala. Amaninzi amaninzi azama kwakhona kunye neprotokto efanayo efanayo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ubuchwepheshe obongezelelweyo okanye ukulungiswa kwezobisi kufuneka kwenziwe.
Imizekelo ibandakanya:
- Iiprotholo ezahlukeneyo zamachiza
- Ukuhlola i-Genetic njengePGD / PGS
- Immunotherapy
- Ukongeza kwi- ICSI (enokukunceda ekukhuliseni amaqanda)
- Ukuncedwa ukuhlanjelwa (okunokukunceda ngokufakelwa)
Zingaphi ii-IVF kufuneka uvulekele ukuzama? Uphando lufumene ukuba ukuzama ukuya kumaxesha amathandathu kunokuba luncedo. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba izinga lokuzalwa lokuzalwa emva kwemijikelezo yesithandathu lingu-65.3%.
Noko ke, imijikelezo yesithandathu, ingaba iindleko ezingavumelekanga kubantu abaninzi. Yingakho ezinye iiklinikhi zenzalo zinikezela ngeenkqubo zokubeka ingxaki okanye ezabelwana ngeengxaki kwizibini ezixhasayo. Yiyo xa uhlawula umrhumo ongaphambili ngaphambili. Ukuba awukhulelwa, ubuyisela enye yemali yakho.
UDkt. Edelstein uchaza indlela oku kusebenza ngayo eklinikhi yakhe. Iprogram ye-IVF yeSigqeba seNkxaso-mboleko yeMbuyiselo yeMbuyiselo yeMbuyiselo yemali, kunye nezigulane zethu ezilungileyo zokugulisa izigulane sivumela iinqwelo ezi-6 ezitsha kunye neentshukumo ezingenamkhawulo, kwaye xa umntwana engabuyiswanga ekhaya, isiguli siyafumana imali eyi-100 yemali ebuyiswa ngayo yonke imali hlawulwa kwiprogram ye-IVF. "
Xa i-Egg Donor Treatment ihluleka
I-egg donor IVF inokucetyiswa kwiimeko zokungasebenzi (primary failure of ovarian failure) , ii- ovarian low reserves (eziqhelekileyo kubasetyhini abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-38 ), okanye umgangatho ophezulu weqanda ngexesha lokungaphumeleli okanye i- IVF .
I-egg donor IVF iyabiza kakhulu, ixabisa imali engama-25,000 ukuya kuma-30,000 ngomjikelezo we-egg recovery . Nangona kunjalo, ineziphumo eziphambili zeempumelelo, ezingcono kuneziqhelo eziqhelekileyo ze-IVF kwanokuba izibini ezineziganeko ezingcono.
Idatha yokuqala ye-2015 ingxelo yoMbutho wezobuNzululwazi obonelela ngokuNcedisa (iSART) inikeza izinga lokuzalwa lokuphila eliphakathi kwama-50.4 ekhulwini ngalinye kwisigidi esingaba ngu-6000 esabika ngalo nyaka, "kusho uDkt. Edelstein.
Oko kwathiwa, iipesenti ezingama-50 azikho ipesenti ezili-100.
Uchaza uDkt Edelstein, "Nangona oku kuphumelele kwinqanaba eliphambili, aba-1 kwabasetyhini be-4 baya kuba neentsilelo ezimbini ezilandelelanayo, kunye no-1 kwaba-8 baya kuba namava amathathu. Ngokubanzi, emva kokungaphumeleli kabini okanye kathathu, kunokuba kunengqondo ukuphinda okanye wenze uvavanyo oluninzi kummkeli. "
Ukuvavanya kungabandakanya ukuphinda okanye ukuqhubela phambili kwegazi lomsebenzi wegazi (ngokukodwa ukukhangela amanqanaba e-thyroid kunye neprolactin) kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-uterine, njenge-saline sonohysterogram okanye i-hysteroscopy.
"Kukho ubungqina bokuqala bokuthi i-biopsy ekhethekileyo ye- uterine yimbi yabizwa ngokuba yi-Endometrial Receptivity Assay (i-ERA) iyakwazi ukubona izigulane ezinokuthi zithathe iibrashi zazo zihanjiswe ngosuku xa isisu singamkelekanga, kwaye utshintsho kumhla wokudluliselwa uncedo, "kusho uDkt. Edelstein. "Ngamanye amaxesha i-biopsy yecala le-uterine cavity iyakwazi ukufumana unyango olungapheliyo (endometritis) onokunyangwa."
Uvavanyo, nangona kunjalo, alisoloko luzisa iimpendulo zokwenza ukuba unyango luhlulekile.
"Ngelishwa, kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho sizathu esinokuthi singabonakaliswa ukuhluleka ukuphindaphinda, kwaye ukukhetha okulungileyo kukube kukunye ukudluliselwa kwesibindi-kwaye izigulane ezininzi zikhulelwa kwisineki sabo sesine okanye sesihlanu."
Xa umxhasi weqanda i-IVF ehlulekayo, ngaba unyathelo lokuthobela isenzo esilandelayo? Akunjalo.
Ngokubhekisele kwi-surrogacy emva kokungaphumeleli kwe-egg donor, uDkt. Edelstein uthi, "Oku kuyindlela ebiza kakhulu kwaye eyinkimbinkimbi echaphazela ezininzi izinto eziphathekayo, ezemali, ezemigangatho kunye nemithetho. Iimbambano ezininzi azikhawulezi ukuba zihambe kule ndlela ngaphandle kokuba kukho ubungqina obucacileyo bokuthi umama wesisu ohlosiweyo unenkxala enkulu ebonakalayo yimbangela yokuhluleka okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwama-embrosi eyenziwe ngama-oocytes. "
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kweSikhupheli esingapheliyo: Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi indlela yokwelashwa
Naluphi na unyango onalo, unokulindela ukuba ugqirha uya kuxoxa nawe ...
- Yintoni engafanelekanga : Ngamanye amaxesha umcimbi nje wokuzama kwakhona. Kodwa kwiimeko zonyango oluyinkimbinkimbi, njenge-IVF, ukuchonga apho izinto eziwela khona zinganceda ukuphucula imiphumo yakho yokuphumelela ngokuzayo.
- Ziziphi iimpawu zakho zokuphumelela xa uzama kwakhona : Ngamanye amaxesha, zilungele nje ngeyokuqala. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokukodwa emva kwemizuzu embalwa ukuya kwii-cycle, iziphumo zempumelelo ziyancipha kakhulu kwizame ezilandelayo.
- Naliphi na ingozi ekhoyo yokubambelela ngonyango ofanayo : Ngokomzekelo, iComidid ayifanele isetyenziswe kwimigangatho engaphezu kweesithandathu. Okanye, omnye umzekelo, ukwenza ii-IUI eziphinda ukuphinda ukwenze ukuphazamisa ukugcinwa kwakho kwemali kunye nemali.
- Ziziphi iindlela zokuvavanywa ezinokuthi zinconywe, ukuba zikhona : ngamanye amaxesha ukuvavanywa kwakho ngaphambili; maxa wambi into entsha. Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlolwa kwezofuzo, i- karyotyping , ukuvavanya imiba yokuzalisa i-immunology, okanye uvavanyo oluphezulu lwe-uterine.
- Ziziphi iinguqu ezinokuthi zenziwe, ukuba zikhona : Ukuxoxa ngemingcipheko eyongezelelweyo, iindleko, kunye namazinga okuphumelela xa ukongeza kule nguqu kufuneka kwakhona kuchazwe.
- Yiyiphi inyathelo elilandelayo eliya kubakho xa uhamba phambili .
Kwezinye iimeko, unokuba ufuna ukufumana umbono wesibini.
UDokotela u-Edelstein uthi: "Izigulane zifuna ukukhululeka kunye nodokotela wabo kunye neklinikhi yeVF. "Bamele bakwazi ukuphendula yonke imibuzo yabo, baqonde kakuhle iinkqubo ezenziwayo, kunye nolwazi lwamazinga okuphumelela."
"Nangona kunjalo, kufike iphuzu ngokuphindaphindiweyo-emva kweesithathu okanye ezine ezingaphelelanga-xa i sibini sinokubuza ukuba ngaba inkqubo iya kusebenza," kusho uDkt. Edelstein. "Kuyaqondakala."
"Ngamanye amaxesha isibini sinokucela ukuvakalisa umbono wesibini komnye ugqirha. Mna ndingenayo ingxaki kwesi sicelo kwaye ndiyakwamkela. Iimeko ezininzi ziqinisekisa oko sikwenzayo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kusinceda sifunde into enokukunceda kwilingo elilandelayo le-IVF. Kuphela ngokuvuleka nokunyaniseka kwimiba yegulane kunye nesigulane, sinokufumana ithuba elihle lokuphumelela. "
Igama elivela kwi-Verywell
Ukujongana nomjikelezo wokunyanga okhulayo ongekho lula. Ukungaphumeleli unyango kuthatha umthwalo wemali kunye nemali. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva udidekile kunye nosizi.
Oko kwathiwa, bambalwa abantu baphumelele kwisicwangciso sokuqala okanye sesibini. Khumbula ukuba enye okanye ezimbini zahluleka ukulandelelana akuthethi izinto aziyi kuphinda ziphumelele. Unokufuna ixesha elingaphezulu okanye isicwangciso solohlukileyo.
Oko kwathiwa, ungesabi ukuthetha "okwaneleyo okwaneleyo" ukuba ufikelele kule ngongoma. Kulula kulabo bangaphandle ukuba bathi, "Ungalokothi ushiye." Kodwa ukugqiba ukuqhubeka "akushiyi."
Ukukhetha ubomi obungenamntwana emva kokusweleka okanye ukulandela ukuthotyelwa komntwana kungabikho iindlela zokuqhubeka nokunyanga. Akufanele uzame zonke iinkatho ezikhoyo phambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuqhubela phambili.
Qinisekisa ukuba ufuna inkxaso evela kwiingcali zengcebiso , iqela lokuxhasa , okanye abahlobo bakho kunye nosapho ngelixa uhamba ngebala lokunyanga, ikakhulukazi ukuba ekugqibeleni uyahamba ngaphandle kwempumelelo. Awudingi ukwenza oku wedwa, kwaye akufanele uyenze. Ingakumbi inkxaso, ungcono.
> Imithombo:
> I-Custers IM1, Steures P, Hompe P, Flierman P, van Kasteren Y, van Dop PA, van der Veen F, Mol BW. "Intrauterine insemination: zingaphi iintshukumo esifanele sizenze? "Uhlambalaza. 2008 Ngo-Apr; 23 (4): 885-8. i-doi: 10.1093 / i-humrep / den008. Epub 2008 Feb 8.
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