Iveki Yakho Yoweshumi Ilishumi (ezimbini Kwiinyanga Ezidala)

Abantu badla ngokumangaliswa kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba bancelise amawele kunye neepesenti eziphezulu.

Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka kuphela, kodwa oomama abaninzi abaphindaphindiweyo benza njalo imihla.

Kwaye nangona ucinga ukuba ukugcina umveliso wobisi okwaneleyo kwintsana nganye kuyakuba yinto enzima, njengokuba kuninzi iinkalo zokunyamekela amawele, ingxaki yakho enkulu kunokuba nexesha elaneleyo lokunakeka nokufumana ezinye izinto.

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Amabhinqa

Ukuncwina ezimbini iintsana ngexesha elifanayo yindlela enye ecacileyo yokugcina ixesha elithile, kodwa oko akusoloko kulula ukuyenza de iintsana zakho zikhula.

Uncedo lokunxilisa

Nangona kunokwenzeka ukunamathela amawele, oko akuthethi ukuba kulula.

Ezinye iingcebiso zokuncedisa xa ibele ibele iquka:

• ufumane uncedo kumcebisi we-lactation ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba iintsana zakho zizalwe kwaye ngaphambi kokuba ube neengxaki, ezinjengezikhwebu ezinzima okanye ukunikezelwa ngobisi oluphantsi
• ujoyine iqela lokuxhasa amawele, apho uya kufumana amaninzi abanye oomama abaphindaphindiweyo abancancisayo okanye abanamabele zabo iintsana
• uncelise kwiimfuno, kodwa ukuba zombini iintsana alambile ngexesha elifanayo, vumela ukuba umntwana ufumane njani indlala kuqala ukugqiba ishedyuli yesondlo sokufuna.
• hlola indlela yokuphucula ubisi lwakho lobisi xa luhla kwaye aluhlangabezane neemfuno zamawele akho

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Amanzi kunye neJusi

Abazali abafuna ukunika amanzi amancinci amanzi okanye iJusi basenza izinto zibe nzima kunokuba zifuna ukuba.

Khumbula ukuba ngokwe-American Academy of Pediatrics, "Ngeenyanga ezi-6 zokuqala, nakwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, amanzi kunye nejusi ayimfuneko kubantwana abancinciweyo." Kwaye akukho sizathu esihle sokucinga ukuba le ngcebiso iya kuba yinto ehlukileyo kwintsana ephuza i-formula esikhundleni sokunesi.

Amanzi okanye iJusi yokuBamba

Ngaba ikhona isizathu esihle sokunika umntwana wakho umntwana okanye ijusi ngaphambi kokuba eneminyaka ezintandathu ubudala?

Ukugqithwa yimeko esemgangathweni enokukukhokelela ukuba unike umntwana wakho amancinci amancinci yamanzi okanye iJusi imihla ngemihla ukunceda ukunyusa ukuhamba kwakhe. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba iintsana ezithandwayo kuphela ezinqabile kakhulu zifumaneke, nangona kunjalo. Ngoko nangona umntwana wakho obelethweyo unomzimba wokuhamba nje emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa okanye enye ngeveki, eqhelekileyo kwiinyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu, ngoko mhlawumbi akaqinisekanga ukuba uyondla kakuhle kwaye ekugqibeleni unesilwanyana esilula.

Iintsana ezisondeza iifom ziyakunqunyulwa, nangona kunjalo. Ngoko, ngamaxesha amaninzi, udokotela wakho wezingane unokulucebisa ama-ounces ambalwa wamanzi okanye ijusi ngosuku lomntwana wakho. Ukuba oku kuba yinkinga yesiqhelo, utshintsho olusuka kwi-formula-based based formula kwi-formula ye- soy lunokuba luncedo kuba ukuxhamla okungapheliyo kungabonakalisa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-formula.

_Imithombo:

_{I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics Policy Statement: Ukunxiliswa kunye nokuSebenza koMlambo wabantu. Pediatrics 2012; 129: 3 e827-e841}

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Iveki elishumi kwi-Q ne-A - Umbala weBeyile

Imibuzo eqhelekileyo evela kubazali beintsana iquka ukuba amehlo abo umntwana aya kutshintsha umbala kwaye ukuba kunjalo, nini. .

Ngaba amehlo abo omntwana aya kulala, apho iintsana ezininzi zizalelwa khona, okanye ziya kuguqulwa, zihlaza, okanye zihlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Uninzi lweengcali zicinga ukuba umbala weso lakho lomntwana uya kuhlala ufana okanye uza kuba mnyama phezu kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kweyisithoba zobomi bakhe. Amehlo amnyama okanye aluhlaza angabhenela, aluhlaza okanye aluhlaza, kodwa amehlo omdaka awunako ukukhanya kwaye abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngelishwa, mhlawumbi kufuneka ulinde uze ubone oko abakwenzayo.

I-Genetics kunye Nombala Wamehlo

Omnye umbuzo oqhelekileyo yintoni umntwana ophelela ngayo ngamehlo aluhlaza xa bobabini abazali benamehlo aluhlaza.

Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba umgubo wemibala yelanga eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uphindaphinda, oko kuthetha ukuba udinga iigenki ezimbini zamehlo aluhlaza ukuze unamehlo aluhlaza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umgubo wamehlo omdaka uphezulu, ngoko ufuna kuphela umgubo omnye wamehlo aluhlaza ukuba ube nombala omdaka. Ngako oko, ukuba umntu unomdla wohlobo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nomnye umgubo wamehlo aluhlaza (sisoloko sineentsholongwane ezimbini kwizinto ezininzi ezifana nombala wamehlo, umbala weenwele, okanye ukuphakama, ukufumana omnye kumzali ngamnye), umntwana uya kuba nomsola omninzi.

Kodwa nokuba ngabazali ababini banamabala omdaka, banokubamba umgubo omnye wamehlo aluhlaza. Ukuba ngamnye uyadlulisela lo mzimba kumntwana wakhe, ngoko umntwana uya kuba neengqimba ezimbini zamehlo aluhlaza kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuba neamehlo aluhlaza.

Imfuza yamehlo aluhlaza iphezulu kakhulu kumbala wamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa i-recessive to brown. Ngoko yintoni imibala enokuthi umntwana ayenayo xa umzali omnye enamehlo aluhlaza kwaye omnye umzali unamehlo aluhlaza? Ekubeni i-genetics yombala wamehlo iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ingaqondwa kakuhle, impendulo yangempela kukuba umntwana unokuba nayo nayiphi na imibala yamehlo evela kwi-hazel eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

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Iveki Ezilishumi Iingcebiso Zokunakekela - Ukulala

Umntwana wakho ulala njani?

Ukuba akalali kunye nokucinga ukuba kufanelekile, ngoku kuya kuba yinto elungileyo yokusebenza kwiingxaki zokulala zengane yakho.

Ukulindela Ubuthongo Bantwana

Nangona ezinye iintsana sele zilele ubusuku ubusuku ubuncinane kwiiyure eziyi-8 okanye ezili-10, ngelixesha elide eliveki ezili-10 ubudala, abaninzi banokuvuka bodwa kanye. Ngoko ukuba umntwana wakho evuka nje kuphela ngoku, unene ngokwenene endleleni.

Ngokuqhelekileyo akude kube zintathu okanye ezine iinyanga ezininzi iintsana ezilalayo nangona ubusuku. Kwaye emva kweenyanga ezintandathu phantse zonke iintsana zilele ubusuku bonke.

Ukuxazulula Ingxaki Yokulala Kwezingane

Ukuba ngeentsuku ezili-10 umntwana wakho usakhula ngaphezu kwesibini okanye kathathu ngobusuku, ngoko mhlawumbi ulala ebuthathaka kwaye unokusebenza ekumncedeni ukulala kangcono.

Ezinye izinto ezinokunceda umntwana wakho alale kangcono ebusuku ziquka:

• ukuthetha nomntwana wakho ukuba uqinisekise ukuba umntwana wakho akanalo imeko yezokwelapha ezifana ne-acid reflux ephazamisa ukulala kwakhe
• funda incwadi yokulala yabazali , njengale:
  • Isixa Sokulala Sokulala
  • Sombulula Iingxaki Zokulala Zomntwana Wakho (incwadi yeFerber ), okanye
  • I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics Khokela kuBantwana Bakho Ubuthongo
• zama ukunamathela kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuncedisa ukutya, i- naps , kunye nexesha lokulala, njengokuba iintsana zokuqala ezifunekayo zingakumbi ngaphezulu kwishedyuli ngoku
• ukubeka umntwana wakho embhedeni ngenkathi elele, kodwa uvuka, oku kuthetha ukuba akazange alele ekudleni okanye edibene ezandleni zakho
• emini, faka umntwana wakho alale kwisikhumba sakhe okanye i-bassinet (naphi na apho alala khona ebusuku) kwaye ungamvumeli ukuba ahlale elele kwisihlalo sakhe semoto, umqhubi okanye ujike

Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, qaphela ukuba ukulala umntwana ukuba alale kodwa ubusuku bungathatha ixesha kunye nomsebenzi, kwaye akusoloko kukho into "eyenzeka ngobusuku."

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Ukhuseleko lweMveliso yoBantwana - Ukubeletha abantwana kunye ne-Maya Wrap Sling

Kwiiveki ezili-10, iintsana ezininzi zinqwenela ukuqhutyelwa.

Bangathanda ukuchitha ixesha elithile kwi-swing okanye bouncer seat, kodwa banokukhawuleza bakhathazeke kwaye bafuna ukufunyanwa. Oku kuya kuba yinto eqheleke ngakumbi kule minyaka njengoko umntwana wakho evukile ixesha elide kwixesha.

Ngelixa unokumane uthwale umntwana wakho ezandleni zakho lonke ixesha, kunzima ukwenza nantoni na into eyenziwe ngaleyo ndlela. Ngaphandle kweengalo zakho ziya kudla ngokukhawuleza.

I- Maya Trapping Sling yindlela enhle yokuphatha umntwana wakho kwaye ugcine ingalo kunye nezandla zakho zikhululekile. Ingubo eguqulwayo yengubo evumela ukuba uthwale umntwana wakho kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo kubandakanywa ukuhlala kwintsana, ukuxhamla, kunye nokuhamba phambili kweengxowa ze-kangaroo. Izikhundla ezimbini zokugqibela zifana noko ungalindela ekusebenziseni into efana ne-BABYBJÖRN Baby Carrier.

Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ezinye ezininzi iimveliso zengxowa kunye nabathwali abakwiimarike.

Bantwana

Ukunyamekela umntwana wakho kwi-Maya Sling Sling Sling, okanye nayiphi na intsana yokubethela kulo mbandela, akunjalo lula njengoko ibukeka, ubuncinane kungekudala amaxesha ozama ngawo.

Ngethamsanqa, unako ukuya kwiiklasi zokuza kubantwana ukukunceda usebenzise iMaya Wrap Sling yakho.

Inkampani eyenza i-Maya Wrap ibuye inikeze imiyalelo ecacileyo kunye neevidiyo ezenza kube lula ukufunda indlela yokusebenzisa i-Maya Wrap Sling ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuze uziva ukhululekile usebenzisa isithwathwa somntwana wakho, kunokuba luncedo ukuvumela omnye umntu ukuba akuncedise ekuphumeni kwakho kunye nokuphuma kwiseshilo, ingakumbi kuba kukho iingxelo ezinobungozi obunzulu obubandakanya nokusetyenziswa kweesana.

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Yeka Isikhumbuzi Sokutshaya

Ngokwe-Matshi ye-Dimes, "Ukubhema kuphazamisa umntwana wakho xa ubhema, umntwana wakho ufumana umoya ophantsi." Ukungabi neoksijini kungenza umntwana wakho akhule ngokuthe ngcembe aze athole ubunzima obuncinane kwisibeleko. ukuqala komsebenzi kunye nezinye iingxaki zokukhulelwa. "

Ngethamsanqa, amanina amaninzi akhulelwe ayaqonda oku kwaye ayeke ukutshaya xa bekhulelwe.

Nangona kunjalo, malunga nama-60% wabasetyhini abayeka ukutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa baqale ukutshaya kwakhona ngelixa abantwana babo bezinyanga ezintandathu ubudala.

Nangona abafazi beqala ukutshaya kwakhona ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, zikhona izizathu ezininzi ezilungileyo zokuyeka, okanye kungcono, kodwa ungayi kutshaya kwakhona. Izizathu zibandakanya ukuba ukuchasana nomsi wesandla kubini kucinga ukuba kwandisa ithuba lomntwana lokukhulelwa kweendlebe, ukugula, isifo se-asthma, i-wheezing, i-pneumonia kunye nezifo eziphambili zokuphefumula.

Umoya unokubangela ukuhlaselwa sisifo se-asthma kubantwana abaninzi kwaye bahlala bebi kakhulu kunabantwana abangabonakaliswa ngumntu otshaya.

Kwaye iintsana ezityhila kumkhathaleli otshaya okanye umama otshaya xa ekhulelwe zize zibe zihlandlo ezi-4 zokufa ngeNtsana yokuFana kweNtsana (SIDS).

Izixhumanisi:

• Umbutho WamaLungu waseMelika - Yeka Ukubhema - Indlela yokuyeka
• Great American Smokeout
• Malunga nokuShiywa koTshwala

_Imithombo:

_{Matshi weDimes. Ukutshaya: Iingcebiso zokuyeka.}

_{I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics: I-Tobacco: Iimpembelelo kumntwana wezingane. - Iipediatrics - 01-Apr-2001; 107 (4): 794-8.}

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Izifo zabantwana - i-RSV

Abazali bahlala bexhalabele malunga nokusuleleka kwe-RSV okanye intsholongwane yokuphefumula.

Aba bazali sele beve ngeentsana ezifumana i-RSV kwaye zenze i-wheyzing, ixinzelele ukuphefumla, kwaye isenokufuneka ifike esibhedlele. Ngethamsanqa, abantwana abaninzi abafumana i-RSV, ngakumbi abantwana abadala, bafumana iimpawu ezibandayo ezifana neempumlo, umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane.

Abantwana abancinci, ngokukodwa iintsana kunye neentsana, basengozini kakhulu kwizifo ezikhuselekileyo ze-RSV. Aba bantwana bangahlakulela iimpawu ze-RSV ezidlulileyo emva kweentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwi-4 zokuba zibonakalise iimpawu ezibandayo kwaye emva kokuba umkhuhlane wabo ushiyekile kuquka:

• ukucatshulwa nokutya okubi
• ukunyaniseka
• ukukhwehlela
• kunzima ukuphefumla, kunye nokubuyisela kunye nokucima
• ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza
• ivili
• i-hypoxemia (amanqanaba e-oxygen ephantsi), nangona i-cyanosis, ayiqhelekanga
• i-apnea, nangona oku kuqhelekileyo kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweeveki ezingama-6 ubudala

Qiniseka ukubiza umnonimzi wakho okanye ufune enye ingonyango ukuba ubanda bakho kubonakala buba nzima kwaye ucinga ukuba uphuhliso lweempawu ze-RSV ezinzima.

Ukuthintela i-RSV

I-Synagis yilenki yenyanga leyo inokunikezelwa kubantwana abasengozini, ikakhulukazi iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha , ukukhusela ukuba bafumane i-RSV. Ekubeni ixesha le-RSV liqhuba ngokususela ngoNovemba ukuya ku-Matshi, ama-Synagis shots aqhele ukuqala ngo-Oktobha kwaye anikwe ukuphela kwexesha le-RSV.

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Isaziso sempilo - Amachiza amaCold

Izimpawu ezinobungozi , kubandakanywa impumlo ye-runny, ukunyunyuza kunye nokukhwehlela, ziqhelekile kubantwana, ngakumbi abantwana abaselula abasesikweni.

Ngelishwa, njengokuba ulingwa njengokuba usenokuba ukunika umntwana wakho umkhwehlela kunye neyeza ezibandayo ukuzama ukumnceda azive engcono, akukho mayeza atshisayo angaphezulu kwama-FDA avunyelwe iintsana ezisencinane okanye ziye zabonakaliswa ukuba ziphucule iimpawu ezibandayo.

Enyanisweni, ekuxubusha ukukhwehlela kwamayeza kunye namaqanda abandayo, i-FDA ibika ukuba "imibuzo iphakanyisiwe malunga nokukhuseleko kwezi mveliso nokuba ngaba izibonelelo zilungele nayiphi na ingozi ebangelwa ukusetyenziswa kwezi mveliso kubantwana, ngakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala . "

Uninzi lweengxelo zeengxaki zala mayeza zivela kubazali banikela kakhulu okanye banikezela amayeza kaninzi. Ngoko akunjalo ukuba nayiphi na into amayeza ayingozi xa asetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo. Yinkinga engabikho mntu uyayazi kakuhle imilinganiselo echanekileyo yale mayeza kubantwana abancinci, isizathu esifanelekileyo sokuba bafanele bagwenywe.

Kukho izilumkiso kwilebula ezingafaneleki zinikezelwe abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-4.

Enye impazamo abazali abayenzayo kunika amayeza amabini anesithako esifanayo, nto leyo inokukhokelela ekugqibeleni, nangona iyeza ngalinye linikezelwa kwisilinganiso esifanelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba unika umntwana wakho weTylenol kunye neCaminaminic Cough & Sore Throat ngexesha elifanayo, ngoko uya kuba kabini kwi-dose ye-acetaminophen (iTylenol), ekubeni ikhona kwiyeza ngalinye.

Ukuze ukhuselekile, khuluma nodokotela wakho wezilwanyana ngaphambi kokuba unikeze umntwana wakho omncinci kunyango olukhukhulayo kunye nokukhupha , ikakhulu xa uneminyaka engaphantsi kweenyanga ezine ukuya ezintandathu.

_Imithombo:

_{I-FDA yezeNtlalo ngcebiso. Ukunyanga okungekho mveliso kunye noMhlaza otywala Sebenzisa kwi-Children. Agasti 15, 2007.}

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Iveki Ilishumi Eliya Kuyenza Uluhlu - Uluhlu Lwezinto Eziphuthumayo Uluhlu Lokuhlola

Abazali beintsana ezincinci baziva bekhululekile ngokushiya bodwa kunye nabani na.

Ukubonelela umntwana wakho okanye umkhathaleli ngolwazi oluchanekileyo lwezokwelapha malunga nosana lwakho kunokukunceda ngakumbi.

Ukuqokelela ulwazi olulandelayo kwaye ulondoloze kwindawo efanelekileyo, njengefowuni, kuya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho okanye umnakekeli unolwazi oluchanekileyo kwimeko yengxamisekileyo.

• indlela yokusebenzisa iinkonzo zonyango zengxamisekileyo, ngokukodwa xa kungenziwa ngo-911
• inani le- Poison Control - (800) 222-1222
• ulwazi lwakho loqhagamshelwano oluphuthumayo, kubandakanya umsebenzi kunye namanani eefowuni kunye naliphi na inani elongezelelweyo kunye noonxibelelwano
• Igama logqirha lomntwana kunye nenombolo yefowuni
• igama lomntwana wamazinyo kunye nenombolo yefowuni
• ulwazi lwe-inshorensi yempilo, kubandakanywa nesicwangciso sakho nenombolo yomgaqo-nkqubo
• igama elipheleleyo lomntwana kunye nosuku lokuzalwa
• Imbali yonyango yengane yakho kuquka zonke izifo, ukunyuka kokutya, imithi ayithathayo, kunye naluphi na iingxaki zonyango onayo, ngakumbi iingxaki zonyango ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo se-asthma, i-seizures, okanye isifo sikashukela
• nayiphi na imiyalelo ekhethekileyo onayo
• nayiphi na enye inkcazelo engxamisekileyo ocinga ukuba ibalulekile, kubandakanywa idilesi kunye nenombolo yekhaya lakho

Ukugqibezela, ingakumbi ukuba uya kubakho ubusuku okanye kwenye idolophu, unako ugunyaze umkhathaleli wakho ukuba afune unyango xa umntwana wakho egula.